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• VCKOU017

  Understand the dynamic nature of Korean and other languages

  Elaborations

  • viewing images of the original version of 훈민정음 and recognising that some lettersin the original are not used in modern Korean script, for example •, ᅙ, ᅀ
  • identifying loan words in Korean borrowed from other languages, for example, 텔레비전, 쇼핑, 컴퓨터
  • identifying hybrid –하다 verbs where a loan word (noun) and –하다 are conjoined to behave as a verb, for example, 쇼핑해요, 조깅해요
  • identifying words which have similar meanings and pronunciation across different languages, reflecting on the possible origins of such words and their associated cultures

  VCKOU017 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU037

  Understand the symbolic nature and power of language in local and global contexts

  Elaborations

  • understanding the nature of language that reflects and may effect changes in peoples’ way of thinking and in aspects of society, finding examples from Korean, English and other known languages (for example, discouraging the use of language that implies social discrimination or replacing it with alternatives or newly created vocabulary
  • identifying the function and power of cultural expressions such as stories, symbols, icons and anthems, for example, 단군신화, 애국가, 아리랑, 태극기, the Dreamtime, Aboriginal and Australian flags
  • exploring and discussing how and why new products and practices from other cultures are adopted, typically with terminology in the language/s associated
  • collecting and discussing examples of language impacting on society and culture, drawing on other learning areas such as history, social studies and the arts

  VCKOU037 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU209

  Understand that language and culture are interrelated and reflect on how they shape and are shaped by each other

  Elaborations

  • recognising that language and culture are intertwined in texts and together convey cultural perspectives, concepts and values
  • analysing how the Korean language may reflect cultural perspectives and values such as collectivism, harmony, humility and the importance of ties between family members, for example, arange of kinship terms extending to remote relations, using kinship terms rather than first names to address members ofthe family and norms such as showing deference and saving face, for example, 네, 괜찮아요
  • investigating the origins of particular expressions or words, developing awareness of the origins of meanings and how these may or may not change over time
  • reflecting on own experiences of moving between cultures in the school, local and virtual communities and on their different roles played in different intercultural exchanges as a learner and user of Korean
  • recognising the historical, political and cultural functions and values of language, researching how the Korean language played a role in maintaining the Korean people’s culture and everyday life under the cultural and linguistic oppression during the early 19th century colonial period and how Korean culture and language lived it out, flourish and are recognised in the contemporary world

  VCKOU209 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCKOU170

  Investigate how language can be used to influence people, ideas and the understanding of cultures

  Elaborations

  • exploring various ways language is used to influence perceptions of people, through verbal interactions, for example, using polite language or slang, or other means of communicating, for example, fashion or graphic design
  • experimenting with spoken and written Korean to enhance and explore others’ perceptions of Korea and Korean, for example, by designing art work using Korean letters/expressions and by predicting and reflecting on responses

  VCKOU170 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU164

  Understand the relationships between letters and sounds, and between intonation and punctuation/printing conventions in Korean, applying this understanding to own speech, reading and writing

  Elaborations

  • pronouncing words following basic pronunciation rules, for example, pronouncing 한국어, 같이 and 감사합니다 as 항구거, 가치 and 감사함니다
  • using basic punctuation in writing, including a question mark (?) for questions and a full stop (.) for other types of sentences
  • recognising spacing and spelling rules in reading and writing, for example, 소라가 방에 있어요 versus 소라 가방에 있어요
  • comparing spacing and spelling rules in Korean with such rules in English and other known languages

  VCKOU164 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU031

  Understand and use key features of Korean sound and writing systems, including pronunciation, intonation and print conventions, applying this understanding to own speech and writing

  Elaborations

  • recognising and reproducing sounds of Korean in sentences consisting of multiple clauses, attending to pauses and intonation to identify clause sequences and types of sentences
  • pronouncing syllable blocks in a word, making appropriate changes to the sounds on syllable boundaries according to pronunciation rules, for example, pronouncing such words as 한국어, 같이, 감사합니다, 먹고 and어떻게 as 항구거, 가치, 감사함니다, 먹꼬 and 어떠케
  • experimenting with pronunciation rules and intonation collaboratively with peers
  • using basic punctuation in writing, including a question mark (?) for questions and a full stop (.) for other types of sentences
  • using spacing and spelling rules in reading and writing, recognising their differences to English, for example, 소라가 방에 있어요 versus 소라 가방에 있어요

  VCKOU031 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU150

  Understand that languages change over time and influence each other through contact and cultural exchanges

  Elaborations

  • viewing images of the original version of 훈민정음 and recognising that some letters in the original are not used in modern Korean, for example, •, ᅙ, ᅀ
  • reflecting on and discussing which languages Korean might have influenced and might have been influenced by over time, for example,Chinese, Japanese, English, French and Italian

  VCKOU150 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU202

  Apply features and rules of Korean pronunciation and Hangeul to understanding and producing a range of texts for different audiences and purposes

  Elaborations

  • using Korean pronunciation and spelling rules for listening to and reading authentic texts and producing own written and oral texts
  • knowing when to pause in complex sentences with embedded clauses
  • understanding that there are variations in Korean pronunciation across people from different regions of Korea but that spelling follows standardised rules
  • writing in Hangeul independently, observing writing conventions and rules

  VCKOU202 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU204

  Understand and use vocabulary that conveys abstract ideas and establishes register and style for specific audiences

  Elaborations

  • using a range of common nouns and verbs to describe activities and phenomena taking place in home, school and the wider context, such as transport, networking, festivals, weather, seasons, nature, transactions, for example, 여행, 기차, 비행기, …, 축제, 숙제, 음악, 산, 강, 호수, …, 여름, 겨울, …, 영화, 입장권, 표, …, 차례, 소리, 바쁘다, 아끼다, 춥다, 덥다, …, 많다, 적다, …,연락하다, 편리하다, 친절하다, 다치다, 시작하다, 출발하다, 도착하다, 참가하다, 기다리다
  • using abstract nouns and verbs associated with abstract or complex concepts, processes, attitudes, for example, 방법,문제, 계획(하다), 신선하다, 생각하다, 심각하다, 생기다, 되다, 그렇다, 믿다, 확신하다
  • using a range of descriptive verbs to express qualities of people, animals or nature, such as character, appearance or scenery, including some complex personal attributes, for example, 착하다, 부지런하다, 게으르다, 참을성이 있다, 정직하다, 깨끗하다
  • using specialised vocabulary drawn from other learning areas or broader topics of interest such as social or environmental issues, including some highly abstract words, special terminology, some loan words from English and some figurative use of common words (for example, ‘지구가 죽는다’): 지구, 북극, 남극,빙하, 환경, 자연, 태풍, 사이클론, 캠페인, 에너지, 청소년, 실업, 녹다, 보호(하다), 절약(하다), 낭비(하다), 파괴되다, ‘쓰레기 분리수거’, ‘환경보호’, ‘지구 온난화’, ‘다문화 사회’
  • using/recognising some well-known Korean geographical names (for example, 부산, 제주도)
  • identifying Korean names of some folk genres such as 민요, 설화 or 탈춤, and some titles of Korean folk songs or folk tales such as 아리랑, 강강술래, 심청전 or 흥부전
  • using/recognising some procedural vocabulary relating to some aspects of everyday life such as operating appliances or cooking instant food, for example, 국수, 국물, 정도 (for example, 4분 정도) 냄비, 끓이다, 넣다, 붓다, 젓다
  • using reflective/sympathetic words or phrases to signal empathy, down-toning or indirect disagreement, or just as a pause filler, for example, 그렇지요?; 좋았겠어요;아마; 글쎄요; 그런가요?; 아닌 것 같은데요
  • expanding and using honorific or humble vocabulary, for example, 주무시다, 여쭤 보다
  • expanding the range and use of adverbs, for example,훨씬, 함께, 겨우, 아마, 한번, 모두, 분명히, 하마터면
  • expanding the use of temporal vocabulary, including 작년, 올해, 내년, …전/후
  • using elements of metalanguage appropriately, for example, 단어, 명사, 동사, 줄임말, 높임말/존대말, 문장
  • inferring meanings of unknown words or expressions from information available from the text or context

  VCKOU204 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU149

  Build understanding of the variability of language use in Korean, for example, in relation to the age and relationship of participants

  Elaborations

  • greeting and taking part appropriately in familiar situations, for example, with peers and with the teacher, identifying differences of contexts and addressees, for example, 안녕?; 안녕하세요?; 안녕히 가세요/계세요; 잘 가/있어
  • recognising the appropriateness of gestures to accompany language when addressing teachers, friends or visitors to school

  VCKOU149 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU185

  Understand and use some words and expressions that reflect Korean culture, noticing those that need additional explanation to convey their original meaning in translation

  Elaborations

  • using a range of nouns to describe aspects of everyday life in home and school environments and of topics of interest, such as names of subjects (과학, 수학, …) and sports/games including traditional Korean sports/games (축구, 야구, 씨름, 윷놀이, …), nouns related to activities such as excursions or school camp (소풍, 캠프, 날짜, 장소, 시간, 준비물, …) and those related to transactions outside the home and school (가게, 식당, 병원, …)
  • using a range of action/descriptive verbs commonly used in basic interpersonal and transactional interactions including those for more complex activities (바빠요, 싸요, 비싸요, 자요, 타요, 사요,갈아타세요)
  • using vocabulary to express some abstract ideas (for example, 과학적, 정보, 동의해요) or describe issues relating to technology, those drawn from other learning areas or environmental issues (for example, naming some popular Korean food, such as, 순두부 찌개, 불고기, and major cities or landmarks in Korea, for example, 서울, 한강, 서울역
  • identifying commonly used culture-specific words and expressions in Korean and understanding the cultural backgrounds of such words/expressions, for example, names of festival days (명절) and their associated vocabulary or expressions, for example: 설날, 세배(하다), 떡국, 새해 복 많이 받으세요, 윷놀이, …; 단오, 그네뛰기, …; 추석, 성묘(하다), 송편, …
  • using a range of descriptive verbs to express emotions, sensory qualities or impressions (for example, 아름다워요, 신나요,매워요, 짜요, 아파요, …) including idiomatic phrases (기분이 좋아요) and those closely related to the Korean view of life and human relationships (정들었어요)
  • identifying and using basic onomatopoeic and mimetic expressions in Korean (for example, 문을 똑똑 두드려요;비가 주룩주룩 와요), and translating such words, providing additional explanations to make meanings closer to the original
  • comparing Korean and English as to how expressiveness is realised in the form of language, for example, by translating into English sentences such as 첨벙첨벙 물놀이를 해요, 아기가 콜콜 자요
  • indicating comparative quality using 더or 제일/가장, for example, 저는 더큰 가방이 필요해요, 저는 불고기가 가장/제일 좋아요
  • using adverbs to:
    • emphasise or mitigate the quality expressed, for example, 너무, 조금, 정말
    • add temporal quality to the event expressed, for example, 벌써, 아직
    • indicate frequency, for example, 가끔, 보통, 자주, 언제나
    • indicate directions, for example, 쭉, 곧장
    • add some specificity to time words using 지난 or 다음 (지난 주말에 ..., 다음 월요일에 …)
  • using location nouns such as 앞, 뒤, 위 아래, 옆, 왼쪽, 오른쪽
  • using question words such as 언제, 어디서, 어떻게, 어느, and 무슨 to obtain specific information
  • using humble/honorific words such as 드려요, 드세요, 진지
  • recognising fillers (such as 아, 음, 저. …) and exclamations (such as 어머나!, 아이고! 진짜!)

