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• VCADRR028

  Identify intended purposes and meaning of drama, including the drama of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • discussing the planning, developing or refining of aspects of drama they are making and how their drama has been influenced by drama they have viewed or performed
  • comparing the expectations and requirements of performers and audience in different cultural settings and apply learning in their own performances
  • comparing drama in their community to drama of other people, times and locations, for example talking with local Koorie community members about how Koorie people told traditional stories through drama in earlier times and how the same stories are communicated now
  • using drama terminology, write about and discuss the meaning and intentions of their own drama, for example, responding to questions such as ‘what are the stories and the ideas in the drama they watch and listen to, which characters do they identify with, what relationships and situations do they recognise in the drama?’

  VCADRR028 | The Arts | Drama | Levels 3 and 4 | Respond and Interpret

• VCAVCDR005

  Identify and describe the use of methods, media, materials, design elements and design principles in visual communications from different historical, social and cultural contexts

  Elaborations

  • identifying the effectiveness of methods, media and materials in a range of visual communications
  • identify the use of design elements and principles in a range of visual communications and how these are used to effectively communicate ideas and engage the target audience.
  • identifying how design elements and principles are used in combination with drawing conventions, materials, methods and media to communicate ideas to a target audience
  • discussing how the use of materials, methods, media, design elements, design principles are applied to visual communication styles from different times and places, for example, investigating presentations from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the styles that reflect particular ‘countries’ and groupings
  • discussing the influence of the target audience on visual communications, for example, how the target audience and purpose of a visual communication affects the use of design elements and principles and processes in visual communications

  VCAVCDR005 | The Arts | Visual Communication Design | Levels 7 and 8 | Respond and Interpret

• VCDEU133

  Identify the purposes of familiar personal, informative and imaginative texts such as maps, calendars and fairy tales, and explain how particular features of such texts help to achieve these purposes

  Elaborations

  • classifying a range of digital and other texts such as fairy tales, recipes, instructions, advertisements, greeting cards, maps or songs according to their purpose(s) (such as to entertain, describe or instruct), discussing and justifying choices in English
  • comparing wall calendars from a German-speaking country and Australia in terms of structure, public holidays, pictorial representation of seasons, and cultural influences
  • identifying and comparing the features of different types of texts, such as a cookery book, a picture storybook or a comic
  • discussing the structure of shared reading texts, identifying sentences, questions, answers and greetings (Satz, Frage, Antwort and Gruß), and recognising how different textual elements such as title, layout, script and images combine to make meaning

  VCDEU133 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCESU035

  Understand how language diversity reflects local and global variations in social and cultural histories

  Elaborations

  • recognising that in many Spanish-speaking countries other languages are co-official with Spanish, such as Guaraní in Paraguay, Catalan, Galician and Basque/Euskera in Spain, and Quiché in Guatemala, and investigating the history and issues surrounding such relationships between languages
  • investigating the status and function of indigenous languages in Spanish-speaking countries, considering issues such as language rights, language death, and revival and reclamation efforts, and drawing comparisons with Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages in Australia
  • exploring the influence of Latin-American popular culture in the United States and the rest of the world, for example, cinema, music and TV channels, telenovelas, sport
  • considering how the process of moving between standard/national languages and regional languages such as Catalan or Basque reflects personal, social and political histories

  VCESU035 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCESU197

  Investigate the variety of languages used in different communities in the Spanish-speaking world, for example, Mapudungun, Basque/Euskera and Náhuatl

  Elaborations

  • recognising that in many Spanish-speaking countries other languages are co-official with Spanish, such as Guaraní in Paraguay, Catalan, Galician and Basque/Euskera in Spain, and Quiché in Guatemala, and investigating the history and issues surrounding such relationships between languages
  • investigating the status and function of indigenous languages in Spanish-speaking countries, considering issues such as language rights, language death, and revival and reclamation efforts, and drawing comparisons with Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages in Australia
  • considering how the process of moving between standard/national languages and regional languages such as Catalan or Basque reflects personal, social and political histories
  • considering the development of Spanglish in communities of Spanish speakers and developing awareness of current debates and discussions around such hybrid forms of languages
  • exploring the influence of Latin-American popular culture in the United States and the world, for example, cinema, music and TV channels, telenovelas, sport

  VCESU197 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCFRU070

  Reflect on changes in their own use of language(s) over time, noticing how and when new ways are adopted or existing ways adapted

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on changes in their own ways of communicating, identifying new terms and behaviours which have become part of everyday language through changes in technology and social media, for example, language associated with l’Internet, le portable, les jeux électroniques, electronic messaging replacing handwritten letters or cards
  • examining own and others’ ways of interacting to detect influences from other people, cultures or media products, for example, friends, relatives, teachers, media personalities; travel, education, music and entertainment
  • comparing the experience of learning French and other languages, either in school or in community contexts, and considering how languages intersect or are used for different social functions within families and friendship groups

  VCFRU070 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCFRU124

  Examine the nature of language change in response to changing cultural conditions

  Elaborations

  • identifying factors involved in language change and adaptation, for example by creating flowcharts or diagrams using captions such as la mondialisation, l’immigration, le multiculturalisme, les médias, les informations
  • finding examples of cross-cultural influences between French, English and Australian-English cultural expressions, art forms and vocabulary, for example, young musicians in France studying le didgeridoo
  • considering the concept of ‘ecology’ in relation to French and other languages; that is, the interaction of the language with constantly changing environments due to globalisation, technology, language shifts and exchange
  • understanding that languages increasingly blend to create new forms and functions, for example by comparing traditional creole languages in English-speaking and francophone communities

  VCFRU124 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCFRU123

  Recognise that French is used in varying ways to achieve different purposes

  Elaborations

  • comparing spoken and written texts such as apologies or invitations to identify how differences in grammar and text features determine the nature of interactions, for example, formal or informal (je t’invite! Nous serions très heureux de vous accueillir chez nous)
  • observing forms of communication in different situations, and explaining how elements such as body language and use of personal space or silence contribute to the nature of the interaction and reflect status or relationship
  • examining the power of language to influence actions and beliefs (for example, analysing the wording of appels de secours d’urgence: nous sommes de tout cœur avec les communautés dévastées…), and noticing the use of grammatical choices to include or exclude, for example, vous les autres… nous les jeunes…
  • recognising how diversity of expression and language forms reflects the diversity of individual and community perspectives and experiences

  VCFRU123 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHHC127

  Analyse the long term causes, short term triggers and the intended and unintended effects of significant events and developments

  Elaborations

  • using sources of evidence (perspectives and interpretations) identify causes and effects of the civil rights movement
  • using chronologies to observe and identify long term causes, short term triggers, turning points, short and long term effects of World War I and World War II
  • organising causes and effects of European settlement into a concept map
  • differentiating between intended and unintended effects.
  • using graphic organisers such as concept maps, causal spider webs, fishbone or ripple effect charts
  • analysing the multiplicity of causes and effects that may have a varying of influence and rank according to their significance and justify ranking
  • constructing an explanation using sources of evidence to support the analysis of a significant individual, event and/or cultural achievement

  VCHHC127 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Cause and effect

• VCHHK134

  Intended and unintended causes and effects of contact and extension of settlement of European power(s), including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • evaluating the effects of the movement of peoples on the indigenous and immigrant populations.
    • explaining the effects of contact, for example, the massacres of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; their killing of sheep; the spread of European diseases, frontier violence, and categorising these effects as either intended or unintended
    • investigating the forcible removal of children from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families in the late nineteenth century/early twentieth century (leading to the Stolen Generations), such as the motivations for the removal of children, the practices and laws that were in place, and experiences of separation
  • Asia
    • describing the British Raj and the forms of British influence in India, for example, the building of roads, an extensive railway network, schools and Christian missions
    • describing the causes of European imperialism in China and the effects of the Opium Wars, Taiping Rebellion in China
    • analysing the effects of Commodore Matthew Perry diplomatic mission to Japan to force open Japanese ports to American trade culminating in the signing of the Treaty of Kanagawa 1954

  VCHHK134 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCHIC058

  Access, collate and analyse information from different print and digital sources to present an overview or develop a position on selected issues or interests

  Elaborations

  • accessing and collating information produced in different contexts that reflect Indian and/or Australian lifestyles over different times and contexts
  • engaging critically with texts that report on personal, social or community activities, for example, blogs, social media texts or community announcements, discussing how texts reflect cultural contexts
  • using organisers such as concept maps, pie charts or tables to summarise information and develop a position on issues of interest to their peer group
  • summarising information from differently-sourced texts that report on contributions of important historical figures and moments, such as the influence of Gandhi to peace movements, the freedom struggle in India and civil rights
  • collecting information from websites, newspapers or magazines to build reference resources on different topics/issues, classifying information according to concepts such as संचार; ग़रीबी; स्वास्थ्य
  • gathering information about well-known people in fields such as sport, entertainment, youth culture, the arts or history to create a digital profile to present to their peers

  VCHIC058 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCHIU088

  Categorise observed changes to Hindi in domains of use such as education, media, popular culture and intercultural communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying changes in Hindi language forms and communicative styles in domains of use such as IT, diplomacy and commerce
  • classifying words and expressions from other languages that they use in different curriculum areas such as science, visual arts, economics, social studies
  • creating glossaries of terms that originated in other languages that they use in different areas of their own lives, for example, Persian सरकार, Arabic अदालत,Turkish क़ुली and Japanese रिक्शा
  • talking with older members of their families or communities about changes to Hindi across their lifetime, such as the blending of English and Hindi in language used in entertainment, news and sports commentary or advertising
  • analysing the language of the internet in terms of inter-language influences, for example, by identifying examples of Hindi words that have been adapted to accommodate concepts expressed in other languages

  VCHIU088 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITC050

  Share aspects of own identity such as appearance, character, background, family, preferences and experiences, including own role as a learner of Italian, and consider how these aspects contribute to identity formation

  Elaborations

  • connecting various experiences of learning Italian and describing how learning Italian has influenced own everyday behaviour and language use, for example, using Italian outside the Italian classroom, playing Italian games online, going to dinner at an Italian restaurant and being able to read some of the signs and/or the menu
  • connecting various experiences and reflecting on self in interaction with others and how each person is perceived by others, for example, Sono fiero perché … Gli italiani in Australia amano.. Mia nonna è contenta quando … lo sono contento di parlare … Sono timido … Non parlo … Ho imparato … Ho visto …. Sono sorpreso di scoprire...

  VCITC050 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCITU092

  Investigate how language varies according to context and speakers

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts created for different audiences, such as advertisements, brochures and signs for urban and rural communities or different regions, noticing how the language reflects ideas and concerns that are important to different communities
  • analysing differences in lexis and syntax between regional uses of Standard Italian and dialect
  • exploring texts associated with particular subgroups in Italian communities (for example, children, youth, women, the elderly, rappers, police, athletes) to understand how groups develop their own language and how this influences membership
  • analysing degrees of formality in correspondence and dialogue to discover features of language that affect formality, for example, the use of the subjunctive (Qualunque cosa vuoi, non fare complimenti. Qualunque cosa Lei voglia, non faccia complimenti)

  VCITU092 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU019

  Notice and reflect (mainly in English) on different cultural practices and the specific ways of using language in different cultures

  Elaborations

  • observing through visual and audio-visual resources such as video clips and photos that members of Italian-speaking communities may do everyday things differently to themselves, for example, shaking hands, kissing on cheek, starting a meal with Buon appetito
  • responding to guiding questions through which they reflect on experiences, such as greeting and socialising with others, or discussing aspects of school routines or family life, for example, What do you think about this? How would it feel if you were there/doing that? How do you feel about …? Is it the same or different in Italy and Australia?
  • understanding that culture influences representations of sounds such as those made by animals, for example, bau bau (dog), pio pio (chicken), gru gru (pig)

  VCITU019 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCJAC155

  Discuss the experience of speaking and interacting in a different language, what they understand by ‘identity’, and whether learning Japanese has any effect on their sense of self

  Elaborations

  • identifying elements of identity that are important across all cultures, for example, family, community, location
  • creating multimodal texts that represent elements of their own identity, such as personal emblems/mottos, self-profile, photo journal, or caricature/self-portrait, and considering how Japanese children of the same age might respond to these
  • exploring the idea of stereotypes and how people think about others from different cultural backgrounds
  • practising formulaic expressions such as those exchanged before and after meals or when giving or receiving gifts or food, for example, いただきます、ごちそうさまでした, and reflecting on the experience of using such exchanges
  • considering whether learning and using Japanese impacts on their sense of identity or influences their behaviour in or out of the classroom, for example, when playing Japanese games online, eating in Japanese restaurants and reading signs or menus

  VCJAC155 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCJAU177

  Understand how and why different scripts are used in different types of texts, such as announcements, tickets, advertisements, public signs or manga

  Elaborations

  • recognising key features and structures of familiar texts in Japanese, such as lost child announcements, spoken commercials or print advertisements, for example, by identifying formulaic expressions, and comparing with expressions in similar texts in English
  • recognising the format of different Japanese texts and punctuation conventions in either たてがき or よこがき, and understanding how this varies according to the context, purpose and intended audience
  • understanding how to create textual cohesion, using elements such as paragraphing or conjunctions to sequence and link ideas and to maintain the flow of expression, for example, だから、それで、それに
  • comparing and contrasting the structures of a variety of authentic community texts in Japanese and English, exploring how the audience, purpose and context influence each language version

  VCJAU177 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC201

  Investigate different aspects of their personal sense of identity, considering how learning and experiencing Korean language and culture have (or have not) changed own sense of identity, views or attitudes

  Elaborations

  • producing an autobiography in various formats such as articles, photo stories with captions, digital stories or short films, including important episodes related to the experience of learning Korean language and culture that have impacted on their identity and attitudes
  • composing a ‘cultural ID profile’ to exchange with Korean-speaking friends, making decisions about what information will be of most interest
  • sharing with others, views and opinions on the ongoing influence of Korean language learning, relating it to own aspirations and ambitions, for example, composing a self-portrait with reference to Korean language and culture after 10 years
  • reflecting on own cultural identity in terms of family background, community relationships and contact with languages (including contact with Korean and other languages and cultures), tracking changes over time or context

  VCKOC201 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCKOC182

  Create spoken, written or multimodal texts that reflect significant experiences related to the experience of learning Korean language and culture

  Elaborations

  • mapping their own linguistic and cultural profiles, for example, by creating a chart/timeline/webprofile to highlight formative elements such as family languages, key relationships and intercultural experiences
  • describing their significant past encounters with Korean language and culture involving people, places and events, and the influence these encounters have had in shaping own identity, recording their experiences by, for example, keeping a digital/online journal in blogs or wikis
  • reflecting on own identity, relating it to own past experience involving Korean language and culture,and considering how others’ experience impacts on their identity
  • sharing and comparing, face-to-face and online, cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities, and exchanging views on the benefits of speaking more than one language, such as having a larger vocabulary to draw on, new insights and perspectives, and opportunities for new experiences

  VCKOC182 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAC061

  Participate in intercultural interactions with peers, comparing aspects of culture, monitoring how own culture impacts on language use and how this may enhance or inhibit understanding

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with gestures and body language, and considering which will or will not be incorporated into the students' own interactions
  • noticing the use of expressions such as fillers and exclamations and deciding whether or not to adopt them in own language use
  • making language choices with awareness of how these might be interpreted by speakers of the language, for example, ways to show respect
  • recognising how others’ perceptions will influence the language used in an interaction, for example, language is often slowed for a ‘foreigner’ and people may invite them to their home or ask to correspond with them
  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with speakers of the language, noticing own body language and modifying gestures that may not be understood
  • developing language for monitoring, describing and reflecting on using the language in intercultural experiences

  VCRAC061 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting