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• VCELA024

  Use sounds and facial expressions to affect familiar others

  Elaborations

  • encountering various languages and forms of communication at home, school and in the community
  • experiencing others engaging, communicating and changing things in the world around them
  • reacting to the sounds and voices of familiar others
  • reacting to a range of gestures, signs, images and facial features of familiar others
  • using sounds, noises, gestures, eye gaze etc. to gain attention or request an object, e.g. reaching towards something they want
  • turning towards a communication partner

  VCELA024 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA236

  Identify language that can be used for appreciating texts and the qualities of people and things

  Elaborations

  • exploring how language is used to express feelings including learning vocabulary to express a gradation of feeling, for example ‘happy’, ‘joyful’, ‘pleased’, ‘contented’
  • exploring in stories, everyday and media texts moral and social dilemmas; such as right and wrong, fairness/unfairness, inclusion and exclusion; learning to use language to describe actions and consider consequences
  • exploring how language is used to construct characters and settings in narratives, including choice of nouns such as ‘girl’, ‘princess’ or ‘orphan’, and choice of adjectives such as ‘gentle’, ‘timid’ or ‘frightened’

  VCELA236 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELY223

  Analyse how different texts use nouns to represent people, places, things and ideas in particular ways

  Elaborations

  • discussing the different ways that nouns and noun groups are used in various types of texts, for example, general nouns ('mammals') in information reports and specific nouns ('the neighbour's dog') in narratives

  VCELY223 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELA179

  Explore differences in words that represent people, places and things (nouns, including pronouns), happenings and states (verbs), qualities (adjectives) and details such as when, where and how (adverbs)

  Elaborations

  • talking about effective words that describe a place, person or event
  • learning how a sentence can be made more vivid by adding adjectives, adverbs and unusual verbs

  VCELA179 | Curriculum content | English | Level 1 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA324

  Understand how noun groups/phrases and adjective groups/phrases can be expanded in a variety of ways to provide a fuller description of the person, place, thing or idea

  Elaborations

  • learning how to expand a description by combining a related set of nouns and adjectives – ‘Two old brown cattle dogs sat on the ruined front veranda of the deserted house’
  • observing how descriptive details can be built up around a noun or an adjective, forming a group/phrase (for example, ‘this very smelly cleaning cloth in the sink’ is a noun group/phrase and ‘as pretty as the flowers in May’ is an adjective group/phrase)

  VCELA324 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA216

  Understand that nouns represent people, places, things and ideas and include common, proper, concrete or abstract, and that noun groups/phrases can be expanded using articles and adjectives

  Elaborations

  • exploring texts and identifying nouns that refer to characters, elements of the setting, and ideas
  • exploring illustrations and noun groups/phrases in picture books to identify how the participants have been represented by an illustrator
  • exploring names of people and places and how to write them using capital letters
  • building extended noun groups/phrases that provide a clear description of an item

  VCELA216 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA452

  Understand that Standard Australian English is a living language within which the creation and loss of words and the evolution of usage is ongoing

  Elaborations

  • identifying some of the changes in the grammar of English over time, for example from thee and thou to you
  • exploring examples of ‘Globish’ English

  VCELA452 | Curriculum content | English | Level 9 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA473

  Analyse how higher order concepts are developed in complex texts through language features including nominalisation, clause combinations, technicality and abstraction

  Elaborations

  • considering how nominalisation affects the way in which events are constructed and explained, making some information more explicit and other information less so
  • analysing how logical relations between ideas are built up by combining main with subordinate clauses indicating cause, result, manner, concession, condition, and so on (for example, ‘Although his poems were not generally well received by critics during his life (concession), Keats’ reputation grew substantially after his death’)
  • noting how technicality allows for efficient reference to shared knowledge, indicating growing expertise in the field (for example, ‘The Romantic poetry of Keats is characterised by sensual imagery, most notably in the series of odes.’)
  • observing how abstraction allows for greater generalisation at a higher level (for example, ‘the political, religious, social and economic features of the society’ – which is an abstract noun group/phrase)

  VCELA473 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Writing | Language

• English: Level 7 achievement standards - Reading and Viewing

  By the end of Level 7, students understand how text structures can influence the complexity of a text and are dependent on audience, purpose and context. They demonstrate understanding of how the choice of language features, images and vocabulary affects meaning. They explain issues and ideas...

  Level description | English | Level 7 | Reading and Viewing

• VCELY046

  Attend to texts that have a variety of contexts

  Elaborations

  • comparing and identifying things that are the ‘same’ and ‘different’ within texts
  • exploring texts with the same theme to identify things that are the ‘same’ and ‘different’

  VCELY046 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• English: Level 1 achievement standards - Reading and Viewing

  By the end of Level 1, students understand the different purposes of texts. They make connections to personal experience when explaining characters and main events in short texts. They identify that texts serve different purposes and that this affects how they are organised. They are able to read...

  Level description | English | Level 1 | Reading and Viewing

• English: Level C achievement standards - Speaking and Listening

  Students listen to and interact with others. They use particular greetings to acknowledge people, respond with ‘yes’, ‘no’ or single words to indicate understanding and use a few words and simple phrases. They can share their favourite items or experience with a small group...

  Level description | English | Level C | Speaking and Listening

• VCELA430

  Compare and contrast the use of cohesive devices in texts, focusing on how they serve to signpost ideas, to make connections and to build semantic associations between ideas

  Elaborations

  • sequencing and developing an argument using basic language structures that suggest conclusions (‘therefore’, ‘thus’ and ‘so’) or give reasons (‘since’, ‘because’) or suggest conditionals (‘if’… ‘then’)

  VCELA430 | Curriculum content | English | Level 9 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• English: Level 3 achievement standards - Reading and Viewing

  By the end of Level 3, students understand how content can be organised using different text structures depending on the purpose of the text. They understand how language features, images and vocabulary choices are used for different effects. They read texts that contain varied sentence structures...

  Level description | English | Level 3 | Reading and Viewing

• VCELT409

  Interpret and analyse language choices, including sentence patterns, dialogue, imagery and other language features, in short stories, literary essays and plays

  Elaborations

  • select an aspect of a text such as a sentence pattern or an image or word and adapt it for a new context explaining how the change will affect meaning

  VCELT409 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELY081

  Explore some familiar texts and images used in the community

  Elaborations

  • exploring the texts, images and objects associated with cultural events.
  • investigating different ways texts can express the same things in different contexts

  VCELY081 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELT242

  Compare opinions about characters, events and settings in and between texts

  Elaborations

  • discussing each others’ preferences for stories set in familiar or unfamiliar worlds, or about people whose lives are like or unlike their own

  VCELT242 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Speaking and Listening | Literature

• VCELA224

  Understand how texts are made cohesive by the use of resources, including word associations, synonyms, and antonyms

  Elaborations

  • exploring how texts develop their themes and ideas, building information by connecting similar and contrasting dissimilar things
  • mapping examples of word associations in texts, for example words that refer to the main character

  VCELA224 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Writing | Language

• VCELA428

  Investigate how evaluation can be expressed directly and indirectly using devices, including allusion, evocative vocabulary and metaphor

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts that use evaluative language in different ways – print advertisements, editorials, talkback radio and poetry – and identifying wordings that appraise things indirectly, through evocative language, similes and metaphors that direct the views of the readers in particular ways

  VCELA428 | Curriculum content | English | Level 9 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELY035

  React to others sharing and delivering a presentation on a personally or culturally relevant event

  Elaborations

  • encountering people communicating information
  • being exposed to commentary on objects, images and things in the environment
  • experiencing and responding to a variety of people and interactions
  • reacting to some elements of an interaction with a familiar adult, for example smiling or speaking

  VCELY035 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Literacy