  VCKOU185 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU126

  Recognise the sounds of the Korean language and the forms of Hangeul syllable blocks, and understand that the syllable block is the basic unit of writing in Korean, associating individual syllable blocks with their pronunciations

  Elaborations

  • differentiating Korean and English sounds, for example, by comparing names in Korean and English (for example, 로버트versus ‘Robert’)
  • categorising names according to their first consonant, for example, 마크, 매튜, 마이클
  • discriminating between simple vowel and consonant letters in a syllable block
  • recognising the order of strokes in writing syllable blocks

  VCKOU126 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU013

  Understand and use aspects of the Korean grammatical system to form simple sentence structures, and identify features that are either specific to Korean or similar to English

  Elaborations

  • referring to self and things using first person pronouns (저, 제, 나, 내, 우리) or demonstrative pronouns (이것, 저것, 그것)
  • using basic particles to mark case and other basic functions of nouns in a sentence, for example, –이/가, –을/를, –은/는, –에, –에서, –하고
  • using basic verbs including copula (–이에요/예요) to describe state/quality or action in present or past tenses with the informal polite-style ending –어/아요 (for example, 좋아요, 예뻐요, 재미있어요/재미있었어요, 먹어요/먹었어요, 가요/갔어요), including some set phrases with auxiliary verbs such as –고 싶어요, –(으)ㄹ 수 있어요 and –고 있어요, for example, 수영할 수 있어요
  • understanding that descriptive verbs in Korean grammar have functions similar to adjectives in English (describing qualities or states and modifying nouns) but that they also behave like verbs in a sentence (conjugating and being used as the main verb)
  • using question words to make questions, for example, 누구, 무엇, 언제, 어디, 어떻게, 왜, 몇, 무슨, 어느
  • using some honorific words and suffixes (for example, 드세요, 선생님, 일어나세요) and humble words (저/제) as part of formulaic expressions
  • using simple sentence structures in the subject–object–verb order to make statements or ask questions
  • producing a sentence without a subject/object, which can be retrieved or inferred from context, for example, 지금 뭐 해요? 공부해요
  • using simple negation, placing 안 or 못 before a verb (for example, 안 가요, 못 해요) and replacing copula (–예요/이에요) with its negative form (–이/가 아니에요)
  • comparing word order in Korean and English, such as the verb-final rule and how to count objects, for example, 사과 한 개 versus ‘one apple’

  VCKOU013 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU033

  Understand and use a range of vocabulary associated with different aspects of everyday life, such as basic honorific or humble words, and identify culture-embedded words and expressions

  Elaborations

  • using a range of common nouns and verbs for everyday interactions at home and school on familiar and broader topics (for example, 방학, 시험, 춤, 노래, 여행, 추다, 부르다, 배우다, 하다, 말하다, 끝나다, 만나다, 놓다, 사다, 팔다, 생기다), including words for clothing (for example, 모자, 바지, 쓰다, 입다) and transportation (for example, 버스, 기차, 자동차, 지하철, 타다) and loan words from English (for example, 파티, 이메일, 인터넷)
  • recognising and using some abstract vocabulary in the school context (for example, 과목, 수업, 과외 활동, and names of school subjects such as 수학, 과학, …)
  • using descriptive vocabulary to describe emotions (for example, 무섭다, 슬프다, 기쁘다. 신나다), senses (기분, 맛,맵다, 짜다, 아프다, 덥다, 춥다) and appearance (아름답다, 깨끗하다)
  • using abstract vocabulary relating to cognitive activity (for example, 뜻, 생각(하다), 필요하다)
  • recognising the difference between 나 and 저 referring to self and using them appropriately according to the audience, for example, peers or adults
  • indicating comparative quality using 더, for example, 더 커요
  • expressing relative frequency of events (for example, 가끔, 보통, 자주, 언제나)
  • using common adverbs such as 다시, 먼저, 한번, 열심히
  • indicating time/seasons using 오전, 오후, 주말,아침, 점심, 저녁, 봄, 여름, 가을, 겨울
  • using Korean cardinal and ordinal numbers appropriately with counters, for example, 스무 잔, 백 장, 천 송이, 첫 번째
  • using honorific or humble words such as 분, 주무시다, 계시다, 말씀, 드리다
  • identifying culture-embedded Korean words and expressions in context, for example, 추석, 새해 복 많이받으세요, 쌀밥/보리밥, 아리랑
  • using vocabulary related to youth culture such as 동아리, 힙합, including some hybrid words (for example, K–팝)
  • using reflective vocabulary such as 아마, 글쎄요
  • using location words, for example, 앞, 뒤, 위, 아래, 옆
  • inferring meaning of unfamiliar words or expressions from context, for example, 게으름뱅이 (소가 된 게으름뱅이), 연락하다 (이메일로 연락하세요), 그림의 떡
  • using idiomatic expressions as communication strategies or to enhance the interest of audiences, for example, 제 생각에는 …, –ㄴ/은/는 것 같아요, 괜찮아요
  • using some special vocabulary in Korean to express ideas drawn from other learning areas, for example, 태풍, 강, 호수
  • using exclamatory vocabulary and expressions (for example, 와, 대단해요! 아니, 이럴 수가!)

  VCKOU033 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU165

  Understand and use aspects of the Korean grammatical system such as verb conjugations, suffixes, some particles, basic conjunctions and the honorific system, building a metalanguage to talk about basic grammatical features in Korean

  Elaborations

  • expressing simple events occurring in the past using –었/았–, for example, 캔버라에 살았어요
  • making simple negation using 안 and 못, for example, 비가 안 와요, 김치를 못먹었어요
  • expressing events occurring in sequence by using:
    • conjunctive adverbs such as 그리고 at the beginning of thesecond of two sentences, for example, 밥을 먹어요. 그리고 운동해요
    • a conjunctive suffix (clausal connective) in a coordinative structure –고, for example, 밥을 먹고 운동해요
  • using particles –하고 (as a meaning of ‘together with’) and–에서, for example, 친구하고 쇼핑했어요, 학교에서 공부해요
  • using a structure, a noun + –(으)로, as a set phrase and understanding the meaning of the particle–(으)로, for example, 펜으로 쓰세요. 한국어로 뭐예요?
  • using the complex structures –(으)ㄴ/는 것 같다 and –도 되다 in the informal polite style ending –‍어/아요 to express opinions and give/request permission, for example, 맞는 것 같아요; 가도 돼요?
  • using question words to ask about reasons and prices in set phrases 왜요? and 얼마예요? and asking about states, feelings or opinions using 어때요, for example, 영화가 어땠어요?
  • recognising the formal polite ending –ㅂ/습니다 and the intimate ending –어/아, 해, and understanding the different contexts where different levels of politeness and formality are indicated by verb endings, for example, 미안합니다/미안해요/미안해
  • recognising how word ordersare different and syntactic functions are realised differently in simple sentences in Korean and English, for example,‘저는 (subject) 사과를 (object) 먹어요 (verb)’ versus ‘I (subject) eat (verb) an apple (object)’

  VCKOU165 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU203

  Understand how grammatical elements, such as particles and suffixes, impact on higher levels of grammar, such as tense, mood, honorification, speech level and formality, and on meaning-making from the phrasal level to that of the entire text

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using the dictionary forms of action and descriptive verbs, for example, to identify the meaningful part or to look up unknown verbs in a dictionary (가다, 오다, 하다, 먹다, 들다, 듣다, 읽다, 덥다, 예쁘다, …)
  • using a range of case markers and particles, including honorific forms as applicable, for appropriate grammatical functions, for example, –한테/에게, –한테서/에게서, –께, –께서, –께서는,–(으)로, –보다, –만, –마다
  • understanding various functions/meanings of a topic marker –은/는, using it for functions other than marking the subject as the topic of the sentence (저는 마이클이에요) such as highlighting, emphasising or making contrast, for example, 저는 오렌지를 좋아하지 않아요. 그런데 사과는 좋아해요; 한국에는 태풍이 오고 호주에는 사이클론이 와요. 태풍은 …, 사이클론은 …
  • making a relative clause, that is, a noun-modifying clause, by replacing the verb ending of the clause- final verb with –(으)ㄴ, –는, or –(으)ㄹ appropriately, for example, 저기에서 노래하는 사람이 누구예요?; 제가 어제 본 영화는 정말 슬펐어요; 언제 갈계획이에요?; 날씨가 좋은 날에 바비큐를 해요; 재미있을 것 같아요
  • using long negative forms of verbs, such as –지 않다, –지 못하다
  • using negative questions and answering appropriately, for example, 그 영화를 안 봤어요/보지 않았어요? 아니요, 봤어요 / 네, 안 봤어요/보지 않았어요; 김치를 못먹어요/먹지 못해요? 아니요, 먹어요/ 네, 못 먹어요/먹지 못해요; 숙제가 없어요? 아니요, 있어요 / 네, 없어요)
  • understanding the concept of different speech levels and styles in Korean, and using sentence-final verb endings in three speech styles appropriately for the audience: –ㅂ/습니다, –ㅂ/습니까, –ㅂ/읍시다, –(으)십시오 (the formal polite style); –어/아요 (the informal polite style); and –어/아 (the intimate style)
  • analysing the structure of complex verb phrases and expanding their use, understanding how meanings are added to the main verb, such as desire, likelihood, shift of actions, designation, habits, pretence (as if …) and verge (almost ...), for example, 알고 싶어요, 비가 올 것 같아요, 갔다 왔어요, 보러 가요,조깅을 하곤 했어요, 바쁜 척했어요, 가지 못할 뻔했어요
  • reporting speech or thought using –다고/–(이)라고, forexample, 맞다고 생각해요, 4 번이라고 생각해요; 한국에서 가장 큰 축제라고 해요
  • connecting ideas in different relationships using a range of conjunctive suffixes, noting the different tense expressions in the two connected clauses, for example:
    • –다가: 학교에 가다가 친구를 만났어요: 학교에 갔다가 친구를만났어요
    • –(으)니까: 비가 올 것 같으니까 우산을 가지고 가세요
    • –(으)ㄴ/는데: 생각을 많이 해 봤는데 아직 잘 모르겠어
    • –느라고: 축구를 하느라고 숙제를 못 했어요
    • –더니: 한국에 갔더니 아름다운 산이 아주 많았어요
    • –(으)면서: 소라가 음악을 들으면서 책을 읽고 있어요
    • –다면: 한국에 간다면 제주도에 가 보고싶어요
  • using the structures: a verb stem + –기 때문에 and a noun + 에 대해서 appropriately, for example, 비가 자주 오지 않기 때문에 물을 아껴야 해요; 쓰레기 분리수거에 대해서 이야기해 봅시다
  • understanding the function and meaning of a range of defective nouns (불완전 명사, for example, 동안, 때, 뻔, 것/거, 척, …) used in complex structures, and using them appropriately: …노래하는 동안(에) …; 한국에 갈 때(에) …; 비행기를 못 탈 뻔했어요; 학교에 갔을 거예요; 바쁜 척 했어요
  • using a range of sentence enders and understanding their differences in meaning and appropriateness to the context, for example, –잖아요, –(으)ㄹ래요, –(으)ㄹ까요, –(으)ㅂ시다, –(으)ㄴ/는데요, –지요

  VCKOU203 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU133

  Understand that ways people use language reflect their culture, such as where and how they live and what is important to them, finding examples of similarities and differences between Korean and Australian ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • comparing gestures and body language associated with language use in different cultures, for example, bowing and saying 안녕하세요? when greeting in Korean, different ways of kissing on the cheek saying ‘hi’ in English-speaking cultures including Australia and pressing noses (that is, hongi) and saying ‘kia-ora’ when greeting in Maori
  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’ and how it involves visible elements, for example, ways of eating or symbols such as flags, and invisible elements, for example, how people live, what they value, and how they think about themselves and others

  VCKOU133 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCKOU184

  Understand and use grammatical forms and structures such as suffixes for tense, honorifics and polite style marking, and auxiliary verbs and particles, using appropriate metalanguage to identify or explain forms, structures and parts of speech

  Elaborations

  • extending the use of case markers and particles to express the genitive case (소라의 생일이에요), a time frame (아침부터 저녁까지 서핑했어요), the instrumental case (색연필로 그림을 그려요) and the directional case (왼쪽으로 가세요), and to use a nominal connective –와/과 (불고기와 김치를 먹어요)
  • learning how to modify a noun by using an adjectival form of the premodifying descriptive verb suffixed by –(으)ㄴ, for example, 좋은 생각, 착한 사람
  • expressing future plans using –(으)ㄹ 거예요, for example, 한국에 갈 거예요
  • expressing intention or conjecture using –겠–, for example, 파티에 참석하겠어요, 비가 오겠어요
  • asking for or offering suggestions using –(으)ㄹ까요?, for example, 무엇을 살까요? 이 책을 읽을까요?
  • connecting clauses using conjunctive suffixes (clausal connectives) such as –어/아서, –지만, –(으)면 to express events or ideas in different relationships
  • identifying time references expressed by forms and structures of verbs such as –었/았– and –(으)ㄹ 거예요 and learning how to use them in two-clause sentences, for example, 김치가맛있었지만 조금 짰어요; 학교에 가서 공부할 거예요
  • using basic complex-verb structures such as –어/아 주다, –고 있다, –(으)ㄹ 줄 알다, –(으)ㄹ수 있다 and –어/아 보다 as set phrases in their –어/아요 form to express complex ideas, for example, 보여 주세요, 자고 있어요, 할 줄 알아요, 먹을 수 있어요, 읽어 보세요
  • learning how to construct noun phrases out of verbs using a suffix –기 and using it with case markers or particles, for example, 한국어를 배우기가 쉬워요
  • extending the use of polite language to honorific particles and humble/honorific words, for example, 할머니께 선물을 드렸어요; 할아버지, 진지 드세요
  • understanding and developing metalanguage for parts of speech relating to grammatical functions such as naming (학교, 연필), referring to people or objects (나/저, 이것/저것/그것), qualifying things (예쁜 꽃) and expressing actions, states or qualities (먹어요, 좋아요)
  • comparing how the case of a noun or pronoun is identified in Korean and English sentences, for example, 저는 사과를 먹어요 versus ‘I eat apples’

  VCKOU184 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Languages | Korean: Rationale and Aims

  Rationale

  Students acquire communication skills in Korean. They develop  understanding about the role of language and culture in communication. Their reflections on  language use and language learning are applied in other learning contexts.

  Learning languages broadens students’ horizons...

  Overview material | Korean

• VCKOC156

  Listen to, view and read texts for specific information drawn from a range of sources relating to social and cultural worlds in different times, places and communities, and to different learning areas

  Elaborations

  • identifying information in texts such as advertisements, conversations, brochures and announcements, and sharing this information with others in another format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • reading texts and extracting key points about an issue or topic (such as weather, types of activities for young people, daily routines), and sharing information with peers, for example, 날씨가 어때요? 비가 와요; 언제 만나요? 내일 두 시에 만나요
  • reading, viewing and listening to texts to collect information about concepts related to other learning areas such as the arts, humanities and science
  • identifying and comparing perspectives represented in spoken and written informative texts, for example, 누가 썼어요/말했어요? ...이/가 맞는 것 같아요? 왜 맞아요?

  VCKOC156 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing