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• VC2M7SP01

  represent three-dimensional objects in 2 dimensions; discuss and reason about the advantages and disadvantages of different representations

  Elaborations

  • deconstructing packaging to identify shapes and nets
  • using different nets to construct prisms and determining which nets will make a cube, rectangular prism, triangular prism or pyramid
  • using aerial views of buildings and other three-dimensional structures to visualise the footprint made by the building or structure, identifying prisms that could approximate the structure
  • building objects by interpreting isometric and perspective drawings
  • using isometric and square grid paper to draw views of front, back, side, top and bottom of objects
  • exploring different two-dimensional representations of objects in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander artworks or cultural maps of Country/Place

  VC2M7SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Space

• VC2M7ST03

  plan and conduct statistical investigations for issues involving discrete and continuous numerical data, and data collected from primary and secondary sources; analyse and interpret distributions of data and report findings in terms of shape and summary statistics

  Elaborations

  • obtaining secondary data from newspapers, the internet or the Australian Bureau of Statistics
  • investigating secondary data relating to the distribution and use of non-renewable resources around the world
  • conducting an investigation to draw conclusions about whether teenagers have faster reaction times than adults
  • conducting an investigation to support claims that a modification of a science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) related design has improved performance
  • using secondary data from the Australian Reconciliation Barometer to conduct and report on statistical investigations relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples

  VC2M7ST03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Statistics

• VCSSU089

  Scientific knowledge and understanding of the world changes as new evidence becomes available; science knowledge can develop through collaboration and connecting ideas across the disciplines and practice of science

  Elaborations

  • investigating how advances in telescopes and space probes have provided new evidence about space
  • investigating how the development of microscopes has changed understanding of cell function and malfunction, and how this has led to improved medical treatments for disease
  • investigating how knowledge of the location and extraction of mineral resources relies on expertise from across the disciplines of science
  • considering how advances in technology, combined with scientific understanding of the functioning of body systems, has enabled organ repair and replacement
  • investigating how land management practices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples can help inform sustainable management of the environment

  VCSSU089 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour

• VCLVC177

  Investigate and summarise factual information obtained from a range of sources on a variety of topics and issues related to the Country/Place

  Elaborations

  • investigating the origins of Aboriginal names in their local area, regional area and state and territory, recording meanings where known, and identifying different source languages
  • interviewing an respected community member to gain an historical perspective about their use of particular words and language constructions, observing correct respect protocols and presenting findings in formats such as digital presentations, posters, wall charts or oral summaries
  • researching and creating a profile of a prominent member of the language community, for example, an artist, sportsperson or leader
  • developing a photographic record/portfolio of different animal and plant species found in Country/Place, with commentary/annotations
  • seeking information from respected community members to assist in classifying living things according to culturally appropriate categories, comparing these classification systems with those used in western approaches to the study of living systems
  • identifying and describing the role of various Aboriginal organisations that provide services to their community
  • researching different aspects of a selected Indigenous business operating in the community, for example, an enterprise associated with arts, bush medicine, bush food, tourism, transportation or animal husbandry, and presenting findings in digital formats or oral presentation mode
  • analysing a range of historical documents recorded in the language, classifying content according to categories such as date, text genre (wordlist, letter), topic (Indigenous knowledge, environment, traditions, fishing/navigation, rules), purpose of the text and intention of the writer (to inform, prescribe, describe, assert authority); and presenting findings in chart or table form or by giving a presentation
  • interviewing local community members about their experiences of living on the land, their relationship with language and culture and their recollections from the past, recording and presenting key findings
  • researching Aboriginal words used in English, using resources such as the Australian National Dictionary, and identifying and explaining words that come from the local language

  VCLVC177 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCLVC183

  Consider and discuss their own and each other’s ways of communicating and expressing identity, reflecting on how the language links the local, regional and national identity of its speakers with the land

  Elaborations

  • considering how their own biography, including elements such as family origins, traditions, beliefs, practices, interests and experiences, shapes their sense of identity and ways of communicating
  • describing kinship connections with the surrounding Country/Place or connections of a respected community member or guest speaker
  • creating spoken, written or multimodal texts, such as identity maps, timelines, digital presentations or family trees with captions, to mark key milestones and significant influences in their lives, for example, key people, events, educational experiences, community affiliations, traditions or travel experiences, considering how these shape identity
  • comparing and reflecting on how identity is expressed across languages and cultures, for example, by considering the idea of ‘belonging’ as expressed in different languages
  • discussing the role that language and culture play in the identity and well-being of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • investigating how particular policies and practices affect the sense of identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, for example, the effect of language loss, separation from Country/Place/family/community
  • reflecting on how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples from different nations express their group identity, for example, through practices and symbols such as flags, Welcomes to Country, Indigenous rounds in sporting leagues
  • reflecting on how their own biography, including family origins, traditions, beliefs, practices, interests and experiences, shapes their sense of identity and ways of communicating
  • discussing the link between identity and connections to land/water/sea/sky, culture and language and the health and well-being of individuals and community
  • reflecting on how the language links the local, regional and national identity of its speakers with the land, water, sea and sky

  VCLVC183 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Identity

• VCAMAM035

  Develop and refine media production skills using the technical and symbolic elements of images, sounds and text to represent a specific story, purpose and meaning

  Elaborations

  • creating their own media artworks that fulfil audience expectations through story structure, such as including a point of conflict, building characters and achieving a resolution
  • discussing how genres can be created through settings, images and sound, for example, creating mood and setting through images, sound and framing
  • exploring genres such as narrative, non-narrative, experimental and documentary styles, and making a trailer in a similar style
  • preparing a news story in print and for online publishing, and discussing the differences in the structure of content, meaning and delivery between the two media
  • documenting the process of making their media artwork in journals, blogs, video or audio recordings, analysing and evaluating the structural choices they made
  • analysing and evaluating the different contexts of media artworks and their effect on meaning for an audience, for example, how media artworks change when viewed outside the cultural context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  VCAMAM035 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 7 and 8 | Media Arts Practices

• VCAVAE034

  Explore how artists use materials, techniques, technologies and processes to realise their intentions in artworks

  Elaborations

  • investigating the viewpoints of several artists and how they express a theme, concept or subject matter in different contexts and using different styles with different materials and technologies
  • exploring how artists have used different materials and symbols to express cultural identity for example, identifying implied meaning through the symbols in the artwork, such as a universal symbol that reflects contemporary youth culture, or the symbols of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • selecting contextual information about artists, artworks and audiences as inspiration for their artworks
  • discussing and documenting their choices of expression to strengthen meaning and viewpoints in their artwork
  • researching artworks that provide different ideas and concepts based on ideological views and institutional theories of design and art practice, for example, the Bauhaus movement, Chinese social realist painting, Greek classical sculpture
  • applying critical theories to the analysis and interpretation of artworks, for example, identifying explicit and implicit meanings in artworks

  VCAVAE034 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 7 and 8 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVCDR005

  Identify and describe the use of methods, media, materials, design elements and design principles in visual communications from different historical, social and cultural contexts

  Elaborations

  • identifying the effectiveness of methods, media and materials in a range of visual communications
  • identify the use of design elements and principles in a range of visual communications and how these are used to effectively communicate ideas and engage the target audience.
  • identifying how design elements and principles are used in combination with drawing conventions, materials, methods and media to communicate ideas to a target audience
  • discussing how the use of materials, methods, media, design elements, design principles are applied to visual communication styles from different times and places, for example, investigating presentations from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the styles that reflect particular ‘countries’ and groupings
  • discussing the influence of the target audience on visual communications, for example, how the target audience and purpose of a visual communication affects the use of design elements and principles and processes in visual communications

  VCAVCDR005 | The Arts | Visual Communication Design | Levels 7 and 8 | Respond and Interpret

• VCDSTS044

  Investigate the ways in which designed solutions evolve locally, nationally, regionally and globally through the creativity, innovation and enterprise of individuals and groups

  Elaborations

  • exploring how designed solutions have changed over time and predicting future developments, for example home entertainment, communications or food packaging
  • considering the rights and responsibilities of those working in design and technologies occupations, for example consideration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander protocols
  • exploring the use and development of systems for navigating unfamiliar environments, for example a service to help tourists engage with a heritage area
  • investigating traditional and contemporary design and technologies, including from Asia, and predicting how they might change in the future in response to factors such as social change and the need for more sustainable patterns of living
  • identifying needs and new opportunities for design and enterprise, for example promotion and marketing of designed solutions
  • investigating how developments in materials, tools and equipment influence designed solutions

  VCDSTS044 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Technologies and Society

• VCGGC102

  Collect and record relevant geographical data and information from useful primary and secondary sources, using ethical protocols

  Elaborations

  • gathering from a range of primary and digital sources, for example, from GIS layers, observation, annotated field sketches, surveys and interviews, or photographs, relevant data about the impacts of and responses to a hydrological hazard, or the factors influencing decisions people make about where to live
  • collecting geographical information from secondary sources, such as digital sources, thematic maps, weather maps, climate graphs, compound column graphs and population pyramids, reports, census data and the media
  • applying ethical research methods, including the use of protocols for consultation with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities
  • considering the usefulness of primary and secondary data by finding out when it was collected and for what purpose, and comparing this to the purpose of research
  • gathering relevant data about the ways to protect significant landscapes from a range of primary and digital sources, such as from observation, annotated field sketches, surveys and interviews, or photographs

  VCGGC102 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCLVU195

  Investigate and explain techniques used to build language, considering challenges involved and understanding their role as contemporary documenters of language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and discussing the main areas of the language that could be served by language building
  • analysing the authenticity of historical sources used in language building and discuss the strengths and limitations of these
  • investigating different approaches that have historically been used to record language and what this means for language revival, for example, different spellings, different domains of use, lexical biases
  • understanding challenges in developing new words and structures for the language, and how these words might be developed within the existing resources of the language or by analogy from related languages
  • discussing techniques used to build language, such as analysing historical sources, interviewing/recording existing speakers
  • understanding the orthographic and grammatical choices of the contemporary community
  • considering domains of use where the language may grow in the future
  • trying out ways of making new words under the guidance of an Aboriginal languages specialist or a respected community member where appropriate
  • working with local Aboriginal communities in language-related projects, and contributing to local language records and resources through structured and research-based projects
  • understanding their role as contemporary documenters of the language, for example, listening and transcribing spoken texts, preserving language resources developed at school
  • developing a variety of resources for younger and future students of the language
  • investigating programs and initiatives that serve to maintain and strengthen language use, for example, school languages programs, bilingual education, research programs, recording and archiving material, websites, databases and documentaries
  • exploring the importance of advocacy in supporting the maintenance and development of language and culture

  VCLVU195 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCDSTC046

  Analyse how food and fibre are produced when creating managed environments and how these can become more sustainable

  Elaborations

  • comparing land and water management methods in contemporary Australian food and fibre production with traditional Aboriginal systems and countries of Asia, for example minimum-tillage cropping, water-efficient irrigation
  • investigating the management of plant and animal growth through natural means and with the use of chemical products like herbicides and medicines when producing food and fibre products
  • recognising the need to increase food production using cost efficient, ethical and sustainable production techniques
  • describing physical and chemical characteristics of soil and their effects on plant growth when producing food and fibre products
  • investigating different animal feeding strategies such as grazing and supplementary feeding, and their effects on product quality, for example meat tenderness, wool fibre diameter (micron), milk fat and protein content when producing food and fibre products
  • recognising the importance of food and fibre production to Australia’s food security and economy including exports and imports to and from Asia when critiquing and exploring food and fibre production

  VCDSTC046 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Technologies Contexts | Food and fibre production

• VCHIU107

  Recognise that Australia is a multicultural society with communities of speakers of many different languages including Hindi, and reflect on the diversity of language practices that characterise members of this multicultural community

  Elaborations

  • recognising the linguistic diversity of the global community, understanding that many people around the world speak more than one language, comparing with the multilingual character of Australian society, for example, by talking about the different languages represented in the classroom and local community
  • exploring the range of languages spoken in Australia, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, for example, by constructing a linguistic profile of their own class or school community
  • recognising that there are many different Indian languages and dialects spoken in India and other regions of the world, such as Hindi, Tamil, Gujarati, Panjabi, Marathi, involving variations in accents, vocabulary and syntax, and that most Hindi speakers also speak other languages
  • comparing their individual language profiles, explaining which languages or dialects they use in their family, social and community lives
  • reflecting on the impact on their personal lives and sense of identity of being bilingual or multilingual
  • explaining the influence of Indian language and culture on their ways of communicating in different situations, for example, by creating a glossary of Hindi words and expressions that they use when communicating in English

  VCHIU107 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCLVC179

  Interpret and respond to texts by sharing personal reactions, comparing themes, describing and explaining aspects of artistic expression and how these relate to land, sky, sea, water, people, plants, animals and social and ecological relationships

  Elaborations

  • listening to respected community speakers tell stories on Country/Place, interpreting signs and gestures and using correct protocols to ask clarifying questions and to find out about the cultural role of storytelling
  • interpreting and responding to texts such as songs, stories, films or video clips by recording key vocabulary and expressions, identifying and explaining main ideas, themes and sequences of events, for example, by sharing personal reactions with others
  • discussing how key messages and beliefs are communicated through stories and visual and creative arts, for example, comparing the role and representation of animals, people and landscapes in different expressive forms
  • discussing and explaining how land, sky, sea, people, plants, animals and social and ecological relationships are expressed through the arts
  • investigating traditional and contemporary arts, including paintings, weavings, artefacts, and identifying how they relate to or express elements of Country/Place and people
  • listening to, viewing and comparing personal responses to popular music, identifying key messages, themes and performance styles,, and considering how they incorporate social commentary
  • discussing how stories and songs often link neighbouring Aboriginal groups and nations
  • retelling stories belonging to Country/Place

  VCLVC179 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VC2M7M03

  describe the relationship between π and the circumference, radius and diameter of a circle

  Elaborations

  • recognising the features of circles and their relationships to one another; for example, labelling the parts of a circle including centre, radius, diameter and circumference and using one of radius, diameter or circumference to determine the measure of the other 2; and understanding that the diameter of a circle is twice the radius, or that the radius is the circumference divided by 2π
  • comparing the circumference of circles in relation to their radius and diameter with materials and measuring, to establish measurement formulas; for example, using a compass to draw several circles, then using string to approximate the circumference, comparing the length of string to the diameter of the circle
  • investigating π as the constant in the proportional relationship between the circumference of a circle and its diameter, and historical approximations from different civilisations, including Egypt, Babylon, Greece, India and China
  • investigating the applications and significance of circles in everyday life of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, such as in basketry, symbols and architecture, recognising the relationships between the centre, radius, diameter and circumference

  VC2M7M03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Measurement

• VC2M7N10

  use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving rational numbers and percentages, including financial contexts such as ‘best buys’; formulate problems, choosing representations and efficient calculation strategies, designing algorithms and using digital tools as appropriate; interpret...

  Elaborations

  • modelling additive situations involving positive and negative quantities; for example, a lift travelling up and down floors in a high-rise apartment where the ground floor is interpreted as zero, or in geography when determining altitude above and below sea level
  • modelling contexts involving proportion, such as the proportion of students attending the school disco, proportion of the bottle cost to the recycling refund, proportion of the school site that is green space, 55% of Year 7 students attended the end of term function or 23% of the school population voted ‘yes’ to a change of school uniform; and interpreting and communicating answers in terms of the context of the situation
  • modelling financial problems involving profit and loss, credits and debits, gains and losses; for example, holding a fundraising sausage sizzle and determining whether the event made a percentage profit or loss
  • finding the sum of a set of consecutive numbers using a loop structure
  • constructing geometric patterns such as a honeycomb, using dynamic geometry functionality
  • using mathematical modelling to investigate the proportion of land mass/area of Aboriginal Peoples’ traditional grain belt compared with Australia’s current grain belt

  VC2M7N10 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Number

• VCTRC090

  Convey information, obtained from personal, community and media sources relating to their own cultural, social and environmental contexts, using spoken, written and digital modes of communication

  Elaborations

  • creating a video, digital presentation, web post or print newsletter to report on a recent experience, such as a visit to a Turkish retirement village or to Turkish shops, markets or venues in their local community
  • using different modes of presentation such as displays or recorded commentaries to visual texts to profile events, characters or places related to Turkish culture, history or experience, such as Gelibolu ve Anzaklar, Atatürk, Göç
  • creating multimedia presentations to invite reflection on aspects of environmental or ecological concerns, for example, çevre kirliliği, geri dönüşüm, nesli tükenen hayvanlar
  • providing information on aspects of their own lives that may interest learners in other Turkish-speaking environments, for example, spor, okul kampları veya gezileri, konserler, festivaller, düğünler, tatil gezileri, supporting their commentaries with sound or visual elements
  • using modes of presentation such as photo montages, written journals or recorded interviews to inform members of their extended family overseas about their social and educational experience in Australia
  • presenting an aspect of Australian culture, for example, multicultural or traditional cuisine, daily life and routines in urban/rural settings, significant places or cultural practices associated with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, highlighting elements that reflect the diversity of Australian experience

  VCTRC090 | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCTRC057

  Interpret and compare representations of values, characters and events in a range of traditional and contemporary imaginative texts

  Elaborations

  • comparing representations, values and social commentary represented in current TV programs or song lyrics with those conveyed in traditional short stories such as Kaşağı or Eskici, and novels such as Çalıkuşu or Hababam Sınıfı
  • discussing television series or songs, such as Türk dizileri, Türkçe pop, şarkılar ve türküler, identifying either shifts in social or cultural attitudes from those reflected in traditional texts, such as efsane, or evidence of continuing values across time
  • identifying concepts such as courage, loyalty or social justice portrayed in traditional texts through characters such as Köroğlu, Çakırcalı Efe, Karacaoğlan, discussing their relevance to today’s society
  • assuming the persona of a character from a favourite contemporary novel or film and then adapting it to an earlier time or context, noticing changes required to language forms and expression
  • comparing representations of traditions and beliefs across cultures through visual and performing arts, for example, by comparing several living traditions present in Australia, including those associated with cultural and artistic expression of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples

  VCTRC057 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCASFC062

  Translate and interpret unfamiliar texts in Auslan or English and compare their translation to those of their classmates, considering why there might be differences in interpretation and how language reflects elements of culture and experience

  Elaborations

  • identifying Auslan phrases and expressions encountered in unfamiliar texts that do not translate literally into English, comparing their interpretation with those of their classmates
  • considering possible consequences of lack of equivalence between Auslan and English words and phrases in terms of intercultural communication, providing examples from their own experience
  • analysing an Auslan version of a frozen text such as the Australian National Anthem, considering why some words or expressions require freer translation than others
  • developing in consultation with deaf Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students and elders an Acknowledgement of Country in Auslan that is appropriate to their school location for use in gatherings, events and school assemblies
  • paraphrasing and summarising short Auslan texts containing unfamiliar content, providing simple translations in written English
  • translating simple filmed texts in Auslan into transcribed written English captions
  • shadowing quality signed texts in Auslan as a pre-interpreting skill and as a means to enhance presenting skills and confidence as a subset of interpreting skills
  • comparing translations in Auslan, BSL and International Sign of stories such as ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ to Auslan versions of the same stories, discussing differences in vocabulary and approaches to translation on a free to literal continuum
  • comparing their own translations of short set texts in Auslan or English with those of their classmates, noting variations and discussing possible reasons for these
  • observing and interacting with deaf guests to the classroom who use different signed languages, such as ASL or a traditional signed language used by deaf Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, identifying any differences between languages and acting as interpreter with support
  • evaluating different interpretations of selected texts, using translation resources such as Mac software, digital dictionaries and online materials, considering questions such as Does this represent the exact meaning? What other ways could this be interpreted or translated?
  • explaining the role of accredited Auslan–English interpreters and that of Deaf interpreters in the Deaf community, demonstrating through role-play correct protocols for working with interpreters
  • exploring metaphors used in Deaf art and discussing whether these translate well to the hearing world
  • role-playing basic sight translation techniques with simple, school-specific or everyday texts, using an autocue or text and signing the translation to camera
  • developing a written English glossary of terminology in relation to sign language translation and interpreting

  VCASFC062 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCESU018

  Recognise the interconnected relationship between language and culture

  Elaborations

  • identifying how ways of communicating in Spanish and English differ and how people outside each culture may understand these features differently, for example, attitudes to time reflected in language and social interactions; expressing thanks or appreciation more or less directly
  • considering how differences between ways of using language reflect cultural influences, for example, the adoption of varying systems of apellidos in different Spanish-speaking communities
  • identifying words or expressions that reflect values and ways of thinking about the world in Spanish, English and other languages, for example, the religious and cultural associations of relationships such as compadrazgo, names such as Jesús María, Dolores, Concepción and Asunción, and expressions such as la bendición, ¡Que Dios te bendiga! and ¡Adiós!; the connotations of ‘mateship’ in Australian English; or the significance of Country in Aboriginal culture
  • considering how Spanish language and interaction patterns around familiar routines such as mealtimes reflect practices and values associated with family life, food and social relationships, for example, sobremesa
  • noticing cultural variations in the expression of concepts such as respect or politeness in different languages, for example, the more direct use of imperative forms in Spanish when making a request compared to less direct ways in English (Dame el libro versus ‘Can you give me the book, please?’)

  VCESU018 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture