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• VCELA324

  Understand how noun groups/phrases and adjective groups/phrases can be expanded in a variety of ways to provide a fuller description of the person, place, thing or idea

  Elaborations

  • learning how to expand a description by combining a related set of nouns and adjectives – ‘Two old brown cattle dogs sat on the ruined front veranda of the deserted house’
  • observing how descriptive details can be built up around a noun or an adjective, forming a group/phrase (for example, ‘this very smelly cleaning cloth in the sink’ is a noun group/phrase and ‘as pretty as the flowers in May’ is an adjective group/phrase)

  VCELA324 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA216

  Understand that nouns represent people, places, things and ideas and include common, proper, concrete or abstract, and that noun groups/phrases can be expanded using articles and adjectives

  Elaborations

  • exploring texts and identifying nouns that refer to characters, elements of the setting, and ideas
  • exploring illustrations and noun groups/phrases in picture books to identify how the participants have been represented by an illustrator
  • exploring names of people and places and how to write them using capital letters
  • building extended noun groups/phrases that provide a clear description of an item

  VCELA216 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA214

  Understand that simple connections can be made between ideas by using a compound sentence with two or more clauses usually linked by a coordinating conjunction

  Elaborations

  • learning how to express ideas using compound sentences
  • learning how to join simple sentences with conjunctions, for example ‘and’, ‘but’ or ‘so’, to construct compound sentences

  VCELA214 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA157

  Understand that spoken sounds and words can be written and know how to write some high-frequency words and other familiar words including their name

  Elaborations

  • recognising the most common sound made by each letter of the alphabet, including consonants and short vowel sounds
  • writing consonant-vowel-consonant words by writing letters to represent the sounds in the spoken words
  • knowing that spoken words are written down by listening to the sounds heard in the word and then writing letters to represent those sounds

  VCELA157 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Writing | Language

• VCELT465

  Compare and evaluate how ‘voice’ as a literary device can be used in a range of different types of texts such as poetry to evoke particular emotional responses

  Elaborations

  • creating extended written responses to literary texts, making reference to varying points of view about the issues raised

  VCELT465 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELY162

  Understand that sounds in English are represented by upper- and lower-case letters that can be written using learned letter formation patterns for each case

  Elaborations

  • adopting correct posture and pencil grip
  • learning to produce simple handwriting movements
  • following clear demonstrations of how to construct each letter (for example where to start; which direction to write)
  • learning to construct lower-case letters and to combine these into words
  • learning to construct some upper-case letters

  VCELY162 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Writing | Literacy

• VCELY317

  Show how ideas and points of view in texts are conveyed through the use of vocabulary, including idiomatic expressions, objective and subjective language, and that these can change according to context

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement

  VCELY317 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELA472

  Analyse and evaluate the effectiveness of a wide range of sentence and clause structures as authors design and craft texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising how emphasis in sentences can be changed by reordering clauses (for example, ‘She made her way home because she was feeling ill’ as compared with ‘Because she was feeling ill, she made her way home’) or parts of clauses (for example, ‘The horses raced up from the valley’ as compared with ‘Up from the valley raced the horses’)
  • recognising how the focus of a sentence can be changed through the use of the passive voice (for example compare active, ‘The police had caught the thief.’ with passive ‘The thief had been caught.’)
  • observing how authors sometimes use verbless clauses for effect (for example, ‘And what about the other woman? With her long black eyelashes and red lipstick’)
  • understanding that a sentence can begin with a coordinating conjunction for stylistic effect (for example, ‘And she went on planning to herself how she would manage it’)

  VCELA472 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Writing | Language

• VCELT448

  Create literary texts, including hybrid texts, that innovate on aspects of other texts, including through the use of parody, allusion and appropriation

  Elaborations

  • creating a contemporary parody of an historical text to highlight changes in societal attitudes

  VCELT448 | Curriculum content | English | Level 9 | Writing | Literature

• VCELY486

  Plan, rehearse and deliver presentations, selecting and sequencing appropriate content and multimodal elements to influence a course of action, speaking clearly and using logic, imagery and rhetorical devices in order to engage audiences

  Elaborations

  • using assumptions about listeners, viewers and readers to try to position them to accept a particular point of view

  VCELY486 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Speaking and Listening | Literacy

• VCELT440

  Interpret and analyse language choices, including sentence patterns, dialogue, imagery and other language features, in short stories, literary essays and plays

  Elaborations

  • identifying examples of language devices in a range of poems, ballads or poetic extracts, and considering how their use adds to meaning and may also influence the emotional responses of listeners or readers, in varying ways
  • exploring how language devices look or sound in written or spoken texts, how they can be identified, purposes they serve and what effect they might have on how the audience responds
  • taking a particular area of study, a topic or theme and examining how different authors make use of devices like myth, icons and imagery in their work

  VCELT440 | Curriculum content | English | Level 9 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELA164

  Understand that English is one of many languages spoken in Australia and that different languages may be spoken by family, classmates and community

  Elaborations

  • learning that different languages exist; discussing the various languages encountered in the community and at school; acknowledging the home languages of students who speak another language, and valuing the ability to speak more than one language
  • recognising that some texts can include both Standard Australian English and elements of other languages including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages

  VCELA164 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Speaking and Listening | Language

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Writing

  Students understand how language features and language patterns can be used for emphasis. They show how specific details can be used to support a point of view. They explain how their choices of language features and images are used. They use banks of known words and the less familiar words they...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Writing

• VCELA310

  Investigate how the organisation of texts into chapters, headings, subheadings, home pages and sub pages for online texts and according to chronology or topic can be used to predict content and assist navigation

  Elaborations

  • mapping topic words related to sub-headings

  VCELA310 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA218

  Recognise most letter–sound matches including silent letters, trigraphs, vowel digraphs and common long vowels, and understand that a sound can be represented by various letter combinations

  Elaborations

  • recognising when some letters are silent, for example knife, listen, castle, and providing the sound for less common sound-letter matches, for example ‘tion’

  VCELA218 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• English: Foundation Level achievement standards - Speaking and Listening

  Students listen to and use appropriate interaction skills to respond to others in a familiar environment. They can identify rhyme, letter patterns and sounds in words. Students understand that their texts can reflect their own experiences. They identify and describe likes and dislikes about familiar...

  Level description | English | Foundation Level | Speaking and Listening

• English: Level A achievement standards - Writing

  When experiencing coactive writing activities, students make choices between objects and images and accept and reject objects and activities. Students develop their fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination and they move their hands in response to tactile stimuli. Students can demonstrate their...

  Level description | English | Level A | Writing

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Reading and Viewing

  By the end of Level 6, students understand how to use knowledge of phonics when decoding familiar words and the technical or derived words in increasingly complex texts. They understand how the use of text structures can achieve particular effects and can analyse and explain how language features...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Reading and Viewing

• English: Level 4 achievement standards - Speaking and Listening

  Students can collaborate, listen for key points in discussions and use the information to carry out tasks. They use language features to create coherence and add detail to their texts. They understand how to express an opinion based on information in a text. They create texts that show understanding...

  Level description | English | Level 4 | Speaking and Listening

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Speaking and Listening

  Students listen to discussions, clarifying content and challenging others’ ideas. They understand how language features and language patterns can be used for emphasis. They show how specific details can be used to support a point of view. They explain how their choices of language features and...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Speaking and Listening