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• Hindi - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students develop explicit knowledge of the forms and functions of language elements that some may already use fluently in their spoken language. Literacy development provides the opportunity not only to read and write the language but also to understand how it is formed and how it works. Students...

  Level description | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence

• Modern Greek - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  By building their vocabulary knowledge, students are able to develop and express more complex concepts in Modern Greek. They use a range of grammatical forms and structures to convey relationships between ideas, events and experiences, developing awareness of the language structures and features...

  Level description | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence

• VCDEC009

  Create and maintain individual and shared bilingual texts and resources such as signs, word lists, posters, games and photo stories

  Elaborations

  • creating and using bilingual resources for language learning, such as glossaries or personal German–English and English–German print and digital word lists and dictionaries with examples and explanations of language use and parts of speech
  • creating bilingual texts for specific audiences, for example, a Big Book or game for young learners of German, invitations to a class event or posters for a performance, noticing how meaning needs to be tailored to audience and cultural perspectives
  • creating bilingual signs and notices for the school and local community, such as Bücherei – Library, Sporthalle – Gymnasium
  • designing and maintaining a bilingual website with a partner school or contact group of English learners in a German-speaking community, making choices about when to use German or English depending on the context, topic and nature of the interaction

  VCDEC009 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDC093

  Translate and interpret texts such as descriptions, emails, signs and notices, from Indonesian to English and vice versa, using contextual cues and textual features, and noticing non-equivalence of meaning

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers and teacher to translate and interpret personal texts, such as correspondence and conversations, noticing similarities and differences in language use and considering why these might exist
  • translating public signs or notices from Indonesian to English and vice versa, comparing meanings and considering how effective the translations are and why
  • experimenting with translating, both literally and for meaning, by using strategies such as explaining rather than word-for-word translation, for example, describing Australian Rules football or kaki lima
  • learning to use bilingual dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words and the need to consider context and understand that meaning goes beyond the literal, for example, jam karet

  VCIDC093 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCJAC008

  Translate and interpret short texts such as self-introductions or conversations, noticing and explaining aspects that are similar or different in Japanese and English versions

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers and the teacher to translate and interpret familiar texts in Japanese such as emails and phone conversations between friends or self-introductions, noticing similarities and differences between Japanese interactions and their own communicative style
  • interpreting words and expressions encountered in simple Japanese texts such as greeting cards, menus or stories that do not translate easily into English and that reflect aspects of Japanese culture, for example, ていしょく、いただきます、 the use of ‘happy’ in English compared to おめでとう in Japanese, しつれいします、はじめまして、どうぞよろしく
  • comparing own translations of simple texts with peers’, explaining why words or expressions were translated in particular ways and considering reasons for any differences
  • learning to use dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words and the need to consider context
  • comparing the meaning and use of emoticons in Japanese and English

  VCJAC008 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCKOC008

  Translate simple idiomatic phrases and short texts such as labels, signs or short dialogues from Korean to English and vice versa, explaining perceived differences in meaning between the two versions

  Elaborations

  • translating and interpreting personal texts collaboratively and with teacher support, noticing similarities and differences in language use and considering why these might exist, for example, 민수는/가 키가 커요,착해요, 입어요/써요
  • translating public signs or notices from Korean to English and English to Korean, comparing meanings and considering how effective the translations are and why
  • using bilingual dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words, different words inthe same sound/form (that is, homophones), the need to consider context and to understand that meaning goes beyond the literal, for example, 우리 집 (my house), 써요 (to wear/write/use/be bitter)

  VCKOC008 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCKOC009

  Create bilingual texts that refer to experiences, objects or events commonly encountered in both Australian and Korean contexts, considering how easily words or expressions translate and why some are more difficult to translate than others

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual resources such as picture dictionaries or photo stories, including those in digital form, with bilingual captions and labels, for example, comparing photos of Korean and Australian classrooms for exchange students to each country and highlighting differences in the arrangement of furniture and wall displays
  • designing bilingual signage, for example, names of school facilities for school maps (화장실, 매점, 교실, 음악실, 수영장, …), explaining how well the translated labels represent the attributes of their designated items
  • creating and using bilingual texts, including those in digital form, for specific audiences (for example, a Big Book or game for young learners of Korean, invitations to a class event or posters for a performance), noticing how meanings need to be tailored to take account of intended audience and cultural perspectives

  VCKOC009 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCASFU103

  Recognise and restrict signing to the standard signing space, and understand that particular signs, depicting signs, some verbs, enacting and pronouns make use of spatial relationships

  Elaborations

  • describing the range of signing space in normal signed discourse
  • recognising that non-body-anchored nouns can be located in the signing space and identifying instances of this
  • noticing that Auslan pronouns are different from English because they don’t show gender but they can show the location and a specific number of referents, for example, WE2 (inclusive) and WE3 (inclusive) or WE2-NOT-INLCLUDING-YOU (exclusive)
  • noticing that a point can refer to a person, place or thing
  • noticing that enacting a role or modifying the beginning and end locations of some verbs can show the referents involved, for example:
    PRO1 ASK PRO3 versus PRO1 ASK-_her
    PRO3 ASK-_me CA:I-was-shocked
    
  • identifying what sorts of things can be represented in a DS by a particular handshape, for example a distant person, pole or tree can be represented by a point handshape, and a cylinder can be traced by a C handshape

  • distinguishing between entity, handling or SASS DSs by looking at what the handshape represents in each type:

    • entity: the handshape is an object or person
    • handling: the handshape represents a person’s hands touching or moving another object
    • SASS: the handshape traces the shape or size

  VCASFU103 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHPEP130

  Plan and use strategies and resources to enhance the health, safety and wellbeing of their communities

  Elaborations

  • investigating preventive health practices relevant to young people, and designing and implementing health promotion activities targeting these practices
  • investigating food-serving recommendations from The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and producing a guide to help students make healthy choices when buying food from the school canteen
  • examining how different cultures value the contribution of the mind-body-spirit connection to health and wellbeing

  VCHPEP130 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Personal, Social and Community Health | Contributing to healthy and active communities

• VCNRU102

  Identify connections between language, culture and communication, recognising how communication styles and practices vary across cultures and how intercultural exchange involves the exchange of meaning as well as words

  Elaborations

  • investigating own personal and community practices to identify connections with the target language and culture, for example, in cooking, sport, music, dance or technology
  • discussing elements of culture and their significance in reflecting values, attitudes and traditions
  • discussing, questioning and explaining understanding of own and other cultures, and considering how attitudes towards diversity and difference affect communication
  • examining culturally specific terms developing appropriate explanations for them and discussing equivalent terms in other languages

  VCNRU102 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCRAC095

  Interact with peers and texts, noticing what and how language is being used, and considering own reactions and how these relate to own language and culture

  Elaborations

  • participating in intercultural experiences, including viewing (online) videos or television programs, noticing what is confusing, surprising or 'strange', corresponding with peers in a region where the language is spoken, such as through email, shared digital spaces or video, comparing topics of interest, language choices and expressions
  • observing interactions between speakers, noticing similarities and differences in politeness and etiquette
  • recording features of language use, such as by keeping a journal about how language reflects cultural concepts and values
  • developing a language for describing personal reactions to and feelings about intercultural experiences

  VCRAC095 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAU102

  Notice connections between language and culture in intercultural language use, recognising how words and expressions may be culture-specific

  Elaborations

  • noticing that some words are culture-specific such as language associated with particular artefacts and the physical environment
  • recognising that some expressions are related to cultural practices such as eating or celebrations
  • comparing how languages reflect values such as those related to personal attributes, physical appearance and behaviour
  • recognising interconnections between own language and culture such as vocabulary and expressions related to people, lifestyle and environment, for example, ‘barbecue’, ‘thongs’, ‘bathers/togs/swimmers’, ‘no worries’

  VCRAU102 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCZHU202

  Explain the phonological and tonal features of Chinese, including variations in tone, stress and phrasing in diverse settings

  Elaborations

  • recognising the value of Pinyin romanisation to assist in distinguishing and analysing differences in spoken Chinese, to generate digital texts and to develop understanding of sound–symbol correspondences in characters
  • identifying subtle differences in pronunciation in spoken Chinese, including variations in regional accents, especially in speakers of other dialects, for example, distinguishing between ‘qing’ and ‘qin’, ‘lou’ and ‘rou’, ‘liang’ and ‘lang’, ‘shi’ and ‘si’, ‘lan’ and ‘nan’
  • developing tone discrimination and exploring the impact of tone choice, including tone sandhi, on the meanings expressed in speech, for example, ‘mǎi’ and ‘mài’, ‘bùqù’ and ‘búqù’

  VCZHU202 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCCCL022

  Explain how Australia’s legal system aims to provide justice, including through the rule of law, presumption of innocence, burden of proof, right to a fair trial and right to legal representation

  Elaborations

  • discussing the role of the Magna Carta in establishing the principle of a fair trial
  • discussing the elements of a 'fair trial', including citizens' roles as witnesses and jurors
  • exploring how Australians can receive access to justice and legal representation, such as through legal aid
  • discussing the meaning and importance of the rule of law, presumption of innocence, and burden of proof

  VCCCL022 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 7 and 8 | Laws and Citizens

• VCGGK122

  The causes and consequences of urbanisation, drawing on a study from Indonesia

  Elaborations

  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do
  • exploring the connections between urbanisation and economic and social opportunities
  • examining how urbanisation can affect environmental quality. For example, carbon emissions and water consumption

  VCGGK122 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Changing nations

• VCHPEM140

  Evaluate and justify reasons for decisions and choices of action when solving movement challenges

  Elaborations

  • explaining and justifying the movement concepts and strategies selected in response to movement challenges
  • demonstrating to others the approach taken to solve movement challenges
  • identifying factors that enabled them to achieve success in movement activities and explaining how these factors can be transferred to other learning contexts

  VCHPEM140 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Movement and Physical Activity | Learning through movement

• VCHPEM135

  Practise, apply and transfer movement concepts and strategies

  Elaborations

  • examining and demonstrating the similarities of strategies used in different physical activities and how they can be transferred to new movement situations
  • exploring similarities in the bases of support and flow of movements when performing movement sequences
  • selecting previously successful strategies and applying the most appropriate when solving new movement challenges

  VCHPEM135 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Movement and Physical Activity | Moving the body

• VCMNA277

  Solve a range of problems involving rates and ratios, including distance-time problems for travel at a constant speed, with and without digital technologies

  Elaborations

  • understanding that rate and ratio problems can be solved using fractions or percentages and choosing the most efficient form to solve a particular problem
  • calculating population growth rates in Australia and Asia and explaining their difference
  • finding one of distance travelled, time taken or average speed given the other two quantities

  VCMNA277 | Mathematics | Level 8 | Number and Algebra | Real numbers

• VCCCTQ034

  Synthesise information from multiple sources and use lateral thinking techniques to draw parallels between known and new solutions and ideas when creating original proposals and artefacts

  Elaborations

  • identifying how scientists collaborate and may use natural forms as an inspiration to solve a problem, for example using the structure of humpback whale fins to develop and improve wind turbines
  • creating a set of words and images of simple objects that can be shuffled, selected at random and linked to the problem at hand, to stimulate thinking when experiencing a creativity block
  • discussing how acquiring data from a range of sources can improve the range of proposed digital solutions
  • investigating the similarities between algorithms used for different purposes, and synthesising this information into a more general algorithm for broader applications

  VCCCTQ034 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCASFU107

  Develop awareness of the sociocultural context, nature and status of Auslan and of the Deaf community in Australia and the impact of this on language change

  Elaborations

  • identifying where and when different people learnt to sign and whether they are from deaf or hearing families
  • exploring and providing possible explanations for variation in Auslan fluency among their classmates and members of the Deaf community
  • understanding the nature of the transmission of Auslan, for example, how in most cases Auslan is not passed on from parent to child, but from child to child (horizontal language transmission) or to children by deaf adults outside the family
  • investigating the use of digital technology/communication by Auslan users, for example, social media, SMS/texting and NRS and VRS, discussing how these modes of communication impact on accessibility and communication for members of the Deaf community
  • considering ways that Auslan is evolving due to different influences, including the capacity for new technologies to store, record and share sign languages
  • discussing the degree to which their classroom/school is an Auslan-accessible and Deaf-friendly environment, and how this might be further enhanced
  • investigating how Auslan and Deaf culture are promoted in the wider community, for example through the influence of organisations such as Deaf Australia, high-profile individuals such as activists or actors or events such as NWDP, Deaf festivals, Australian Deaf Games or Deaf art exhibitions

  VCASFU107 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language awareness