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• VCJAC191

  Reflect on cultural differences between Japanese- and English-language communication styles and on how these affect intercultural interactions

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on elements of the experience of learning Japanese that have involved adopting styles of communication that have been challenging, easy or memorable
  • sharing with peers examples of successful interactions with other Japanese speakers, for example, when gestures or communication styles have been well received and clearly understood and have strengthened the relationship
  • creating a reflective self-profile or autobiography in formats such as journal entries, articles, captioned photo stories, digital accounts or short films, including episodes related to the experience of learning Japanese language and culture that have impacted on their understanding, attitudes, or sense of identity
  • composing a ‘cultural ID profile’, blog or digital diary to exchange with other Japanese speakers, making decisions about what points of information should be included

  VCJAC191 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• Japanese - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students become more fluent and accurate in spoken and written language production. They gain greater control of grammatical and textual elements. They use expressive and descriptive language as appropriate for different purposes and demonstrate understanding of language variation and change....

  Level description | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence

• VCJAC173

  Consider how their own biography, including family origins, traditions, interests and experiences, impacts on their sense of identity and ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on their own response to learning and participating in cultural behaviours such as bowing and using respectful language, identifying degrees of comfort, discomfort, challenge and enjoyment
  • creating written, spoken or multimodal texts such as identity maps, timelines, digital presentations or family trees with captions to describe significant life influences such as key people, events, educational experiences, community affiliations or travel experiences, for example, そふは　イタリア人です。でも、そぼは　イギリス人です。1950 年(ねん)に　オーストラリアに　きました。
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Japanese, and considering whether own previous attitudes or assumptions in relation to Japan or the Japanese language and culture have changed
  • considering their identity as a ‘second language learner’ and whether it involves changes in aspirations, career considerations or social-networking opportunities
  • sharing and comparing cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities, and exchanging views on the benefits of speaking more than one language, such as having a larger vocabulary to draw on, additional insights and perspectives, and opportunities for new experiences

  VCJAC173 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCJAU144

  Understand that the ways people use language reflect where and how they live and what is important to them

  Elaborations

  • understanding that language carries information about the people who use it and that common expressions often reflect cultural values, for example, the importance of respect for older people is reflected in terms of address in Japanese
  • exploring additional elements of ‘culture’, such as what is valued in different communities, contexts and environments, or different approaches to teaching and learning in school, understanding formulaic expressions that reflect cultural values, for example, いってきます、 いってらっしゃい、きをつけて
  • noticing how politeness and respect are conveyed in Japanese language and behaviour, such as how body language and gestures can replace language, for example, bowing as an apology or as a request to be excused
  • learning to discuss culture and language by responding to prompt questions such as ‘What do you notice?’ ‘Why do you think that …?’ ‘How is this similar / different …?’
  • identifying terms, expressions and ways of communicating associated with Australian contexts that might need explaining to Japanese children, for example, using first names when addressing adults, colloquial expressions such as ‘no worries’ or ‘footy’, and terms associated with Indigenous cultures, such as ‘the Dreaming’

  VCJAU144 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCJAU157

  Recognise some single and whole word katakana and develop the ability to use hiragana and kanji in a single text

  Elaborations

  • reading and writing all hiragana (including voiced, combined and long vowel sounds and double consonants) using the kana chart
  • learning that kanji were brought from China and that hiragana was formed by simplifying the form of kanji, while katakana was formed using a part of kanji
  • learning to apply the basic principles of stroke order to write all hiragana and high-frequency kanji such as 月、日、木、人
  • recognising frequently used katakana words such as オーストラリア
  • reading and writing words, phrases and sentences using kana, for example, わたし　の　本、これ　は　かぞく　です。
  • understanding the use of basic Japanese punctuation marks such as まる(。) and てん(、), and katakana long vowel marks, for example, in a student’s name such as ルーク
  • understanding the use of furigana as a reading aid

  VCJAU157 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAC008

  Translate and interpret short texts such as self-introductions or conversations, noticing and explaining aspects that are similar or different in Japanese and English versions

