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• VCHHC100

  Analyse the different perspectives of people in the past

  Elaborations

  • recognising that, while evidence may be limited for a particular group of people, such evidence can provide useful insights into the power structures of a society
  • identifying and explore differing perspectives of peoples from the time, acknowledging there may be silent voices for example women
  • describing the values and attitudes revealed by a source, for example, an individual account, and using additional sources to show how they are broadly representative or contrast the values and attitudes of the society

  VCHHC100 | The Humanities | History | Levels 7 and 8 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCHIU106

  Recognise that the Hindi language has evolved and developed through different periods of time and as a result of different influences and interactions, that it is related to many other languages used in India and in the Australian community, and that it has influenced/influences other languages

  Elaborations

  • understanding that all languages are dynamic, continuously changing over time, that some grow, adding new words and borrowing from other languages, as in the case of both Hindi and Australian English, while others are no longer spoken (often referred to as ‘sleeping’ by owners) as in the case of many Indigenous languages of Australia and North America
  • recognising connections between language families and individual languages, such as that between Hindi and Punjabi, including the practice of adopting and adapting words and expressions from each other, for example, the use of Hindi words that originated in languages such as Persian, Arabic and English
  • identifying Hindi words derived from other languages, such as दफ़्तर, borrowed from Arabic, क्षेत्र (field in an abstract sense) directly from Sanskrit versus खेत (field as in for farming) from Hindi via Pali/Prakrit, मेज़ via Persian from Portuguese
  • exploring the relationship between Hindi and English language systems and practice and identifying changes to Hindi that have come about as a result of processes such as globalisation, technological change and intercultural exchange
  • identifying Hindi words and expressions used in English and other languages, such as pyjamas, bungalow, sorbet, avatar, cashmere, juggernaut, yoga, sari researching their origins and comparing original and current meanings
  • finding examples of Hindi words that retain their identity as non-English words but are increasingly incorporated into English and understood by bilingual speakers, for example, the familiar, affectionate use of यार and देसी

  VCHIU106 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDTCD044

  Evaluate how well student-developed solutions and existing information systems meet needs, are innovative and take account of future risks and sustainability

  Elaborations

  • comparing student-developed solutions with existing solutions that solve similar problems, for example identifying differences in the user interface of two adventure games and explaining how these differences affect the usability or appeal of the game
  • judging the quality of a student-developed solution based on specific criteria such as meeting an economic need or contributing to social sustainability
  • investigating what features of touch input rather than keyboard or mouse input contribute to their success in meeting a wide range of needs, for example mimicking a common movement such as expanding or contracting a hand to change the size of an object on screen, suits users with a range of dexterity
  • evaluating the success of information systems in meeting an economic, environmental or social objective, for example interviewing a local business owner to find out how effectively their information system supports a business objective such as increasing market share
  • considering the effects of e-waste on societies and environments, for example the impacts of toxic chemicals when hardware is disposed of, and the practice of dumping unwanted digital systems overseas, particularly in the Asia region
  • comparing cloud-based information systems to client-based information systems on the basis of security of transmitted and stored data and energy costs

  VCDTCD044 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCDSCD049

  Critique needs or opportunities for designing and investigate, analyse and select from a range of materials, components, tools, equipment and processes to develop design ideas

  Elaborations

  • considering community needs when identifying opportunities for designing, for example gardens for a community centre, cost effective food service for a sport club
  • experimenting with traditional and contemporary technologies when developing designs, and discovering the advantages and disadvantages of each approach
  • investigating emerging technologies and their potential impact on design decisions, for example flame retardant fabrics or smart materials such as self-healing materials, digital technologies and agriculture
  • examining, testing and evaluating a variety of suitable materials, components, tools and equipment for each design project, for example the differences between natural hardwood and plantation softwood timbers, which determine their suitability for particular uses related to durability, for example interior or exterior use
  • evaluating the viability of using different techniques and materials in remote, isolated areas, or less developed countries
  • selecting appropriate materials to acknowledge sustainability requirements by using life cycle thinking

  VCDSCD049 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Investigating

• Latin: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use their knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and textual cues to identify and interpret information in Latin texts, such as narratives, about the daily life and attitudes of the Romans. They interpret grammatical structures such as inflected forms; identify linguistic...

  Level description | Languages | Latin | Levels 7 and 8

• VCZHU176

  Explain how communicative practices are influenced by engagement with different languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • exploring uses and meanings of word categories (such as colours, celebrations, animals) across languages and cultures, for example, the assumption in Australia that a cake with candles must be a birthday cake; the use of colours to reflect mood
  • analyse culture-specific values in Chinese (such as face, harmony, group identity), and explore how these are applied in own language use, for example expressing modesty and respect through the expression 多多指教
  • identifying words used with specific assumptions, for example, gender (英俊 is used to describe males), significance (会见 versus 见面), formality (光临 versus 来到)

  VCZHU176 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCNRC095

  Engage with speakers of the language being studied, recognising that interaction involves the expression of cultural experience and values as well as language

  Elaborations

  • participating in and discussing experiences in intercultural interactions, for example, using appropriate greetings, terms and non-verbal gestures and explaining why they vary in different cultural and social settings and contexts
  • researching language used in different contexts, for example, informal texts such as text messages, recognising elements that reflect cultural attitudes and trends
  • reflecting on choices made when using the language to interact with others, considering the relationship between language and culture, for example, when speaking in the formal and informal register
  • participating in intercultural experiences, for example, visiting a cultural establishment, reflecting on etiquette, cultural expressions and language choices

  VCNRC095 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCZHC164

  Plan and convey key points of information and opinions based on information drawn from a range of sources

  Elaborations

  • engaging with different representations of ideas, comparing perspectives and developing an informed position on issues relevant to their life, for example, 在中国有人说移民澳洲好，因为生活轻松； 也有人说移民澳洲不好，因为没有熟悉的家人朋友。我觉得… 因为…
  • discussing perspectives and comparing experiences and opinions relating to issues such as 独生子女政策, noting how some people focus on positive effects on society while others focus on their own personal experiences of being a 独生子女
  • collaborating to produce multimedia displays to share with readers overseas to provide a local insight into issues such as international students in Australia
  • collating information from personal research and writing reports on issues relevant to young people across cultures, for example, pressure to follow fashions and trends, bullying in schools, and inspirational people

  VCZHC164 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• Classical Greek: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use their knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and textual cues to identify and interpret information in Classical Greek texts, such as narratives, about the daily life and attitudes of the ancient Greeks. They interpret grammatical structures such as inflected forms...

  Level description | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8

• VCLVU192

  Understand and apply cultural norms, skills and protocols associated with learning, using and researching Aboriginal languages

  Elaborations

  • using culturally appropriate protocols when engaging with and learning from Aboriginal peoples and communities
  • acknowledging cultural and intellectual property rights and copyright over language work, including song holders, story keepers, language informers, composers and choreographers

  VCLVU192 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCITU075

  Understand the value of communicating within and across languages, and discuss the interrelationship between Italian, English and other languages

  Elaborations

  • discussing how loan words in both Italian and English have come from other from other languages such as Latin and Greek, for example, agenda, census, via, metafora, stigma
  • understanding differences between standardised language and dialects, comparing words used in the home and/or community to those used in formal settings such as school, for example, guaglione or toso and ragazzo
  • reflecting on the history of Italian migration to Australia, the formation of communities of speakers of Italian in specific cities and suburbs, and the resulting regional variations of language, such as Australo-Italian, and the impact of Australian English on the local Italian community
  • analysing the influence of the Italian language on English in areas such as food, music and fashion, and considering the value of this influence

  VCITU075 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC010

  Engage with speakers of Greek recognising that interaction involves the expression of cultural experience and values as well as language

  Elaborations

  • participating in and discussing experiences in intercultural interactions, for example, using appropriate greetings, terms and non-verbal gestures and explaining why they vary in different cultural and social settings and contexts
  • researching language used in different contexts, for example, informal texts such as text messages, recognising elements that reflect cultural attitudes and trends, for example, τα λέμε
  • reflecting on choices made when using Greek to interact with others, considering the relationship between language and culture, for example, when speaking in the formal and informal register Kαλημέρα σας κυρία/κύριε, Αγαπημένο μου ημερολόγιο ... σε φιλώ, φιλάκια
  • participating in intercultural experiences, for example, visiting a Greek cultural establishment, reflecting on etiquette, cultural expressions and language choices

  VCELC010 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCFRC060

  Respond to a variety of imaginative texts, analysing ideas, themes, values and techniques used to engage and entertain audiences

  Elaborations

  • comparing cartoons or video clips from different eras, identifying themes and representations, for example, traditional fables and contes with moral messages and contemporary texts such as cartoons that include diverse perspectives on social issues
  • transcribing short samples of action-related dialogue from texts designed to create suspense or excitement (for example, Tintin et l’étoile mysterieuse: allons-y! Ah non, c’est impossible! Personne? Ah magnifique!), and building them into their own performance dialogues or captions for comics or storybooks
  • responding to different expressions of humour in French (for example, le mime, les blagues, les jeux de mots, les devinettes), and comparing these with Australian expressions of humour

  VCFRC060 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• Turkish - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students recognise and use key elements of Turkish grammar, such as word order, positions of adjectives, adverbs and postpositions, and recognise how grammatical forms and functions are represented through agglutination. They apply the principles of vowel harmony, for example, when adding nominal...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence

• VCHIU071

  Recognise the intercultural and multilingual nature of language use in social media and popular culture, considering how this influences aspects of their lives

  Elaborations

  • finding examples of language/behaviours associated with Indian culture that are part of everyday life in Australia, for example, words and expressions associated with religion, yoga, dance, Bollywood, food, sport
  • explaining the influence of Indian language and culture on their ways of communicating in different situations, for example, by creating a glossary of Hindi words and expressions they use when communicating in English or when thinking about themselves and their families
  • investigating different forms and functions of multilingualism in today’s society, for example, by tracking the mixing of languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi and English in Bollywood scripts and song lyrics, or by creating their own hybrid-language advertisements, songs or raps, for example, Life style से तय होगा car का premium..
  • reflecting on other people’s reactions to their use of Hindi and/or English, considering how perceptions of people’s ways of communicating are shaped by cultural standpoints and perspectives

  VCHIU071 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• French - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students become familiar with the sounds of French, including pronunciation, rhythm, pitch and stress. They recognise similarities with many English words, noting differences in pronunciation (attention, menu). They approximate the pronunciation and phrasing of single words and short phrases,...

  Level description | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence

• VCSIS113

  Communicate ideas, findings and solutions to problems including identifying impacts and limitations of conclusions and using appropriate scientific language and representations

  Elaborations

  • using digital technologies to access information, to communicate and collaborate with others on and off site and to present science ideas
  • selecting and using appropriate language and representations to communicate science ideas within a specified text type and for a specified audience

  VCSIS113 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Communicating

• VCSIS111

  Use scientific knowledge and findings from investigations to identify relationships, evaluate claims and draw conclusions

  Elaborations

  • identifying data that provides evidence to support or refute the hypothesis being tested
  • drawing conclusions based on a range of evidence including from primary and secondary sources

  VCSIS111 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Analysing and evaluating

• Intercultural Capability: Levels 7 and 8 description

  In Levels 7 and 8, the curriculum focus is on developing the knowledge, skills and understandings to reflect on how cultural practices and beliefs contributes to individual, group and national identities. This includes religious beliefs, traditional celebrations and customs, social relationships...

  Level description | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability

• Personal and Social Capability: Levels 7 and 8 description

  In Levels 7 and 8, the curriculum focuses on emotional self-management and the ability to recognise the characteristics of respectful relationships in a range of contexts. Students learn about personal values and how they may differ. The curriculum provides opportunities for students to demonstrate...

  Level description | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability