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• VCEALL285

  Use knowledge of base words to read new forms

  Elaborations

  • attempting to read new forms of familiar words, and self-correcting using knowledge of base words and common morphemes, such as ‘walk, walked, walks’

  VCEALL285 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL051

  Recognise some common letters and letter patterns in words

  Elaborations

  • identifying common letters or letter patterns in words in letter charts, familiar books or other texts
  • locating particular letters, both lower-case and capital, in a short text when prompted
  • locating words containing the same letter patterns in a short text, for example words containing ‘ch’ or all the words with double letters

  VCEALL051 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL202

  Use basic terminology of reading

  Elaborations

  • understanding terminology such as ‘book’, ‘author’, ‘picture’, ‘word’

  VCEALL202 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL493

  Repeat short modelled utterances with understanding

  Elaborations

  • listening to and reproducing the sequence of ideas in a short spoken report or recount

  VCEALL493 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL364

  Read texts that contain compound and complex sentences

  Elaborations

  • reading a small range of factual and fictional texts
  • understanding common coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’) and subordinating conjunctions (such as ‘because’, ‘if’, ‘before’)

  VCEALL364 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL183

  Repeat or re-pronounce words or phrases, when prompted, if not understood

  Elaborations

  • attending to the listener’s body language and speech to determine whether own speech has been understood
  • attempting to re-pronounce words using different pronunciation

  VCEALL183 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL441

  Understand the cohesion of ideas between and within paragraphs

  Elaborations

  • locating the topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph, and finding the key words to identify the main idea
  • reordering sentences in a paragraph to follow a logical order of ideas and language
  • sequencing sentences using conjunctions of time (for example ‘then’, ‘next’, ‘first’, ‘after’) to make a cohesive paragraph
  • understanding items referred to by pronouns, and tracing these references through a text

  VCEALL441 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL502

  Repeat or re-pronounce words or phrases, when prompted, if not understood

  Elaborations

  • responding to feedback from the listener if speech has not been understood
  • attempting to re-pronounce words using different pronunciation

  VCEALL502 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL054

  Adopt the teacher’s intonation patterns when reading familiar texts

  Elaborations

  • listening to a teacher or peer read the text aloud, rehearsing and imitating pronunciation, intonation and emphasis
  • chorusing reading with the teacher and peers

  VCEALL054 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL255

  Use a small range of basic verb forms accurately

  Elaborations

  • matching simple verb tense to time words, such as ‘Yesterday we went …’, ‘Now we can eat lunch’, ‘Tomorrow we will go …’
  • maintaining consistent tense when describing events in the past, present and future, for example ‘I walked to his house and we played games’
  • using ‘no’ or ‘not’ with verbs, adjectives and nouns to express negative forms, such as ‘Not play’, ‘I no sad’, ‘Me no’

  VCEALL255 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL536

  Write sentences that reflect oral language with some examples of correct word order

  Elaborations

  • writing short, simple expressions to label personal drawings, reflecting an early stage of oral language development, such as ‘Live here’, ‘Go to play’
  • writing sentences with a level of detail that may not follow standard word order, such as ‘We went yesterday to the supermarket’, ‘My friend and me we see car blue’

  VCEALL536 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL689

  Construct a range of sentence types

  Elaborations

  • constructing statements, questions and commands with consistent accuracy
  • experimenting with tag endings on questions, for example ‘You didn’t tell him, did you?’, ‘It goes back here, doesn’t it?’

  VCEALL689 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL580

  Demonstrate awareness of basic sentence and question patterns

  Elaborations

  • ordering words and phrases to create grammatical and logical sentences and questions
  • pointing out the subject, verb and object in sentences such as ‘She bought some fruit’
  • identifying question words such as ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘why’

  VCEALL580 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL724

  Write cohesive texts for a range of purposes

  Elaborations

  • connecting ideas and information at the whole-text level, for example writing topic sentences to focus paragraphs, and to connect paragraphs to the introduction and conclusion
  • ordering ideas in a paragraph so that they follow a logical sequence, for example chronological order, most common to least common examples

  VCEALL724 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL756

  Use pronunciation, intonation, volume and stress to support meaning

  Elaborations

  • modelling intonation, volume, stress and pacing on the speech of others such as teachers, peers, performers or presenters
  • adjusting features of speech to support and convey meaning, such as modifying mood in storytelling or giving emphasis in persuasive speech
  • using intonation, volume and stress to emphasise an opinion or emotion, such as ‘That is NOT what happened’

  VCEALL756 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL366

  Use knowledge of sentence structure to predict words or self-correct

  Elaborations

  • self-correcting when reading does not make sense, using knowledge of similar sentences in a repetitive text, or previously learnt sentence structures
  • predicting sentence endings when reading, based on previously learnt grammar, though these predictions may not match the text

  VCEALL366 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL234

  Use high-frequency words accurately, although sometimes repetitively

  Elaborations

  • using repetitive sentence beginnings
  • using some evaluative vocabulary, for example ‘good’, ‘nice’ ‘I like’

  VCEALL234 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL647

  Read and understand sentences containing a small range of descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • understanding an expanding range of describers and classifiers in noun groups, for example ‘small cute animals’ and ‘introduced wild animals’
  • understanding simple comparatives, for example ‘smaller’, ‘more expensive’

  VCEALL647 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL695

  Identify specific pronunciation problems that need attention

  Elaborations

  • identifying key words in a text that may pose pronunciation problems, based on general guidance from the teacher, such as ‘Highlight all the words ending in a consonant’
  • articulating specific difficulties with pronunciation, such as ‘I can’t tell the difference between “walk” and “work”’

  VCEALL695 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL475

  Create mood and feeling through the selection of appropriate vocabulary and idiom

  Elaborations

  • choosing vocabulary to express shades of meaning, for example choosing for effect ‘cloudy’, ‘gloomy’ or ‘bleak’
  • understanding differences between specialised and colloquial language, for example ‘feline’, ‘cat’ and ‘moggy’
  • using some idioms learnt from reading and viewing, in creative or personal writing

  VCEALL475 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features