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers and the teacher to translate and interpret familiar texts in Japanese such as emails and phone conversations between friends or self-introductions, noticing similarities and differences between Japanese interactions and their own communicative style
  • interpreting words and expressions encountered in simple Japanese texts such as greeting cards, menus or stories that do not translate easily into English and that reflect aspects of Japanese culture, for example, ていしょく、いただきます、 the use of ‘happy’ in English compared to おめでとう in Japanese, しつれいします、はじめまして、どうぞよろしく
  • comparing own translations of simple texts with peers’, explaining why words or expressions were translated in particular ways and considering reasons for any differences
  • learning to use dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words and the need to consider context
  • comparing the meaning and use of emoticons in Japanese and English

  VCJAC008 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCJAC007

  Reinterpret or create and perform imaginative texts such as video clips, raps or skits using modelled language and supporting resources

  Elaborations

  • creating imaginative texts to share with others, for example, a commercial for a new or existing product, a comic strip, a jingle, song or rap
  • producing short scripted plays or video clips to perform or present to others who are learning Japanese, experimenting with rhyme, rhythm and onomatopoeia
  • composing and performing an imagined scenario or skit designed to support intercultural understanding and involving elements such as comedy, emotion or surprise, for example, いただきます。いってらっしゃい。もしもし。こんにちは。
  • creating imaginative stories using a variety of resources and modes of presentation such as video clips or digital photo montages
  • designing texts for real or imagined special occasions that include the expression of culturally appropriate behaviour, for example, ねんがじょう、母(はは)の日(ひ)M

  VCJAC007 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCJAU175

  Recognise and use all katakana and understand the relationship in texts between hiragana, katakana and kanji

  Elaborations

  • reading and writing all katakana, including voiced, unvoiced, contracted and blended sounds, using the kana chart
  • understanding that many kanji are made up of more than one component and that radicals often represent meaning, for example, the radical 木 means something to do with ‘wood’
  • noticing that kanji can clearly differentiate the meanings of words that are pronounced identically, such as 火 and 日
  • learning to write words and phrases using both kana and kanji, for example, 大きい車(くるま)、小さい木
  • using furigana to support the reading of unfamiliar kanji

  VCJAU175 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAU126

  Understand that language and culture are closely connected

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’, how it involves visible elements, such as ways of eating or symbols such as flags, and invisible elements, such as how people live, how they think about themselves and others and how they relate to their environment
  • understanding that learning and using Japanese involves becoming familiar with some different ways of communicating, for example, いただきます、ごちそうさま, and also some ways of thinking about things and behaving that may be unfamiliar
  • noticing similarities and differences between classroom interactions in Japanese and English, for example, referring to the teacher using only せんせい
  • understanding that culture and cultural behaviours are woven into languages and cannot be separated from them, for example, it is possible to bow without a spoken greeting in Japanese but not to greet without bowing

  VCJAU126 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCJAC164

  Engage in activities that involve collaboration, planning, organising, negotiating and transacting

  Elaborations

  • participating in scenarios related to accepting and declining invitations, planning, making arrangements and negotiating details, using language related to place, time and activity, for example, 月よう日に　日本のレストランに行きましょうか。月よう日は、ちょっと…。火よう日は　どうですか。
  • budgeting for virtual shopping expeditions, consulting online catalogues and websites, comparing prices and value, and discussing intended purchases, for example, ゲームが/を　 かいたいです。二千円(にせんえん)　あります。どれが一ばんやすいですか。
  • participating in authentic or simulated transactions that involve making requests, considering options, buying, selling or ordering, for example, この　T シャツは　L サイズですね。ちょっと　大きいです。M サイズを　ください。
  • creating displays, presentations or performances for family, friends or the school community to showcase their progress in learning and using Japanese
  • giving and following instructions to play games, follow recipes, or carry out traditional Japanese activities such as calligraphy, origami or martial arts, using language forms and vocabulary associated with sequencing, such as さいしょに、つぎに、それから、そして

  VCJAC164 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC131

  Present factual information relating to familiar home, community and cultural contexts, using graphic and digital support such as photos, tables, lists and charts

  Elaborations

  • describing family members and friends, identifying relationships such as お母(かあ)さん, using simple descriptive, modelled language and supporting resources, for example, これ　は　わたし　の　お父(とう)さん　です。Ken　です。お父(とう)さん　は　やきゅう　が　すきです。お父(とう)さん　は　やさしい　です。
  • creating a display such as a chart, diorama, mini book or digital presentation to showcase elements of their Japanese language learning, for example, ぼく/わたし　の　ふでばこ、ぼく/わたし　の　かばん
  • labelling aspects of their daily routines, selecting captions or attaching word bubbles, including expressions of time, for example, waking in the morning with a clock displaying 七(しち/なな)じ and the words おはようございます。

  VCJAC131 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCJAC165

  Interact in whole-class and small group activities that involve seeking information from peers or the teacher, asking and responding to questions, making requests, and asking for and providing clarification

  Elaborations

  • using modelled structures in simple and compound sentences, and cohesive devices such as だから, でも to state opinions, make suggestions or provide clarification
  • asking and responding to questions such as テストはいつですか。 きょうゲームをしますか。 ロッカーに行ってもいいですか。何(なん)ページですか。
  • participating in class activities such as word, board or digital games, using phrases such as わたしの　ばん、みぎ、ひだり、ざんねん、つぎは　だれ?
  • obtaining additional information from the teacher and peers by requesting repetition or clarification or by asking how to say something in Japanese, for example, 日本語(にほんご)で何(なん)ですか。
  • expressing their responses to learning and using Japanese, such as by detailing preferences, likes and dislikes in relation to aspects of the experience, for example, かんじはむずかしいですが、おもしろいです。
  • enquiring about and describing the location of classroom items and materials using prepositions, for example, ワークシートはどこにありますか。テーブルのうえにあります。

  VCJAC165 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC002

  Engage in transactions and collaborative activities that involve planning and making arrangements, such as obtaining goods and organising performances

  Elaborations

  • working together to create displays, presentations or performances to showcase their Japanese learning for family, friends or school community
  • following instructions, for example, following a recipe to make やきそば, おこのみやき、まきずし or making origami
  • making arrangements using language related to place, time and activity, for example,　火(か)よう日(び)に　テニスを　しますか。火(か)よう日(び)は　ちょっと…。
  • participating in scenarios that involve ordering and purchasing goods such as food and drink, for example, すしを　ください。おちゃ、おねがいします。いくらですか。
  • participating in class activities such as word, board or electronic games, using set phrases in Japanese such as わたしの　ばん、みぎ、ひだ、かった！、まけた、ざんねん、だめだった、だいじょうぶ？、がんばって！、 つぎは　だれ？、いち、に、さん！

  VCJAC002 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC172

  Participate in intercultural interactions, identifying and comparing aspects of culture that affect communication and noticing how own culture impacts on language use

  Elaborations

  • recognising the link between language and culture by reflecting on frequently used expressions such as しつれいします、おくれてすみません, and ways in which values and culture are embedded in the language
  • making a list of perceived benefits of learning Japanese and developing an intercultural capacity, for example, access to different perspectives and experiences, and insights into their own language and cultural experience
  • experiencing authentic or virtual interaction with Japanese language and culture, for example, through face-to-face or online interactions with other Japanese speakers through exchanges, excursions, school visits or web-chatting
  • making appropriate language choices for particular social situations in different cultural contexts, for example, using appropriate familial terms to refer to their own or to others’ family members
  • reflecting on how their own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with Japanese people, noticing their own body language and modifying gestures, such as beckoning with the palm facing upwards or downwards, or avoiding eye contact when talking to older people

  VCJAC172 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCJAU122

  Understand the structure of basic sentences in Japanese and recognise some key elements of Japanese grammar

  Elaborations

  • knowing common forms of greetings, for example, おはようございます、おはよう, and noticing the different levels of formality
  • identifying gender-specific pronouns わたし and ぼく
  • understanding the use of common suffixes such as さん or くん or titles such as せんせい to address and refer to other people, for example, Luke くん and White せんせい
  • understanding basic word order in simple sentences, for example, noun　が　すき です。りんご　が　すき　です。, adjective + noun　です。 おおきい　いぬ　です。
  • understanding how to specify items using the possessive particle の, for example, わたし　 の　 かぞく、 Sarah さん　の　ほん、おばあさん　 の　いえ
  • referring to numbers of things using cardinal numbers 0–100: 一(いち)、二(に)、三(さん) …百(ひゃく)
  • learning to describe the colour あお　です。size おおきい　です。 and shape まる　です。of things
  • understanding different question words such as だれ、なに、どこ and the sentence-ending particle か
  • recognising and responding to a request using verb 　ください, for example, きいて　ください。and すわって　ください。
  • indicating affirmative and negative responses using はい and いいえ
  • using some culturally specific parallel phrases related to giving and receiving, for example, どうぞ and ありがとう
  • learning to use common onomatopoeia such as ぺこぺこ and わんわん
  • building vocabulary to describe and label familiar and immediate objects and environments

  VCJAU122 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAU013

  Recognise and understand the relationship between the character-based scripts of hiragana, katakana and kanji

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the Japanese language uses three different scripts depending on word origins and on the context of language use
  • reading and writing all hiragana and katakana, including voiced, contracted and blended sounds, using the kana chart
  • using the kana chart as a systematic framework to support learning
  • recognising that Japanese can be written vertically or horizontally and has various typefaces in printed form
  • understanding the use of basic Japanese punctuation marks such as a まる (。) 、 てん (、) and katakana long vowel mark (ー), for example, in a student’s name such as サリー
  • applying the principles of stroke order to write all kana and high-frequency kanji such as 行(い)きます、 月、 大(おお)きい
  • knowing that kanji were brought from China and that hiragana was formed by simplifying the form of kanji, while katakana was formed using a part of kanji
  • understanding that each individual kanji represents meaning as well as sound, such as 日 (‘sun’, ‘day’), and that some kanji come from pictographs, for example, 山
  • learning to write high-frequency kanji, such as numbers, days of the week, family members, and basic adjectives and verbs, applying the basic principles for stroke order, for example, 父(ちち)、母(はは)、小(ちい)さい、 見(み)ます、日本語(にほんご)
  • understanding the use of furigana as a tool to support reading

  VCJAU013 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAC182

  Collaborate, plan and manage activities, events or experiences, such as hosting a Japanese class or visitor, going to a restaurant, or preparing for a real or virtual event, trip or excursion

  Elaborations

  • expressing preferences in relation to shared plans, for example, それはいいですね。そうしましょう。and summarising and clarifying arrangements, for example, 金曜日のごご三時半に、えきの前で会(あ)いましょう。じゃあ、金曜日のごご三時半に、えきの前ですね。
  • planning and preparing for a real or virtual event, trip or excursion, such as a visit to Japan
  • participating in scenarios related to travelling and living in Japan, for example, interacting with a host family, using public transport, shopping, sightseeing or eating out
  • planning and making shared arrangements for Japanese visitors to the school or a homestay, for example, by preparing print or digital informative materials, such as filming an introduction to Australian school and home life, preparing welcome speeches, or conducting school tours
  • planning and completing tasks that involve asking for, giving and following directions to real or virtual locations, for example, すみません、としょかんはどこですか。, using resources such as digital devices, street or rail maps
  • planning and participating in learning experiences that combine linguistic and cultural elements, such as an excursion to a Japanese restaurant, exhibition, film festival or community event, by preparing and rehearsing language forms, structures and vocabulary and considering appropriate behaviours, for example, 六時半に学校(がっこう)の前で会って、バスで行きます。

  VCJAC182 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC109

  Exchange greetings and introduce and share information about self with the teacher and peers using simple language and gestures

  Elaborations

  • learning how to greet others at different times of the day using appropriate gestures and forms of address, for example, せんせい、おはようございます、さようなら、おはよう、じゃあね
  • using culturally appropriate titles, forms of address and levels of politeness in everyday interactions with the teacher and peers, for example, Smith せんせい、ありがとう　ございます。 Tom くん、ありがとう。Alisa さん、おめでとう。
  • introducing self, using formal spoken language and appropriate non-verbal language such as bowing, for example, はじめまして、Hana　です。どうぞよろしく。
  • using formulaic Japanese phrases for everyday interactions such as giving and receiving, thanking, apologising and offering wishes or congratulations, for example, どうぞ、(どうも) ありがとう、すみません、がんばって
  • indicating likes and dislikes, using modelled statements such as いぬ　が　すき　です。わに　が　すき　じゃない　です。
  • describing friends, favourite things and objects, using visual, concrete and digital support material, for example, これ　は　ねずみ　です。ちいさい　です。かわいい　です。 はいいろ　です。 すいか　です。おいしい　です。 ちいさい　目(め)　です。
  • responding to questions and indicating ownership, for example, だれ　の　ですか。わたし　の　です。Ollie くん/ Sarah さん　の　です 。わたし　の　えんぴつ（です）。
  • using formulaic expressions to convey emotions, for example, すごい、え～！、 かわいい、 やったー！

  VCJAC109 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAU140

  Understand and identify elements of basic grammar and sentence structure and interaction patterns

  Elaborations

  • developing metalanguage for communicating about language, using concepts such as parts of speech, for example, ‘noun’, ‘verb’ and ‘adjective’
  • understanding the rules of Japanese word order (subject + object + verb), the use of associated particles は、を、と、も、に, and the use of が in formulaic expressions, for example, noun　が　すき　です。
  • describing actions using verb ます form, for example, すし　を　たべます。
  • understanding the rules for conjugating verbs, such as ～ます、～>ましょう、～ました、～ません
  • understanding that Japanese uses name + suffix instead of pronouns when referring to other people, for example, Johnくん、はなさん、Grant せんせい
  • indicating time and frequency using expressions such as まいにち、ときどき
  • describing people, animals, places and things using adjective–noun phrases, for example, 大きい　目、おいしい　もも
  • understanding time words associated with days of the week, months of the year and seasons
  • building vocabulary that relates to familiar environments in daily life and personal worlds and that can be used for cross-curricular content learning
  • beginning to use counters in Japanese, for example, ～人、～さい、～月
  • telling time using ～じ/ ～じはん　です。なんじ　です　か。
  • seeking information using question words such as なに、なん、いつ、どこ and だれ and the sentence-ending particle か, for example, なに　が　すき　です　 か。なんさい　です　 か。なんにん　です　 か。いつ　です　か。

  VCJAU140 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAU036

  Recognise and explain how the Japanese language carries embedded cultural information, such as the prioritising of collective well-being, respect and harmony

  Elaborations

  • discussing ways in which learning Japanese can lead to new ways of thinking, behaving, or interpreting experience and values, for example, noticing and responding to demonstrations of politeness and respect through the softening of negative responses, such asあしたはちょっと...。
  • considering the cultural significance of language associated with interactions such as issuing, accepting or declining invitations, leave-taking at social events, offering thanks, or giving and receiving gifts, for example, どうぞ。あまり…。どうもありがとうございます。、 and reflecting on how they react and adjust to such expressions of cultural values when interacting with Japanese speakers
  • exploring familiar types of Japanese community texts such as print or online advertisements, brochures, catalogues or memes that employ different representations of culture, for example, by analysing which products use traditional icons such as samurai in their advertisements and which use more contemporary images
  • investigating language associated with events such as national holidays, for example, お正月(しょうがつ) and ゴールデンウィーク、 and identifying how it reflects associations between holidays and family values
  • understanding that language carries cultural associations, for example, the ordering of information on Japanese business cards, such as じこしょうかい (company, title, surname, given name), indicates priorities in regard to individual, collective and family relationships
  • identifying Australian ways of communicating and behaving that may appear unusual or inappropriate to Japanese speakers, for example, eating in public places, sitting on the floor or desk, speaking loudly and using direct eye contact

  VCJAU036 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture