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• VCGGC086

  Identify and describe locations and describe and explain spatial distributions and patterns

  Elaborations

  • using geographical tools, such as printed and electronic atlases, to identify the relative location of Europe and North America and their environmental characteristics
  • mapping and explaining the location, frequency and severity of bushfires or flooding in Australia
  • explaining why most Australians live close to the coast rather than in inland Australia

  VCGGC086 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK122

  The causes and consequences of urbanisation, drawing on a study from Indonesia

  Elaborations

  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do
  • exploring the connections between urbanisation and economic and social opportunities
  • examining how urbanisation can affect environmental quality. For example, carbon emissions and water consumption

  VCGGK122 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Changing nations

• Geography: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students describe and explain spatial characteristics and characteristics of places from local to global scales. They describe and explain interconnections and their effects. They identify and describe locations including the major countries of Europe, North America and Asia.

  T...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6

• VCGGC085

  Describe and explain the diverse characteristics of places in different locations from local to global scales

  Elaborations

  • researching the population size and density of a selection of countries around the world
  • exploring the diversity of environments and types of settlement, in the Asia region, or in part of the region, or in a country in either North-East, South-East or South Asia and discussing any patterns
  • researching the proportions of the Australian population and of the population from their local area who were born in each world cultural region, using data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and then comparing aspects of selected cultures
  • investigating the similarities and differences in languages, religions and spiritual traditions between Australia and selected countries of the Asia region and other parts of the world
  • examining how the use of space within an area may be influenced by designation of land, for example, national parks, reserves, significant sites

  VCGGC085 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGC132

  Analyse and evaluate data, maps and other geographical information using digital and spatial technologies and Geographical Information Systems as appropriate, to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions that use geographical terminology

  Elaborations

  • constructing a graph to show the relationship between growth in world population and world food production
  • comparing maps showing transport networks with survey responses on personal mobility
  • analysing environmental change, such as the clearance of vegetation or a plan for a vegetation corridor, using topographic maps and satellite images
  • identifying the relevant layers of a Geographical Information System and using them to investigate how they can portray and analyse demographic, economic and environmental data, and investigating the use of GIS by organisations.
  • testing conclusions by considering alternative points of view about an area of investigation and providing a response using as organisers at least two of the concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, scale and change

  VCGGC132 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• The Humanities | Geography: Structure

  Geography is organised by two strands: Geographical Concepts and Skills and Geographical Knowledge.

  Strand: Geographical Concepts and Skills

  Sub-strands
  Place, space and interconnection
  Data and information

  Strand: Geographical Knowledge

  Level	Sub-strands
  Levels A – D Foundation – Level 2	Places a...

  Overview material | Geography

• VCGGC061

  Represent data and the location of places and their features by constructing tables, plans and labelled maps

  Elaborations

  • making a map to show how a bird would see a place (birds-eye view), using pictures or models of objects
  • completing a table to show the significant features or uses of different places
  • locating on an outline map the places they are connected to, or the places they visit for shopping, recreation, family, personal or other reasons
  • investigating how symbols are used to represent categories of objects and categorising drawings or images of environmental features of the local place into natural, managed and constructed features

  VCGGC061 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC100

  Identify, analyse and explain spatial distributions and patterns and identify and explain their implications

  Elaborations

  • interpreting the spatial distribution of rainfall in Australia and comparing it with that of other continents
  • comparing accessibility to and availability of a range of services and facilities between different types of settlements (urban, rural and remote) in Australia and other countries. For example, shops, access to clean water, sanitation, education and health services
  • investigating the natural causes and spatial distribution of a geomorphological hazard. For example, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and avalanches
  • exploring the arguments for and against a more balanced distribution of the urban population

  VCGGC100 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK136

  Human alteration of biomes to produce food, industrial materials and fibres, and the environmental effects of these alterations

  Elaborations

  • identifying the biomes in Australia and overseas that produce some of the foods and plant material people consume
  • investigating ways that the production of food and fibre has altered some biomes through, for example, vegetation clearance, introduction of exotic species, drainage, terracing and irrigation
  • using the concept of a system to identify the differences between natural and agricultural ecosystems in flows of nutrients and water, and in biodiversity

  VCGGK136 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Biomes and food security

• Geography: Levels 3 and 4 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 4, students identify and describe spatial characteristics, and the characteristics of places and environments at a range of scales. They identify and explain interconnections and identify and describe locations, including Australia’s neighbouring countries and Africa and South America.

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4

• VCGGC099

  Explain processes that influence the characteristics of places

  Elaborations

  • explaining the physical causes and the temporal and spatial patterns of an atmospheric or hydrological hazard through a study of either droughts, storms, tropical cyclones or floods
  • exploring the geomorphology of the land and how this affects the liveability of a place
  • contrasting the effects of geomorphic processes that lower the land surface (weathering and erosion) and those that raise the land surface (transportation and deposition)
  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do

  VCGGC099 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK151

  Reasons and consequences for spatial variations in human wellbeing on a regional scale within India or another country of the Asia region; and on a local scale in Australia

  Elaborations

  • examining spatial data on human wellbeing in India to identify the regions with different levels of wellbeing, identifying patterns and debating explanations of the differences
  • examining how a person’s wellbeing is influenced by where they live, with reference to at least two different scales in a country of the Asia region
  • researching spatial differences in the wellbeing of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population across Australia, and the extent to which these differences depend on how wellbeing is measured
  • explaining the spatial pattern of human wellbeing in Australia at a local scale, such as within a city or region, and its causes

  VCGGK151 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Geographies of human wellbeing

• VCGGK080

  The many Countries/Places of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples throughout Australia, and the custodial responsibility they have for Country/Place, and how this influences views about sustainability

  Elaborations

  • investigating how the Australian continent was (and still is) divided into many Aboriginal Countries and Torres Strait Islander Places, drawing on languages maps, geographical features and other sources such as Traditional Owners
  • compare the characteristics of two Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Countries/Places. For example, where students live and one elsewhere in Australia
  • exploring how oral traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were used to describe Country/Place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia and investigating how Aboriginal people were able to trade across the continent
  • investigating how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ ways of living were adapted to the resources of their Country/Place. For example, the alpine country of the Ngarigo People, the rainforests, beaches and dunes of the KuKu Yalanji People, the desert country of the Arrernte People, the savannah country of the Jawoyn People, the riverine plains of the Wiradjuri People, and the local Country/Place

  VCGGK080 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK096

  Environmental and human influences on the location and characteristics of places and the management of spaces within them

  Elaborations

  • comparing how people have responded to climatic conditions in similar and different places and factors that may have influenced this such as culture and technology
  • investigating the influence of landforms on the development of settlements that are involved in food and fibre production. For example, river valleys such as the Murray-Darling, Yellow (Huang He), Yangtze, Amazon, Mekong or Ganges
  • explaining why most Australians live close to the coast rather than in inland Australia
  • examining how the use of the space within their local place is organised through zoning
  • investigating a current local planning issue, such as the redevelopment of a site, preservation of open space or subdivision of farming land, exploring why people have different views on the issue, and developing a class response to it

  VCGGK096 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• Geography: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students explain processes that influence the characteristics of places. They identify, analyse and explain interconnections and spatial characteristics and identity and explain their implications.

  They compare strategies for a geographical challenge, taking into account...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8

• The Humanities | Geography: Scope and Sequence

  The curriculum sets out what students are expected to learn and is designed as a continuum of learning. The curriculum is being presented in a scope and sequence chart to support teachers to easily see the progression and assist in planning teaching and learning programs to meet the diverse...

  Overview material | Geography

• VCGGC072

  Identify and describe locations and spatial distributions and patterns

  Elaborations

  • using geographical tools, such as a globe, wall map or electronic atlas, to locate the states and territories, major cities and regional centres in their own state, and then naming them
  • identifying the pattern of population distribution across Australia
  • identifying and locating examples of the main climatic types in Australia and the world, for example, equatorial, tropical, arid, semi-arid, temperate and Mediterranean

  VCGGC072 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGC127

  Predict changes in the characteristics of places over time and identify the possible implications of change for the future

  Elaborations

  • researching the potential of agricultural production in northern Australia
  • discussing the effects of people's cultural and leisure choices on towns and cities or heritage areas. For example, predicting how changing choices may affect these and other places in the future
  • evaluating the effects of international demand for food products on biodiversity throughout the world, in the places of their production
  • identifying trends in human wellbeing in countries over time

  VCGGC127 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK083

  Similarities and differences in individuals’ and groups’ feelings and perceptions about places, and how they influence views about the protection of these places

  Elaborations

  • reading and viewing poems, songs, paintings and stories concerning people’s feelings about places as part of an exploration of the factors that influence views on the protection of places
  • discussing why it is important to protect places that have special significance for people. For example, a wetland, a site sacred to Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples , a national park or a World Heritage site
  • designing actions that people could take to protect and improve places in the local area that people perceive as important and discussing the likely reactions of different groups of people to these ideas

  VCGGK083 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGC128

  Identify, analyse and explain significant spatial distributions and patterns and identify and evaluate their implications, over time and at different scales

  Elaborations

  • identifying and describing the major aquatic and terrestrial biomes of Australia and the world, and their spatial distribution
  • examining how information and communication technologies have made it possible for places in India and the Philippines, for example, to provide a range of global business services
  • proposing geographical management strategies for the environmental change being investigated, for example, establishing reserves and corridors to preserve biodiversity (a spatial strategy), ecosystem-based management (an environmental strategy), urban planning to reduce energy consumption (a spatial strategy), and addressing the underlying as well as immediate causes of environmental change (holistic thinking)
  • examining spatial data on human wellbeing in India to identify the regions with different levels of wellbeing, identifying patterns and debating explanations of the differences

  VCGGC128 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection