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• VCLAU030

  Reflect on self as a language learner, explaining how the study of Latin influences own style of communicating, ways of thinking and viewing the world

  Elaborations

  • exploring own sense of identity, challenging own and others’ assumptions about family and civic responsibilities, traditions, values and attitudes
  • drawing on knowledge of ancient society to examine and interpret own world, including aspects such as ancestry, values, traditions, social status, family and national pride
  • reflecting, such as in discussions, blogs and journals, on experiences in the course of learning Latin and their impact on perceptions of own cultural experience and ways of communicating
  • identifying challenges and achievements associated with learning Latin, for example, learning to ‘read between the lines’ to identify thought implicit in the use of language
  • reinterpreting own experience of learning Latin, listening to others’ perspectives and comparing these with own experience
  • discussing how learning Latin impacts on own ways of thinking and viewing the world

  VCLAU030 | Languages | Latin | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Reflecting

• VCSIS136

  Select and use appropriate equipment and technologies to systematically collect and record accurate and reliable data, and use repeat trials to improve accuracy, precision and reliability

  Elaborations

  • applying specific skills in the use of scientific instruments
  • selecting and using probes and data loggers to record information
  • identifying how human error can influence the reliability of data

  VCSIS136 | Science | Levels 9 and 10 | Science Inquiry Skills | Planning and conducting

• Science: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students analyse how models and theories have developed over time and discuss the factors that prompted their review. They predict how future applications of science and technology may affect people’s lives. They explain the concept of energy conservation and model...

  Level description | Science | Levels 9 and 10

• VCZHC212

  Develop and present a position on an issue based on information drawn from different perspectives and sources and provide advice and guidance

  Elaborations

  • identifying the positions of different speakers and exploring the explicit and implicit values and reasons that may have led to the development of their own perspectives, for example, why a Western speaker of Chinese may look at an issue differently to a native Chinese speaker; the different perspectives of a city resident versus a rural resident
  • developing an information kit about the local city or region to provide to Chinese visitors via a local tourism website, including details on history, climate, environment and cultural activities supported by visuals
  • creating short texts to inform others on topics of interest (such as 中国的茶-澳洲咖啡), and providing an objective perspective by discussing alternative views, for example, 有人说…也有人说…他们都不知道...所以…
  • accessing a range of sources of discussion (such as online debates in public forums and TV talk shows) and identifying factors that potentially cause bias on an issue, such as era, generational differences, cultural factors and individual personalities, for example, 有人认为愚公很傻， 尤其是生活在现代的人
  • presenting a balanced view on a contemporary issue, referring to evidence to support ideas and elaborating on own perspective
  • engaging with different representations of ideas, comparing perspectives and developing an informed position on issues relevant to their own lives, for example, 在中国有人说移民澳洲好，因为生活轻松； 也有人说移民澳洲不好，因为没有熟悉的家人朋友。我觉得… 因为…
  • presenting information on an issue such as 独生子女政策 by discussing perspectives and comparing experiences and opinions, noting how some people focus on positive effects on society and others focus on personal experiences of being a 独生子女
  • collaborating to produce multimedia displays to share with readers overseas to provide a local insight into issues such as the experience of international students in Australia, and highlighting the features that might be most relevant to overseas readers
  • collating information from personal research and writing reports on issues relevant to youth across cultures, such as pressure to follow fashions and trends, bullying, and inspirational people

  VCZHC212 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCJAU198

  Understand that the Japanese language carries embedded cultural information and assumptions that can be difficult for speakers of other languages to interpret

  Elaborations

  • providing examples of exchanges in Japanese that require cultural as well as literal interpretation, such as responses that deflect personal considerations (for example, replying positively to the enquiry お元気(げんき)ですか), or strategies to preserve values of humility and honour
  • discussing how the cultural value of 内(うち)/外(そと) is expressed through language, such as the use of prefixes and suffixes when referring to people outside the immediate ‘group’, the choice of informal or formal register, and decisions about what to share/not share in general conversation
  • exploring cultural concepts embedded in Japanese language which embody important core values and behaviours and for which there is no direct English translation, for example, えんりょ and 和(わ)
  • discussing their own and others’ attitudes towards cultural diversity and difference, including the use of stereotypes and generalisations, and considering how these affect communication
  • considering how contemporary expressions of individuality exemplified in some forms of contemporary Japanese youth culture relate to traditional concepts of conformity and collective identity

  VCJAU198 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCITC126

  Reflect on own identity in general and as a user and learner of Italian by sharing personal experiences, perspectives and values and considering their influence

  Elaborations

  • recounting personal experiences and expressing opinions through a range of texts, using present and past tenses as appropriate, for example, writing an autobiography indicating how their identity has changed and why; writing a narrative about their family history and generational influences (Ammiro … Giovanni perché è venuto in Australia da solo quando aveva diciotto anni)
  • reflecting on texts such as diaries, articles and documentaries about the lives of Italians in the diaspora; making comparisons with learners and speakers of Italian, for example, through interviews, social media, wikis and video; discussing how people’s identities, values and beliefs (including their own) are maintained and/or change over time
  • comparing and contrasting Italian and Australian experiences such as a concert or celebration, or teenage use of technologies (mobile phones, social networking), and considering how their own and others’ identity may shift according to place and time; discussing cultural notions of ‘self’ as public or private
  • engaging with other learners and speakers of Italian such as through social media, wikis and video, to describe experiences of using and learning Italian, seeking advice on how to learn and navigate aspects of Italian language and culture such as taboo topics, personal space, and perceptions of image (for example, È permesso parlare di politca/religione? Con chi? Perché no?); surveying class-/schoolmates, relatives, neighbours and friends to examine how identities may vary
  • reflecting on choices made to present self to others in particular ways or to conceal aspects of identity when interacting across cultures; noticing the adjustments made when interacting with different people

  VCITC126 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCITU095

  Analyse how linguistic choices construct and reflect ideas, practices and values, and consider how these influence the exchange of meaning

  Elaborations

  • identifying specific expressions that reflect cultural concepts in different experiences and texts, for example, sono in pausa pranzo, faccio il pisolino, Andiamo a prendere un aperitivo
  • reflecting on how linguistic choices of different language users might be interpreted by speakers of Italian
  • explaining how certain sentence structures reveal differences in social status, cultural background and generation, for example, use of voi form instead of Lei in Nonno, cosa pensate di questo?
  • keeping a journal to record perceptions of how using and learning Italian has impacted on their own assumptions about Italian language and culture
  • noticing that people’s choice of language in interactions reflects their cultural situatedness/positioning

  VCITU095 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• Science: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In Levels 9 and 10, the curriculum focus is on explaining phenomena involving science and its applications. Students consider both classic and contemporary science contexts to explain the operation of systems at a range of scales. At a microscopic scale, they consider the atom as a system of protons...

  Level description | Science

• VCNRC113

  Consider how cultural identity influences interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse contexts such as Australia

  Elaborations

  • developing an understanding of contemporary life in diverse communities who speak the language being studied, for example, through viewing excerpts from films, and reflecting on similarities and differences to own lifestyle
  • preparing a family tree with information such as languages spoken by family members, significant places/countries, and reflecting on how background can shape identity
  • exploring how cultural identity is manifested in Australian and communities that speak the language being studied, for example, through family occasions, community events and festivals, reflecting on the importance of shared understanding
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using the language, considering how it may add a further dimension to own sense of identity

  VCNRC113 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• Chinese - Background Language Learner - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students participate in discussions, debates and presentations on a range of issues. They extend their writing skills to include more informative and objective language and write in more formal genres. They develop their skills in analysing characters and recognising word and clause boundaries...

  Level description | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence

• VCAMAR045

  Analyse and evaluate how technical and symbolic elements are manipulated in media artworks to challenge representations framed by social beliefs and values in different community and institutional contexts

  Elaborations

  • explaining how technical and symbolic elements, such as camera techniques, editing, sound rhythm and mise-en-scène, evoke a personal response such as excitement or fear, or convey an issue or idea such as differing opinions about climate change
  • reviewing a media artwork and adding to, disputing or endorsing the opinions expressed by another source
  • comparing the same idea, event or story presented in artworks in different media, explaining how different technical and symbolic elements are used to engage audiences and influence personal perceptions, for example, comparing two media artworks dealing with a current news event
  • deconstructing a film or television work that includes representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to analyse and evaluate the representation of traditional beliefs and values within contemporary cultures

  VCAMAR045 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 9 and 10 | Respond and Interpret

• VCGRCU030

  Reflect on self as a language learner, explaining how the study of Classical Greek influences own communicative behaviours, ways of thinking and viewing the world

  Elaborations

  • exploring own sense of identity, challenging own and others’ assumptions about family and civic responsibilities, traditions, values and attitudes
  • drawing on knowledge of ancient society to examine and interpret own world, including aspects such as ancestry, values, traditions, social status, family and national pride
  • reflecting, such as in discussions, blogs and journals, on experiences in the course of learning Classical Greek and their impact on perceptions of own cultural experience and ways of communicating
  • identifying challenges and achievements associated with learning Classical Greek, for example, learning to ‘read between the lines’ to identify thought implicit in the use of language
  • reinterpreting own experience of learning Classical Greek, listening to others’ perspectives and comparing these with own experience
  • discussing how learning Classical Greek impacts on own ways of thinking and viewing the world

  VCGRCU030 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Reflecting

• VCZHU080

  Analyse the ways in which language choices reflect cultural practices and values and how language is used to express familiarity and distance between participants in interactions

  Elaborations

  • exploring how known languages influence their own communicative preferences, such as reflecting the values of one culture when communicating in another, for example, differences in the use and frequency of ‘thank you’ and 谢谢
  • making connections between their first language and how it influences communication in additional languages, for example: Why do Chinese speak English in certain ways? What features of my first language influence how I speak Chinese? How does this affect mediation of ideas between languages?
  • interacting with people of different ages and positions, varying language and level of formality according to relative status, for example, using appropriate ways to accept or decline requests, compliments or suggestions (你能不能帮我一点忙？---- 对不起，我没有空; 您找谁？- 你爸爸在家吗？)
  • examining how concepts such as humour and humility are conveyed in Chinese, and discussing how these may be perceived by non-native Chinese speakers
  • reflecting on taboos in language use and how these can impact on communication across cultures, for example: Is it okay to ask someone’s age in China? Why do numbers and colours matter? What are we superstitious about in Australia? What hand gestures are acceptable with Chinese speakers? What can I joke about?
  • defining familiarity and distance as they relate to language use

  VCZHU080 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | The role of language and culture

• VCLVU195

  Investigate and explain techniques used to build language, considering challenges involved and understanding their role as contemporary documenters of language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and discussing the main areas of the language that could be served by language building
  • analysing the authenticity of historical sources used in language building and discuss the strengths and limitations of these
  • investigating different approaches that have historically been used to record language and what this means for language revival, for example, different spellings, different domains of use, lexical biases
  • understanding challenges in developing new words and structures for the language, and how these words might be developed within the existing resources of the language or by analogy from related languages
  • discussing techniques used to build language, such as analysing historical sources, interviewing/recording existing speakers
  • understanding the orthographic and grammatical choices of the contemporary community
  • considering domains of use where the language may grow in the future
  • trying out ways of making new words under the guidance of an Aboriginal languages specialist or a respected community member where appropriate
  • working with local Aboriginal communities in language-related projects, and contributing to local language records and resources through structured and research-based projects
  • understanding their role as contemporary documenters of the language, for example, listening and transcribing spoken texts, preserving language resources developed at school
  • developing a variety of resources for younger and future students of the language
  • investigating programs and initiatives that serve to maintain and strengthen language use, for example, school languages programs, bilingual education, research programs, recording and archiving material, websites, databases and documentaries
  • exploring the importance of advocacy in supporting the maintenance and development of language and culture

  VCLVU195 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCELC028

  Consider how cultural identity influences interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse contexts such as Australia

  Elaborations

  • developing an understanding of contemporary life in diverse Greek-speaking communities, for example, through viewing excerpts from Greek films, and reflecting on similarities and differences to own lifestyle
  • preparing a family tree with information such as languages spoken by family members, significant places/countries, and reflecting on how background can shape identity, Μιλώ αγγλικά, Είμαι Καναδός, Η μαμά μου μιλά ελληνικά και γαλλικά, ο παππούς μου είναι Άγγλος
  • exploring how cultural identity is manifested in Australian and Greek-speaking communities, for example, through family occasions, community events and festivals, reflecting on the importance of shared understanding
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek, considering how it may add a further dimension to own sense of identity

  VCELC028 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCADRE041

  Manipulate combinations of the elements of drama to develop and convey the physical and psychological aspects of roles and characters consistent with intentions in dramatic forms and performance styles

  Elaborations

  • analyse and create performance highlighting subtext, dramatic tension, atmosphere and mood based on the story, setting, dialogue and stage directions
  • apply the conventions of character in particular forms and performance styles, using research to develop understanding of the conventions and refining use of relevant techniques
  • using questions to build an understanding of ways context can influence creative choices, for example, how does the drama relate to the social context in which it was created? What culturally symbolic movements are evident in this drama? What historical influences might be evident in contemporary drama created by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples? How are global trends in drama influencing Australian drama?

  VCADRE041 | The Arts | Drama | Levels 9 and 10 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVAP044

  Create, present, analyse and evaluate displays of artwork considering how ideas can be conveyed to an audience

  Elaborations

  • visiting galleries, art museums and public art displays, in formal and informal settings, to research the role of the curator and the evaluate the effective display or exhibition of artworks
  • exploring a range of artworks in different settings and discuss how the location can influence the viewer’s understanding of the artwork.
  • developing and expressing ideas as images, objects and spaces for example, presenting artworks and highlight how artworks demonstrate the interaction between the artist and the audience
  • discussing the presentation and relationships of artworks in an exhibition, and how the display enhances the relationship between the artist and audience
  • applying ethical understandings to a theme, concept or subject matter when making their artworks.
  • investigating the role of commercial galleries and collectors in the making of artworks, for example, sponsorship of work and artworks commissioned for a commercial business
  • documenting experiences and observations from visiting an exhibition and apply this knowledge to develop a physical or virtual exhibition of their own or others’ artworks

  VCAVAP044 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 9 and 10 | Present and Perform

• VCTRC077

  Create glossaries and annotations in English that provide explanations for cultural and contextual references in contemporary and traditional Turkish texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying and explaining cultural references in media texts such as letters to the editor or opinion pieces on issues related to traditional or contemporary Turkish culture, for example, Küçük çocukların evlendirilmesi doğru mu? Pazara kadar değil, mezara kadar
  • explaining cultural allusions in texts associated with historical, religious, national or civic events, for example, bir yastıkta kocayın, maşallah, nazar değmesin, Allah kabul etsin, bayramınız mübarek olsun, sıhhatler olsun, kolay gelsin
  • identifying terms associated with particular elements of Turkish culture and lifestyle, such as aile hayatı, batıl inanç, yemek kültürü, yayla ve Türk düğünü, discussing how they exemplify Turkish values, traditions and changes over time, and how they might be understood by non-Turkish speakers
  • creating a bilingual virtual tour of the school for new or intending students, noticing which language ‘works’ most effectively for different elements of the presentation

  VCTRC077 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• Economics and Business: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In Levels 9 and 10, students consider how the Australian economy is performing and the importance of its interactions and relationships with the Asia region and the global economy in achieving growth and prosperity. This includes the significance of trading relationships in supporting prosperous...

  Level description | The Humanities | Economics and Business

• VCHPEM160

  Reflect on how fair play and ethical behaviour can influence the outcomes of movement activities

  Elaborations

  • participating in competitions where players rather than an independent official are responsible for applying the rules
  • discussing the role in promoting fairness and ethical behaviour in sport of organisations such as the Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority, sporting tribunals, Australian Human Rights Commission and the Court of Arbitration for Sport
  • reflect on how equitable participation in group activities can influence outcomes in physical activity
  • investigating the impact of performance-enhancing drugs on individuals and sporting codes

  VCHPEM160 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 9 and 10 | Movement and Physical Activity | Learning through movement