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• VCGGC104

  Analyse maps and other geographical data and information using digital and spatial technologies as appropriate, to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions that use geographical terminology

  Elaborations

  • using aerial images of contrasting places to identify differences in housing density
  • using graphs, weather maps and satellite images to examine the temporal and spatial patterns of a selected hydrological hazard in Australia and another region of the world, such as countries of the Asia region, or from the Pacific region
  • using digital maps and overlays of an area to observe, describe and contrast the spatial associations of geographical phenomena. For example, the relationship between economic activities and river systems and the availability of surface water
  • interpreting topographic maps and digital terrain models, cross-sections or block diagrams to investigate landforms and their features
  • reviewing the results of an analysis to propose and defend answers to a question, emphasising at least one of the geographical concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, scale or change

  VCGGC104 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC090

  Interpret maps and other geographical data and information using digital and spatial technologies as appropriate, to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions that use geographical terminology

  Elaborations

  • interpret a variety of thematic maps to investigate the environmental and human characteristics of Europe, North America and the Asia region
  • using climate graphs they have constructed to interpret and compare the climate of different places
  • identifying possible relationships by comparing maps of spatial distributions, for example, maps of vegetation and incidence of bushfires, or the per capita income of countries and life expectancy
  • presenting a report using graphics and maps as evidence of an investigation into a local environmental or planning issue and using geographical terms, such as relative location, scale, climate, cultural diversity , reflecting on what they have learned, and suggesting additional questions that could be investigated
  • exploring cause-and-effect relationships, for example, between low income and poor health, using graphic organisers and concept maps

  VCGGC090 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• The Humanities | Geography: Learning in Geography

  Concepts

  The Geography curriculum identifies the concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, scale and change, as integral to the development of geographical understanding. These are high-level ideas or ways of thinking that can be applied across the subject to identify...

  Overview material | Geography

• VCGGC132

  Analyse and evaluate data, maps and other geographical information using digital and spatial technologies and Geographical Information Systems as appropriate, to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions that use geographical terminology

  Elaborations

  • constructing a graph to show the relationship between growth in world population and world food production
  • comparing maps showing transport networks with survey responses on personal mobility
  • analysing environmental change, such as the clearance of vegetation or a plan for a vegetation corridor, using topographic maps and satellite images
  • identifying the relevant layers of a Geographical Information System and using them to investigate how they can portray and analyse demographic, economic and environmental data, and investigating the use of GIS by organisations.
  • testing conclusions by considering alternative points of view about an area of investigation and providing a response using as organisers at least two of the concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, scale and change

  VCGGC132 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC131

  Select, organise and represent data and information in different forms, including by constructing special purpose maps that conform to cartographic conventions, using digital and spatial technologies as appropriate

  Elaborations

  • creating a diagram to illustrate the flows of nutrients and energy within a biome, and the alterations to these flows produced by agriculture
  • developing a table to show the types of challenges to food production in Australia compared to other areas of the world, or the ways that places and people are interconnected through trade
  • using scatter plots of data for countries or smaller areas to investigate the relationship between two variables, such as per capita income and life expectancy for countries, and to identify anomalies
  • creating a map to show the relationship between biomes and world food production, using a spatial technologies application
  • constructing and interpreting choropleth maps to show patterns of human wellbeing at a local scale

  VCGGC131 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGK134

  Environmental, economic and technological factors that influence crop yields in Australia and across the world

  Elaborations

  • investigating the environmental constraints on agricultural production in Australia, such as soil moisture, water resources and soils, and the extent to which agricultural innovations have overcome them
  • investigating how high crop yields around the world (for example from wheat, rice and maize) are related to factors such as irrigation, accessibility, labour supply, landforms and agricultural technologies, such as high yielding varieties
  • using the concept of soil moisture budget to examine the spatial and seasonal quantity of soil moisture available for agriculture in different places in Australia

  VCGGK134 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Biomes and food security

• The Humanities | Geography: Rationale and Aims

  The VCAA has published the Victorian Curriculum F–10 Version 2.0. To view the curriculum, familiarisation resources and support material, go to the Victorian Curriculum F–10 Version 2.0 website.
  
  Go to the VCAA website to explore the timeline for familiarisation and implementation of...

  Overview material | Geography

• VCGGC089

  Represent the location of places and other types of geographical data and information in different forms including diagrams, field sketches and large-scale and small-scale maps that conform to cartographic conventions of border, scale, legend, title, north point and source; using digital and spatial...

  Elaborations

  • summarising the points of view on an issue, for example in a planning or environmental dispute
  • developing a diagram to show the similarities and differences in official languages and religions across a number of countries
  • creating maps such as flow and choropleth maps, or plans for specific purposes. For example, a flow map to show the connections Australia has with other countries, or a bushfire management plan mapping geographical data using spatial technologies, the location of recent bushfires in Australia, or information they have collected through fieldwork
  • annotating a map to show places and their features in Australia and in selected countries of North America and Europe
  • creating small-scale maps to show connections between places

  VCGGC089 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGK145

  Environmental, economic and technological factors that influence environmental change and human responses to its management

  Elaborations

  • identifying human-induced environmental changes, such as water and atmospheric pollution, loss of biodiversity, degradation of land, inland and coastal aquatic environments, and evaluating the challenges they pose for the sustainability of environmental functions
  • evaluating the concept of ecosystem services and the importance of these services for sustainability of biodiversity
  • discussing whether environmental change is necessarily a problem that should be managed
  • proposing geographical management strategies for the environmental change being investigated, for example, establishing reserves and corridors to preserve biodiversity (a spatial strategy), ecosystem-based management (an environmental strategy), urban planning to reduce energy consumption (a spatial strategy), and addressing the underlying as well as immediate causes of environmental change (holistic thinking)
  • applying the concept of place to explain the variety of strategies and solutions to similar environmental changes in different places

  VCGGK145 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Environmental change and management

• VCGGK140

  Ways in which transportation and information and communication technologies are used to connect people to services, information and people in other places

  Elaborations

  • describing the differences in people’s access to the internet between and within countries and exploring how information and communication technologies are being used to connect people to information, services and people in other places, for example, in rural and remote areas across Australia and the world, including selected countries of the Asia region
  • examining how information and communication technologies have made it possible for places in India and the Philippines, for example, to provide a range of global business services
  • exploring how transport networks operate to connect people to services, including how supply chain logistics influence these connections

  VCGGK140 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Geographies of interconnection

• VCGGC103

  Select and represent data and information in different forms, including by constructing appropriate maps at different scales that conform to cartographic conventions, using digital and spatial technologies as appropriate

  Elaborations

  • creating an annotated diagram to demonstrate how water flows through the environment and connects places, or the influence of environmental quality on the liveability of places
  • constructing tables and graphs of demographic or economic data for Australia or China
  • creating annotated diagrams to show a landscape and its landforms
  • creating a map to show the spatial distribution and patterns of liveability, using computer mapping software
  • using a satellite image to construct a map to show the areas affected by a hydrological hazard, in Australia and another region of the world

  VCGGC103 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• Geography: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students predict changes in the characteristics of places over time and identify implications of change for the future. They identify, analyse, and explain significant spatial distributions and patterns and significant interconnections within and between places, and identify...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10

• Geography: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students explain processes that influence the characteristics of places. They identify, analyse and explain interconnections and spatial characteristics and identity and explain their implications.

  They compare strategies for a geographical challenge, taking into account...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8

• Geography: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students describe and explain spatial characteristics and characteristics of places from local to global scales. They describe and explain interconnections and their effects. They identify and describe locations including the major countries of Europe, North America and Asia.

  T...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6

• VCGGK096

  Environmental and human influences on the location and characteristics of places and the management of spaces within them

  Elaborations

  • comparing how people have responded to climatic conditions in similar and different places and factors that may have influenced this such as culture and technology
  • investigating the influence of landforms on the development of settlements that are involved in food and fibre production. For example, river valleys such as the Murray-Darling, Yellow (Huang He), Yangtze, Amazon, Mekong or Ganges
  • explaining why most Australians live close to the coast rather than in inland Australia
  • examining how the use of the space within their local place is organised through zoning
  • investigating a current local planning issue, such as the redevelopment of a site, preservation of open space or subdivision of farming land, exploring why people have different views on the issue, and developing a class response to it

  VCGGK096 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGC087

  Describe and explain interconnections within places and between places, and the effects of these interconnections

  Elaborations

  • researching connections between Australia and countries in the Asia region, for example, in terms of trade, migration, tourism, aid, education, defence or cultural influences; and explaining the effects of at least one of these connections on their own place and another place in Australia
  • explaining the impacts of fire on Australian vegetation and the significance of fire damage to human communities
  • comparing how people have responded to climatic conditions in similar and different places and factors that may have influenced this such as culture and technology
  • exploring the extent of change in the local environment over time, through for example, vegetation clearance, fencing, urban development, drainage, irrigation, farming, forest plantations or mining
  • researching the changes made by people to a particular environment in one region in Europe or North America and comparing findings with other regions researched by students

  VCGGC087 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• Geography: Level C description

  The Level C curriculum focuses on local places I live in and developing student’s exploration and curiosity of personally significant places. Students will build on their knowledge of the local space around personal significant places. Students will draw on their own experience to help them understand...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography

• Geography: Level D description

  The Level D curriculum focuses on the features of places where students live focusing on developing student’s awareness, understanding and purpose of a place. Students are encouraged to be curious about a place and explore its local area. They use their senses to explore the tangible characteristics...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography

• Geography: Levels 3 and 4 description

  In Levels 3 and 4, the curriculum continues to develop students’ mental map of the world and their understanding of place through examining the major characteristics of Australia, Australia's neighbouring countries and Africa and South America. The concept of place is developed by examining...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography

• VCGGK144

  Different types and distribution of environmental changes and the forms it takes in different places

  Elaborations

  • creating a map to show measures of environmental change, using a spatial technologies application
  • examining spatial data and information on desertification affecting drylands
  • describing and analysing a global map showing access to safe water and investigating differences in water pollution in different places

  VCGGK144 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Environmental change and management