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• VCEALL541

  Spell familiar, simple words correctly, using knowledge of letter–sound relationships

  Elaborations

  • spelling some high-frequency words accurately from memory, including own name and short words used regularly, such as ‘it’, ‘my’, ‘we’
  • representing new and unfamiliar words by their initial letters
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary list to check and confirm spelling

  VCEALL541 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL028

  Use intelligible pronunciation but with many pauses and hesitations

  Elaborations

  • imitating and rehearsing pronunciation for familiar and commonly used words
  • accurately pronouncing a small range of familiar words, including personal language, classroom language, some basic topic vocabulary
  • pronouncing familiar individual words clearly and pausing between words rather than using fluent phrasing

  VCEALL028 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL796

  Use a range of digital formats and images to enhance meaning and impact

  Elaborations

  • producing texts in a range of digital formats, such as text documents, slides, infographics, simple websites, videos
  • using advanced writing and formatting functions in software applications, such as spellchecker, font styles, paragraph formatting
  • using modal verbs, including with complex tenses, such as ‘They should not have to go’, ‘This needs to be considered’

  VCEALL796 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA096

  Ask for translation of specific words from other home language speakers

  Elaborations

  • formulating questions in English and home language to clarify classroom instructions or new ideas and vocabulary
  • drawing on a range of shared languages to negotiate meaning and clarify information
  • understanding responses from peers that combine function words and topic words in home language and English
  • recording translations of new words in personal vocabulary lists, including words and definitions in English and home language

  VCEALA096 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA249

  Use appropriate non-verbal communication to sustain interaction with others

  Elaborations

  • using appropriate non-verbal communication to support meaning, such as eye contact, facial expression, gesture, posture
  • using strategies to assess engagement and understanding of listeners, including checking for attentive posture or confused facial expressions
  • asking teacher or peers about appropriate behaviour in certain situations, for example ‘Should I give eye contact?’, ‘Is it OK to shake hands?’

  VCEALA249 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA556

  Transfer knowledge from home language to English learning

  Elaborations

  • drawing on content and background knowledge from home language, including referring to some specific curriculum area vocabulary in home language
  • using features of home language spoken discourse, for example calling the teacher ‘Teacher’ rather than using their name or title
  • using home language in learning, for example taking notes or writing vocabulary lists

  VCEALA556 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC084

  Respond appropriately in a range of common social and classroom situations

  Elaborations

  • responding with short extended responses including answering questions, adding to other speakers’ points, giving personal opinions
  • expressing ideas, humour and simple opinions, and describing feelings, for example ‘I am very happy’
  • giving a short presentation to a group on a familiar topic, such as sharing or recounting a personal experience
  • borrowing key topic words and question structures to help formulate responses

  VCEALC084 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC137

  Write beyond the immediate environment and beyond known language with support from the teacher

  Elaborations

  • following the structure of model texts, such as the use of a greeting, sequence of events and reflection in a diary
  • altering phrases and sentences modelled in a class text to include personal and imaginative details
  • recounting personal experiences in a blog or diary, based on reading similar texts in class
  • writing imaginative texts adapted from or in response to classroom texts, for example following the same narrative structure, writing about a character in a new setting

  VCEALC137 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALL416

  Use basic and some complex verb forms accurately

  Elaborations

  • applying verb tenses more consistently, for example using most common irregular past tenses, such as ‘came’, ‘gave’, ‘thought’, ‘said’
  • using correct subject–verb agreement with simple and some complex tenses, such as ‘I go’, ‘She goes’, ‘My cousin has come to visit’
  • forming multi-word negatives accurately, for example including auxiliary and modal verbs (‘He did not need to carry that’) or expressing more complex tense (‘She has not started yet’)

  VCEALL416 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL080

  Spell with accuracy some consonant–vowel–consonant words and common words learnt in the classroom

  Elaborations

  • spelling some high-frequency words accurately from memory, including own name, short words used regularly, and consonant–vowel–consonant words such as ‘bag’, ‘top’, ‘get’
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists to check and confirm the spelling of high-frequency words
  • recording high-frequency words in a personal vocabulary list

  VCEALL080 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL691

  Use longer descriptive phrase

  Elaborations

  • using possessive pronouns, for example ‘Their habitats’, ‘Its colours’
  • including some simple quantifiers, such as ‘some’, ‘a few’, ‘many’, ‘any’; for example ‘Their few small habitats’
  • using an expanding range of adjectives as describers and qualifiers, for example ‘The bird’s unusual colours’
  • using adverbs and levels of possibility as modifiers to add detail to verbs, for example ‘He trains diligently’, ‘She will definitely succeed’

  VCEALL691 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL468

  Use a range of devices to maintain cohesion

  Elaborations

  • using conjunctions to show adding, cause, contrast or time, such as ‘When we went to the zoo the lions were sleeping. After lunch they woke up and then they roared’
  • using reference items to maintain cohesion, including pronouns (‘she’, ‘him’, ‘it’, ‘their’)
  • connecting ideas using a small range of conjunctions (‘so’, ‘and then’) and connectives (‘Therefore’, ‘In addition’)

  VCEALL468 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL123

  Identify and compare differences in text genres

  Elaborations

  • accessing a range of text types, including recount, report, procedure, narrative, poem, song, slideshow, web page, podcast
  • identifying the topic and structure of a text based on its layout and visual appearance, for example use of headings or images
  • answering questions about text purpose and organisation, for example ‘Which text tells us how to do something?’, ‘Which texts use headings?’
  • matching labels to sections of a learnt text type

  VCEALL123 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL476

  Format texts appropriately for the purpose

  Elaborations

  • following a logical or conventional text structure, for example including a headline, byline, photograph and caption in a news story
  • adapting the basic structure of a text type to a range of media, for example formatting an information report as a document, poster or simple website
  • using a range of tools in a software application to format and lay out a digital text, for example using text boxes, font styles and image formatting

  VCEALL476 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL627

  Use simple descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • constructing noun groups using an expanding range of describers and classifiers, for example ‘majestic tall trees’, ‘native evergreen trees’
  • using simple comparatives to describe attributes, for example ‘bigger’, ‘more colourful’
  • beginning to use qualifiers, including relative clauses, such as ‘Animals that feed on plants are called …’
  • beginning to use non-finite clauses to add detail, for example ‘Make the batter smooth by mixing it carefully’

  VCEALL627 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL279

  Identify and compare differences between text types

  Elaborations

  • accessing a range of text types including recount, report, narrative, slideshow, web page, podcast
  • identifying the topic and structure of a text based on its layout and visual appearance, for example use of headings or illustrations
  • answering questions about text purpose and organisation, for example ‘Which text tells us how to do something?’, ‘Which texts use headings?’

  VCEALL279 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL075

  Demonstrate some control of basic verb forms

  Elaborations

  • using a range of common action verbs (‘sit’, ‘eat’, ‘play’), sensing verbs (‘want’, ‘like’) and relating verbs (‘be’, ‘have’)
  • controlling simple past tense for common verbs, including some regular verbs (such as ‘played’, ‘liked’) and some common irregular verbs (such as ‘went’, ‘was’, ‘saw’)
  • using inconsistent use of tense within a sentence, for example ‘I went to the park and playing footy’
  • expressing negatives in the most basic forms, for example ‘I no like’

  VCEALL075 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA035

  Understand that texts are meaningful

  Elaborations

  • recognising that everyday texts are meaningful, for example asking the teacher to read a sign aloud
  • showing awareness that print and visual texts are created to share a message
  • understanding that print texts contain a consistent message, for example indicating when the ending of a well-known story varies
  • understanding that different texts have different purposes, including picture books, class blogs, reports
  • selecting from familiar texts to achieve a specific purpose, for example ‘Which chart tells us about time?’
  • recalling the key message of sections of a familiar text that is revisited in class

  VCEALA035 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALL471

  Write using extended descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • writing extended noun phrases, such as ‘a large shark with sharp teeth’, using an expanding range of elements including pointers (‘a’, ‘the’, ‘my’), concrete and abstract key nouns (‘shark’, ‘packet’, ‘idea’), describers (‘large’, ‘empty’, ‘excellent’), classifiers (‘endangered’, ‘recyclable’, ‘financial’) and simple qualifiers (‘with sharp teeth’, ‘in my bag’)
  • applying rules for expressing comparisons, such as ‘as … as’, ‘more … than’, ‘–er than’
  • using short relative clauses to expand descriptions, for example ‘The girl who was late had to go to the office’

  VCEALL471 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features