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• VCJAU162

  Make connections between cultural practices and values and language use, such as formulaic expressions, and consider how these affect intercultural communication

  Elaborations

  • noticing ways in which Japanese language and behaviour reflect values and traditions, for example, reluctance to volunteer or compete for attention in class, responding to compliments じょうず　です　ね。いいえ, and prioritising the group rather than the individual
  • understanding that people ‘read’ intercultural experiences in different ways depending on their cultural perspective, recognising the validity of different perspectives and questioning notions of ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ ideas
  • imagining potential challenges for a visiting Japanese student spending time in an Australian classroom, and identifying phrases, expressions and behaviours that may need explaining, and elements of interaction, such as the use of personal space or volume of voice, that may appear inappropriate
  • reflecting on how different languages and cultures represented in the classroom influence ways of communicating about or relating to social and physical environments, for example, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander traditions in relation to place, language and culture
  • identifying and comparing traditional and contemporary cultural images used in Japanese and Australian print and media advertising and tourist brochures, considering when they are used and what message they convey
  • noticing similarities and differences between their own ways of communicating and observed interactions between young Japanese speakers in contexts such as everyday social situations or online forums, for example, responding to offers of food or drink, turn-taking in conversations

  VCJAU162 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCLVU173

  Understand how the language has been recorded in the past, and how this affects language building processes

  Elaborations

  • understanding how the language was recorded in the past, by whom and for what purposes
  • understanding the techniques of how the language was recorded in the past, what this means to the language and how it has affected current representation of the language
  • understanding reasons for different spellings of words within the language, for example, how sounds may have been misheard, meanings been misunderstood and other unintentional errors introduced in the documentation process of the language
  • understanding how language resources such as living speakers, recorded texts and archival information are used in the language building process
  • identifying gaps in the vocabulary of the language, considering what responses may be necessary
  • helping to build a community of learners–speakers who use the language, for example, by teaching younger members of the school community and/or classes in local primary schools

  VCLVU173 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Role of language building

• Auslan - Second Language Learner - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 description

  Students are expanding their knowledge of vocabulary and sentence construction. With support, they use constructed action to show participants in a narrative, modify indicating verbs for non-present referents with increasing accuracy across a text, and use more complex entity depicting signs....

  Level description | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence

• VCTRC038

  Gather, classify and compare information from print, digital and multimodal resources relating to their physical environment and social and cultural worlds

  Elaborations

  • gathering information from a range of digital and print resources about social and cultural activities in their community, making a list of terms, expressions or behaviours, such as Bayramınız kutlu olsun!, Başınız sağ olsun!, Hayırlara vesile olsun, Allah izin verirse, Hayırlı olsun
  • conducting interviews with family members or friends to collect stories of migration to Australia, identifying words and expressions that reflect important values and feelings, such as gurbet, özlem, heyecan, güvenlik, dostluk, komşuluk
  • gathering and comparing information on topics such as significant elements of family life, community or schooling in Australian and Turkish contexts
  • surveying friends and family members to report on cultural trends or changing social behaviours, such as preferred modes of communication
  • researching their own bicultural biographies, for example, by talking with relatives in Australia and elsewhere to know more about their family’s heritage, history or circumstances, comparing their details with those of their friends
  • collecting and presenting information from a range of print and digital resources about features of their local environment, for example, su, orman yangınları, ekosistem, yabani yaşam
  • viewing documentaries that reflect lifestyles of Turkish-speaking communities in different regions of the world, such as Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti,Türkmenistan, recording key facts and unfamiliar vocabulary or expressions
    
  • gathering information about well-known people in fields such as sport, entertainment, pop culture, the arts or history, to create a profile to present to their peers

  VCTRC038 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCLVC153

  Participate in guided tasks that involve following instructions, making things, cooperating with peers, planning for and conducting shared events, activities or school performances

  Elaborations

  • participating in excursions with respected community members to experience story places or keeping places, listening to associated stories
  • visiting community centres, art centres or language centres and recording the experiences, for example, by developing a digital presentation or photo-story
  • working with respected community members to develop a short ‘Welcome to Country/Place’ and/or ‘Acknowledgment of Country/Place’ to use at formal school functions or community events
  • working together on collaborative tasks, such as designing posters, menus or invitations for special events, designing class bush tucker or a garden, creating picture books for buddy classes
  • interacting with respected community members/community speakers, following instructions, for example when making an artefact, creating an art work or preparing bush tucker, using hand signs as appropriate
  • participating in and sharing responses to local cultural events and celebrations
  • participating in national celebrations and significant events, for example, NAIDOC Week, Reconciliation Week, Harmony Day, labelling and captioning photos for a class display and sharing responses through class discussion
  • creating a skit, performance or action game to introduce a buddy class to aspects of the language and associated culture, for example, individual words, gestures or expressions associated with common exchanges such as introductions, items and artefacts
  • engaging in shared tasks which involve planning and collaborating, for example, preparing, rehearsing and conducting public presentations and performances, such as an item for a school assembly or a digital presentation about a significant event
  • giving directions, for example, to guide others to specific locations

  VCLVC153 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC163

  Share ideas and feelings about people they know, their daily lives, social activities and the school community

  Elaborations

  • describing experiences and how they made them feel, for example:
    DEAF PERSON WILL VISIT SCHOOL PRO1 EXCITED MEET
    I am excited to meet the deaf visitor.
    POSS1 FRIEND CHANGE OTHER SCHOOL PRO1 SAD
    I was sad when my friend moved away.
    
  • discussing aspects of their school experience, using familiar lexicalised fingerspelled signs to talk about shared places or people they know, for example:
    M-O-N M-R S-M-I-T-H GIVE-_me BOOK THAT NEW
    On Monday Mr Smith gave me a new book.
    
  • comparing weekend or holiday routines, interests and activities, using signs associated with time, sequence and location, for example:
    REGULAR SUMMER PRO1-_plural GROUP-MOVE-TO BEACH STAY++ THREE WEEK
    We go to the beach for three weeks in summer.
    WEEKEND PRO1 GO-TO-AND-BACK++ CAMP
    I go camping on weekends.
    
  • discussing shared experiences of school events, using appropriate interactional strategies when communicating in pairs or in groups, for example, using NMFs and eye gaze to gain, hold or finish a turn, for example:
    THEATRE GOOD, LONG-_really
    I liked the theatre performance but it was soo long.
    SCHOOL SWIMMING RACE, GOOD BAD, PRO2 THINK WHAT?
    What did you think about the swimming carnival?
    
  • describing relationships between members of their families or between classmates, for example:
    PRO3 POSS1 COUSIN WE2 GOOD FRIEND.
    She’s my cousin; we’re good friends.
    
  • comparing attributes or characteristics of classmates or classroom objects, for example:
    S-A-M RUN FAST C-H-R-I-S WORSE FAST SPEED
    Sam runs fast but Chris runs the fastest.
    THAT BEST COMPUTER
    That’s the best computer.
    

  VCASFC163 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC043

  Create live or filmed performances that engage specific audiences and present imagined experiences, people or places

  Elaborations

  • working collaboratively to create a filmed episode of a pilot for a new Deaf sitcom, incorporating elements such as conflict, suspense or humour
  • creating and performing imaginary scenarios that reflect experiences in their own lives
  • creating a performance for a class or school talent show, such as a signed song, skit or humorous retelling of an anecdote
  • signing different versions of a familiar short story, changing perspectives according to different characters
  • creating original stories or short plays for younger learners of Auslan, incorporating scene-setting, action/conflict and resolution, and including opportunities for audience participation
  • creating a video record of an imagined formal or informal interview, incorporating elements of humour or tension and building character and mood through the use of NMFs and pauses
  • creating additional dimensions or changing the focus of a fictional experience by varying the use of manner, constructed action, space and aspect
  • participating in a class storytelling competition, conforming to conventions of character perspective and relationship with audience
  • creating amusing reinterpretations or spoofs of traditional fairytales, using exaggerated elements of sign and gesture
  • improvising spontaneous responses to a stimulus such as 'Sixty Seconds to Make the Audience Laugh, Cry …'

  VCASFC043 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• Turkish - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Turkish to interact by sharing ideas and experiences, for example, 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramında ben şiir okudum. Ramazan Bayramında dedem bana harçlık verdi. When interacting, they show interest and respect for...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• VCTRC045

  Compare their experiences of moving between Turkish and English, identifying advantages and challenges in respect to being bilingual or multilingual

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the experience of being bilingual or multilingual, discussing the benefits of knowing more than one language and considering whether moving between languages affects their sense of identity
  • comparing family cultures, considering how their own upbringing has shaped their sense of identity, for example, how Turkish and Australian cultural influences are differently reflected in their daily lives, interests and social activities
  • reflecting on how interacting in Turkish feels different to interacting in English and identifying elements that feel culturally specific
  • considering how identity is expressed across languages and cultures, discussing the idea of belonging as expressed in different languages

  VCTRC045 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEC146

  Engage in intercultural interactions, describing aspects of language and culture that are unfamiliar or uncomfortable, and discussing own reactions and adjustments

  Elaborations

  • observing how language use reflects politeness and the closeness of social relationships, such as different levels of formality through the use of du/ihr/Sie, and familiarity with friends, for example, nicknames (Spitznamen) and various uses of diminutives (-chen, -lein)
  • noticing the use of and evaluating whether or not to adopt German expressions such as exclamations (Ach so! Echt!), and gestures such as indicating approval with ‘thumbs up’ (comparing with the use of one thumb to indicate the number ‘one’) and ‘applauding’ by rapping knuckles on the table
  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour such as gestures affect interactions and may be interpreted, for example, noticing similarities and differences in body language when interacting with people from German-speaking countries (shrugging, nodding one’s head)
  • noticing own reaction (level of comfort/discomfort) to different cultural practices such as asking Wie geht’s? and not expecting a detailed response about health and current medical conditions
  • recognising aspects of own language use that reflect own cultural perspective and experiences, for example, references to climate and environment, animals, activities and routines such as chores, and celebrations and events

  VCDEC146 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCLVU169

  Explore the language situation of language communities and the diversity of language contexts in Australia

  Elaborations

  • investigating the nature and state of health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages across Australia and in their region
  • recognising that many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are multilingual, and discussing reasons for this
  • learning about the current language situation in the language: its state of health, the nature of the speech community and generational differences, and discussing reasons for these characteristics
  • recognising that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are in various states of maintenance, development and revival, and investigating the diversity of historical causes for this
  • recognising how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages have been transmitted and recorded across generations
  • exploring how physical and biological environments affect linguistic ecology
  • recognising shared vocabulary across Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, and understanding why there might be variations in spelling
  • recognising dialectal differences and similarities within languages
  • investigating ways in which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are used in the local region and in the wider Australian community, for example, in the media, in art galleries, festivals, on public transport

  VCLVU169 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCTRC037

  Participate in classroom interactions that involve asking and responding to questions, seeking clarification, indicating understanding, reflecting and providing feedback

  Elaborations

  • interacting during group learning experiences by asking each other questions, making suggestions or checking on progress, for example, Ben ne yapabilirim? Sen not alır mısın? Bu sayfayı mı okuyacaktık? Cevapları maddeler halinde yazsak daha iyi olur. Ne dersiniz?
  • participating in discussions and debates on issues and experiences that affect their school, home or community lives, for example, Zorbalık, evde iş bölümü, Türk festivalinde çocuklar için neler yapılmalı, and clarifying their own statements, for example, Bence, bana göre
  • evaluating each other’s comments or suggestions when working together, indicating agreement or disagreement and negotiating changes, for example, Anladım, Anlayamadım, Yardım eder misin? Cevabım doğru mu? Emin değilim, şöyle yaparsak… daha iyi olur, peki öyle olsun … Bence … daha güzel olur
  • reflecting on their learning experiences and providing each other with feedback, advice or reminders, for example, Süper, harika, mükemmel, unutma, çok zor

  VCTRC037 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESU157

  Understand and use grammatical elements such as tenses, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, adverbs and noun-adjective agreements to construct simple texts for different purposes

  Elaborations

  • noticing that there are two verbs in Spanish for ‘to be’, ser (José es mi hermano) and estar (Estoy cansada)
  • using simple forms of present and past tenses in context (Ayer fue martes y hoy es miércoles), and describing intended actions using the near future tense ir + a + infinitive, for example, Manuel va a mirar su celular/móvil
  • using the conditional mode as a formulaic expression, for example, Me gustaría ser pintor, No me gustaría vivir en una isla pequeña
  • identifying the use and omission of subject pronouns in familiar structures, for example, Vivo en Australia, Ella es Lourdes
  • using interrogative pronouns and correct word order to ask questions and make requests, for example, ¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?¿Quieres jugar en el patio?
  • building compound sentences to express opinions, preferences or reasons using words such as porque, también and pero, for example, Me gusta cantar, pero prefiero bailar porque es divertido. No me gusta ver la televisión porque es aburrido. Mi comida favorita es el pescado, pero también como carne
  • indicating frequency using adverbs, for example, siempre, a veces, nunca
  • noticing the flexibility of word order in relation to verbs and adverbs, for example, En verano, voy siempre a la playa/En verano, voy a la playa siempre/ En verano, siempre voy a la playa
  • using ordinal numbers, for example, Rosario Arjona es la primera de la lista, Luis vive en la quinta planta
  • understanding gender and number agreement between articles, nouns and adjectives, for example, Tengo un libro nuevo, Las montañas rocosas son muy bonitas
  • comparing the use of diminutives to express affection in Spanish (hermanita, periquita, gatico/gatito) to some equivalents in English, for example, ‘dear little sister’, ‘lovely little cat’
  • using comparatives based on models, for example, tan grande como …, más caro que …, menos frío que…Australia es más grande que Europa
  • recognising that some nouns do not follow the regular masculine/feminine ending pattern, for example, el mapa, el problema, la mano
  • expressing reactions as exclamations, for example, ¡qué susto!; ¡qué hermoso!; ¡qué rico!;¡qué chulo!

  VCESU157 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• German - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 description

  Students increase their range of German vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar and textual knowledge. They use present tense forms of regular and irregular verbs, including some modal verbs and common separable verbs, and use plural forms of nouns and possessive adjectives. They add detail and...

  Level description | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence

• VCNRC039

  Convey and present information about aspects of personal world, through prepared texts such as diagrams, dialogues and timelines

  Elaborations

  • constructing a visual, digital or narrative profile of the local community for people arriving from overseas, collecting information from public and community texts, such as fliers, newsletters, advertisements and brochures
  • preparing and giving simple oral presentations on personal world, for example, a timeline of growth and change, family celebrations and other special occasions
  • presenting the results of a class survey about aspects of personal world such as daily routines, for example, by creating a poster or digital presentation using diagrams, charts or timelines
  • conveying information to others using descriptive language, for example, producing a simple brochure or an advertisement about a city or tourist attraction in a country where the language is spoken
  • preparing a dialogue with a partner about self
  • using graphic organisers to convey information in particular ways, for example, to show priorities (list/table), to compare statistics or ideas (Venn diagram), or to highlight frequency (graphs)
  • reporting information based on own or group research, and supporting the information with photos, illustrations, captions or diagrams

  VCNRC039 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• Chinese - Second Language Learner - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Chinese to initiate and maintain interactions. They describe and give information about themselves and their preferences, their environment, experiences and interests, for example, 我很喜欢唱歌。我的学校很漂亮。我觉得澳大利亚是很好的国家. They use simple questions (for example,

  Level description | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• VCLVU170

  Understand that the use of stories and names in Aboriginal languages are culturally determined

  Elaborations

  • observing and discussing protocols surrounding the retelling and sharing of stories
  • recognising and using principles and protocols of cultural safety when engaging with cultural material/property, such as names of things, peoples and places, visual and aural recordings, art work
  • understanding how and when Welcomes and Acknowledgements are required and who is entitled to deliver them

  VCLVU170 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCNRC037

  Interact in class activities, using questions, statements and responses to enhance, demonstrate and share understanding

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers during individual or group activities
  • checking on progress during learning tasks or activities
  • asking peers politely to do something and responding to requests, for example, giving and receiving things
  • talking about the experience of learning and using the language, comparing what they can and cannot do

  VCNRC037 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAC035

  Interact with peers to describe aspects of daily life, school, friends and pastimes

  Elaborations

  • giving opinions about aspects of the students' personal world such as likes and dislikes, interests and leisure activities
  • describing significant people such as family members, friends and teachers, their relationship, physical appearance and characteristics/qualities
  • recounting experiences with family and friends
  • sustaining interactions with others by using strategies such as asking questions

  VCRAC035 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESC155

  Discuss how it feels to interact in a different language, what they understand by ‘identity’, and whether learning Spanish has any effect on their sense of self

  Elaborations

  • identifying elements of identity that may be important across all cultures, for example, family, community, location
  • monitoring their development as a learner and user of Spanish, for example, through recording progress in learning logs, blogs or journals
  • discussing whether learning and using Spanish affects their sense of identity in or out of the classroom, making reference to experiences such as eating in restaurants, playing games or communicating with Spanish speakers
  • exploring the idea of stereotypes associated with languages and identities, discussing how groups of people tend to think about themselves and others, and how stereotypes affect attitudes and communication
  • creating a self-profile such as an avatar or montage with self-introduction, making choices about the design, content and language used

  VCESC155 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting