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• VCMNA305

  Extend and apply the index laws to variables, using positive integer indices and the zero index

  Elaborations

  • understanding that index laws apply to variables as well as numbers

  VCMNA305 | Mathematics | Level 9 | Number and Algebra | Patterns and algebra

• Visual Communication Design: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In levels 9 and 10, students build on their awareness of how designers communicate ideas with a specific purpose, to a targeted audience, using different visual communication design practices and viewpoints. They refine their personal aesthetic through their development of knowledge, understanding...

  Level description | The Arts | Visual Communication Design

• VCFRC114

  Respond to a range of traditional and contemporary texts, and compare themes and language style

  Elaborations

  • comparing treatment of particular themes, such as romance, adventure or family, in a range of texts created at different times, identifying changes in values and perspectives over time (for example, les fables, les contes, les dessins animés, la science fiction)
  • creating a shared database of imaginative, performative and expressive texts that they have enjoyed (such as songs, poems, cartoons and films), cross-referencing titles, genres, themes and values, and giving ratings and brief explanations for selections
  • comparing contemporary French and Australian music by reading music magazines, viewing video clips and listening to music stations, identifying similarities and differences in expression, themes and styles of performance
  • reviewing examples of French humour across different times and contexts (for example, le mime, les blagues, les comiques, les dessins animés), and considering similar changes in Australian expressions of humour according to era and context

  VCFRC114 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCGRCU027

  Discuss how the ancient Greek world has influenced the modern world, in its social, political and legal structures; philosophy; literature; arts; and medical and scientific practices

  Elaborations

  • discussing the ancient origins of modern political and legal structures and concepts, such as jury service, elections, trials
  • exploring modern social issues, such as class, the role of women and civil rights, and making comparisons with the Classical Greek period
  • researching the influence of leading Greek intellectuals, such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, on modern Western philosophy
  • discussing influences of Classical Greek literature on modern novels, poetry, drama and film, such as World War I poetry, David Malouf’s Ransom, Anouilh’s Antigone, A Dream of Passion (Medea)
  • recognising the importance of literary genres such as epic, tragedy, comedy, epigram, ode, history, myth
  • viewing artworks to investigate the incorporation of classical techniques and themes by later artists, for example, Botticelli, Michelangelo, Bernini
  • investigating ancient practices in medicine and science still relevant in the modern world, such as the theories of Hippocrates, Democritus, Pythagoras, Archimedes, Eratosthenes, Aristarchus

  VCGRCU027 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | The powerful influence of language and culture

• VCHIU088

  Categorise observed changes to Hindi in domains of use such as education, media, popular culture and intercultural communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying changes in Hindi language forms and communicative styles in domains of use such as IT, diplomacy and commerce
  • classifying words and expressions from other languages that they use in different curriculum areas such as science, visual arts, economics, social studies
  • creating glossaries of terms that originated in other languages that they use in different areas of their own lives, for example, Persian सरकार, Arabic अदालत,Turkish क़ुली and Japanese रिक्शा
  • talking with older members of their families or communities about changes to Hindi across their lifetime, such as the blending of English and Hindi in language used in entertainment, news and sports commentary or advertising
  • analysing the language of the internet in terms of inter-language influences, for example, by identifying examples of Hindi words that have been adapted to accommodate concepts expressed in other languages

  VCHIU088 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCLAU027

  Discuss how the Roman world has influenced modern society, culture and political structures, such as literature, art, medical and scientific practices, government and infrastructure

  Elaborations

  • exploring the ancient origins of modern political and legal structures and concepts, such as republic, balance of power, jurisprudence and judicial precedent, census and elections
  • investigating modern social issues, such as class, the role of women and civil rights, and making comparisons with the Classical period
  • discussing influences of Latin literature on modern novels, poetry, drama and film, such as Book IV of the Aeneid on Miss Saigon, Ovid on David Malouf’s An Imaginary Life, Virgil on Ursula Le Guin’s Lavinia
  • recognising the transmission of literary genres, such as epic, satire, love poetry, epigram, ode
  • investigating famous artists’ incorporation of classical themes and subjects in postclassical sculpture, painting, music, opera, theatre
  • investigating ancient practices in medicine and science still relevant in the modern world, such as Galen’s surgical procedures and Pliny the Elder’s classification of animals and plants

  VCLAU027 | Languages | Latin | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | The powerful influence of language and culture

• VC2M9M02

  solve problems involving very small and very large measurements, timescales and intervals expressed in scientific notation

  Elaborations

  • representing very large and very small real numbers in scientific notation, converting real numbers expressed in scientific notation into decimal form; for example, the approximate geological age of Earth is 4.6 × 10⁹ years, and the mass of a glucose molecule is 2.99 × 10⁻²² grams
  • using knowledge of place value and applying exponent laws to operate with numbers expressed in scientific notation in applied contexts; for example, performing calculations involving extremely small numbers in scientific and other contexts
  • examining the degree of accuracy that different measurement instruments provide in a science laboratory, such as a measuring cylinder compared with a pipette, and recording data values to the correct degree of accuracy using appropriate scientific notation

  VC2M9M02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 9 | Measurement

• Ethical Capability: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In Levels 9 and 10, the curriculum focuses on developing the knowledge, skills and understandings to analyse and evaluate ethical problems and their resolution and to identify and manage contestability in ethical matters. Students reflect on whether there are ethical concepts and principles common...

  Level description | Capabilities | Ethical Capability

• Chinese - Second Language Learner - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students reflect on their understanding of and responses to their experiences when communicating across cultures. They use creative, expressive and persuasive language. They work collaboratively to exchange information and ideas and to share their experiences with other Chinese speakers.

  The systems...

  Level description | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence

• Japanese - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students become more fluent and accurate in spoken and written language production. They gain greater control of grammatical and textual elements. They use expressive and descriptive language as appropriate for different purposes and demonstrate understanding of language variation and change....

  Level description | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence

• Music: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students interpret, rehearse and perform solo and ensemble repertoire in a range of forms and styles. They demonstrate a developing personal voice and technical control, expression and stylistic understanding. They use general listening and specific aural skills to enhance...

  Level description | The Arts | Music | Levels 9 and 10

• Korean - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students extend their grammatical knowledge to a range of particles, conjunctive suffixes (clausal connectives) and complex phrasal and sentential structures. Their vocabulary range expands to abstract words and some specialised vocabulary. With an increasing knowledge and control of language...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence

• VCMMG319

  Use similarity to investigate the constancy of the sine, cosine and tangent ratios for a given angle in right-angled triangles

  Elaborations

  • developing understanding of the relationship between the corresponding sides of similar right-angled triangles

  VCMMG319 | Mathematics | Level 9 | Measurement and Geometry | Pythagoras and trigonometry

• Music: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In Levels 9 and 10, learning in Music involves students using their voices, instruments and technology as they make and respond to music independently and in small groups, and with their teachers and communities. They explore music as an art form through listening, composing and performing, developing...

  Level description | The Arts | Music

• VCMNA306

  Apply the distributive law to the expansion of algebraic expressions, including binomials, and collect like terms where appropriate

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the distributive law can be applied to algebraic expressions as well as numbers
  • understanding the relationship between expansion and factorisation and identifying algebraic factors in algebraic expressions

  VCMNA306 | Mathematics | Level 9 | Number and Algebra | Patterns and algebra

• VCIDC072

  Investigate, synthesise and evaluate information from a range of perspectives in relation to topical issues and concepts from a range of learning areas

  Elaborations

  • comparing and evaluating a range of perspectives on topics such as sport, health, music and religion, and considering why people may hold different perspectives
  • obtaining information in order to debate issues of interest such as the environment, expectations of teenagers, and the generation gap, and cultural practices such as marriage or rites of passage, using persuasive or evaluative language, for example, Saya percaya…, Ini pasti berguna bagi…, mau tidak mau…
  • investigating aspects of Indonesian culture to choose a particular course of action, for example, determining a suitable placement for an Indonesian exchange student, a suitable menu for a group of Indonesian visitors, or an appropriate time of year to visit Indonesia
  • distinguishing between fact and opinion in texts such as articles and reports, and using critical literacy skills to recognise bias, for example, identifying the author, audience and purpose of the text
  • researching a concept or issue, including those drawn from other learning areas such as art, history, science, geography or health
  • identifying and evaluating ways in which values shape content and language in texts such as announcements, surveys, interviews, documentaries, recipes, advertisements, web pages or magazines
  • listening to, viewing and reading texts such as interviews, documentaries and speeches to obtain and synthesise information and use it in new forms, for example, creating a profile of a famous person from an interview

  VCIDC072 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCITC082

  Give information in different forms, offering own views in relation to the content and considering the significance for particular audiences

  Elaborations

  • using models of media texts such as television reports, video clips and social media to create informative texts in spoken and written form, to achieve different purposes, for example, to persuade, to entertain or to inspire, such as a weather report, a sports report, a magazine article about an issue or event, or a travel brochure promoting a local region or product, for example, Il tempo previsto per domani è … L’aspetto più interessante da capire è … Venite in Liguria! Vi aspettiamo! Cosa aspettate? Insomma gli immigrati possono essere una grande risorsa. Le olive siciliane sono le più gustose.
  • designing texts such as an advertisement or magazine cover for a particular audience, making choices about images, cultural references, music and colour, and explaining reasons for choices
  • conveying ideas drawn from different areas of learning (such as health and nutrition, design, or biological science) to inform others, for example, Venite! Ascoltate e provate …! Usalo/a due volte al giorno e non te ne pentirai!

  VCITC082 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• Indonesian - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students engage with a range of Indonesian texts. They are provided with opportunities for both prepared and spontaneous language use. Students interact with others. They write for public purposes and interact with Indonesian peers. They create bilingual texts for peers and the wider school community.

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence

• Korean - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students have an increasing control over Korean pronunciation, writing in Hangeul and using vocabulary, forms and structures, and textual features. They approximate the pronunciation at syllable boundaries applying relevant Korean pronunciation rules, and write polysyllabic words that include...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence

• German - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students expand their knowledge and control of grammatical elements such as register, future tense, reflexive verbs and subordinate clauses. They examine the processes involved in learning and using a different language, recognising cognitive, cultural, personal and linguistic processes. They...

  Level description | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence