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• VCDSTC024

  Investigate how forces and the properties of materials affect the behaviour of a designed solution

  Elaborations

  • examining models to identify how forces and materials are used in the design of a toy
  • exploring through play how movement can be initiated by combining materials and using forces, for example releasing a wound rubber band to propel a model boat
  • conducting investigations to understand the characteristics and properties of materials and forces that may affect the behaviour and performance of a product or system, for example woomera design
  • deconstructing a product or system to identify how motion and forces affect behaviour, for example in a puppet such as a Japanese bunraku puppet or a model windmill with moving sails
  • identifying and exploring properties and construction relationships of an engineered product or system, for example a structure that floats; a bridge to carry a load
  • experimenting with available local materials, tools and equipment to solve problems requiring forces including identifying inputs (what goes in to the system), processes (what happens within the system) and outputs (what comes out of the system), for example designing and testing a container or parachute that will keep an egg intact when dropped from a height

  VCDSTC024 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Technologies Contexts | Engineering principles and systems

• VCESC184

  Analyse, synthesise and evaluate ideas and information from multiple sources on a range of local and global issues

  Elaborations

  • gathering information from a range of print and digital sources on topics such as ecoturismo or machismo, and identifying, evaluating and reporting on perspectives
  • distinguishing between fact and opinion in texts such as articles and reports, using critical literacy skills to recognise bias, for example, identifying the author, audience and purpose of the text
  • comparing and evaluating a range of perspectives on topics such as health, music, sport and religion presented in different media texts, and considering why people may have different perspectives
  • presenting commentaries collected from print, digital and personal sources of information on issues of interest to themselves and other young people, such as El impacto de los medios sociales en la vida cotidiana, El vestuario y la identidad, La influencia de la música en los jóvenes, classifying issues according to viewpoints and perspectives
  • researching cultural characteristics of a specific group of Spanish speakers to inform a course of action such as providing a Spanish-speaking exchange student with a suitable placement or a group of Spanish visitors with a suitable menu, or deciding on an appropriate time of year to visit a particular Spanish-speaking country or region
  • analysing published accounts of an event such as a sports match, a concert or a street party, identifying varying viewpoints

  VCESC184 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCGGK080

  The many Countries/Places of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples throughout Australia, and the custodial responsibility they have for Country/Place, and how this influences views about sustainability

  Elaborations

  • investigating how the Australian continent was (and still is) divided into many Aboriginal Countries and Torres Strait Islander Places, drawing on languages maps, geographical features and other sources such as Traditional Owners
  • compare the characteristics of two Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Countries/Places. For example, where students live and one elsewhere in Australia
  • exploring how oral traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were used to describe Country/Place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia and investigating how Aboriginal people were able to trade across the continent
  • investigating how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ ways of living were adapted to the resources of their Country/Place. For example, the alpine country of the Ngarigo People, the rainforests, beaches and dunes of the KuKu Yalanji People, the desert country of the Arrernte People, the savannah country of the Jawoyn People, the riverine plains of the Wiradjuri People, and the local Country/Place

  VCGGK080 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCHIC079

  Create imaginative or expressive texts that draw from and reflect elements of their own tastes and experience

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers to create dramatic or humorous representations of people, situations or events encountered in their own lives
  • creating riddles to compete with and entertain each other, imitating the use of meter, rhythm, rhyme and metaphor exemplified in riddles from Hindi literature and folklore
  • composing and performing poems or songs that incorporate elements of traditional or contemporary literary and musical forms and reflect their own experiences, for example, भक्ति or वीर गाथा verse, nonsense songs, raps
  • creating and performing texts that exaggerate characteristic elements of a selected genre for comic effect, such as a biased commentary on a sporting event
  • creating an imaginative text such as a diary entry or song lyric that expresses either positive or negative responses to the experience of living across different languages and cultures
  • creating an English-language commentary to an observed Hindi-language sitcom, discussing how to transfer or explain the humour or dramatic effects of the original text
  • using digital resources to create imaginary characters and situations associated with school or home contexts to entertain younger learners

  VCHIC079 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCHIU104

  Identify textual and grammatical features that characterise different types of literary, instructional, persuasive or imaginative texts in Hindi, comparing them with similar texts in English and other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising characteristic features of different text genres, such as headings, footnotes and reference lists in textbooks, rhetorical questions and persuasive language in advertisements, abbreviations and emoticons in emails and text messages, an opening orientation statement at the beginning of a narrative, such as जब वे केवल चौदह वर्ष के थे, उनकी पिता की मृत्यु हो गयी ।
  • comparing Hindi- and English-language versions of text types such as phone conversations, business letters or sports reports, considering whether differences in style or structure reflect differences in cultural values or practices
  • recognising rules of structure and composition in Hindi poetry, for example, by identifying patterns of rhythm, rhyme, repetition and meter in poems by सुभद्रा कुमारी चौहान or जयशंकर प्रसाद
  • developing metalanguage to talk about texts, for example, by identifying the purpose, features and typical structure of text genres, for example, निबन्ध में तीन भाग होते हैं- भूमिका, विषय-वस्तु और उपसंहार
  • recognising differences between the layout and language features of different types of texts and formats, such as चित्र-कथाएँ और लोक-कथाएँ
  • recognising the role played by different textual elements, for example, the layout, title, illustration and use of punctuation in a picture book or the use of repetition and rhyme in poems and chants
  • comparing the use of imagery or satire in a range of imaginative texts, discussing how these elements convey meaning and engage/entertain the audience

  VCHIU104 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCICCD015

  Identify the challenges and benefits of living and working in a culturally diverse society

  Elaborations

  • asking students to imagine themselves in the future or in another country and provide a range of prompts for them to address, such as ‘What does society look like?’, ‘How important is it that society is inclusive?’ or ‘If you could live in another country, where would you go and why?’ and ‘What skills might you need?’
  • identifying attributes that help people forge positive intercultural relationships, such as curiosity, sensitivity, empathy and kindness
  • holding a student-led discussion or role-play about the social challenges that arise from cultural diversity, for example, how people from different backgrounds with different levels of attainment in English experience contemporary Australian society, such as at the local supermarket, when applying for a job, or watching the news
  • creating a portfolio that identifies the characteristics of a ‘monocultural’ society and those of a ‘multicultural’ society , and using reflective prompts to challenge students assumptions, such as by identifying various sub-cultures within each type of society
  • prompting students to identify the criteria they would use to help decide where to live if they were migrating to another country, and extend advanced students by introducing challenges into the scenario, such as linguistic or economic restrictions

  VCICCD015 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Cultural Diversity

• VCITC024

  Obtain and process factual information about people, routines, responsibilities and interests

  Elaborations

  • surveying classmates or responding to questionnaires about likes, interests, routines and activities (for example, Ti piace ...? Mi piace/non mi piace. Qual è il tuo libro preferito? Qual è il tuo programma televisivo preferito?), tabulating the results, and presenting information in various forms, such as class profiles, birthday charts or summaries of findings, for example, Dieci bambini giocano a tennis e tre a basket
  • generating questions such as Quanti … A che ora? Dov’ è la festa?
  • reading profiles and other information about children in different cultural contexts, in print and digital form
  • ordering and categorising information, for example, cibi sani e cibi poco sani
  • asking and responding to questions that address information such as participants, characteristics of a person, and dates, times and locations of events of interest to the class, for example, la domenica; il dieci giugno; ha trentasette anni; è alto e forte; è grandissima; ha due ali; abita a Milano

  VCITC024 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCJAU196

  Analyse variations in language use that reflect different social and cultural contexts, purposes and relationships

  Elaborations

  • applying an understanding of Japanese values such as respect (内(うち)/外(そと)) by making appropriate language choices, for example, using ご/お prefixes, and plain or polite forms, and recognising characteristics of formal/informal registers
  • evaluating how language choices reflect social relations and priorities, such as using expressions that deflect praise of self or own family to show modesty, for example, 日本語がじょうずですね。いいえ、ぜんぜん。
  • noticing differences in text structure and grammar between formal and informal Japanese language use, such as abbreviations, dropping of particles and emphatic intonation in informal communication such as face-to-face interactions, blogs, emails and other forms of correspondence, for example, あした行く？/先生、あした行きますか。うん、わかった。/はい、わかりました。それは何？/山中(やまなか)さん、それは何ですか。
  • comparing verbal and non-verbal elements of communication in different languages and cultural contexts, such as ways of disagreeing or responding to thanks, or the use of gestures, facial expressions or あいづち/silence

  VCJAU196 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCLVU169

  Explore the language situation of language communities and the diversity of language contexts in Australia

  Elaborations

  • investigating the nature and state of health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages across Australia and in their region
  • recognising that many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are multilingual, and discussing reasons for this
  • learning about the current language situation in the language: its state of health, the nature of the speech community and generational differences, and discussing reasons for these characteristics
  • recognising that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are in various states of maintenance, development and revival, and investigating the diversity of historical causes for this
  • recognising how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages have been transmitted and recorded across generations
  • exploring how physical and biological environments affect linguistic ecology
  • recognising shared vocabulary across Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, and understanding why there might be variations in spelling
  • recognising dialectal differences and similarities within languages
  • investigating ways in which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are used in the local region and in the wider Australian community, for example, in the media, in art galleries, festivals, on public transport

  VCLVU169 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCTRU048

  Understand how different types of text in Turkish, including prose and verse, create effects to suit different audiences

  Elaborations

  • analysing and comparing language used in particular types of texts, for example, descriptive language in recounts or narratives, persuasive language in advertisements, humorous language in comic verse or puppet theatre plays, instructional language in recipes and manuals, expository language and factual statements in news reports
  • analysing characteristic features of texts that they use and interact with in their everyday lives, for example, the use of abbreviations and emoticons in texting, rhetorical questions in advertisements, numerical terms in recipes and receipts, emotive and rhyming words in song lyrics, headings in blogs and on websites
  • discussing the use of imagery in different kinds of creative or performative texts, identifying how this helps to convey meaning and engage/entertain the audience
  • understanding the cultural significance of features of particular types of texts, such as forms of address and language associated with rituals or celebrations, anonymous or Anatolian stories in the lyrics of türkü songs, the use of dialogue and oaths in Andımız, characterisation in Turkish Nasrettin Hoca ve diğer fıkralar, kukla oyunu and masal, the use of deyimler ve atasözleri in Turkish legends and short stories
  • discussing how poems or song lyrics, such as Arkadaşım Eşşek and Çanakkale Türküsü, create particular moods (özlem ve acıma) and tap into particular emotions by using techniques such as repetition, rhyme and direct forms of address

  VCTRU048 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC118

  Identify and analyse ways in which deaf people behave and relate within society as a distinct social group as ‘people of the eye’, demonstrate responsibility for connections between the Deaf community and the wider ‘hearing’ society, and for culturally rich and appropriate places and spaces

  Elaborations

  • using a vlog journal entry to discuss how having peers who share the same language provides a social bond and builds confidence
  • identifying characteristics of deaf people’s visual awareness, such as good observation of body language and heightened alertness to hazards in the environment while walking/driving and signing
  • comparing strategies used by deaf and hearing adults to negotiate physical environments, for example, different behaviours at a bank of lifts, identifying how deaf people draw on additional perceptual resources in ways hearing people are unaware of
  • exploring technologies used by deaf people to communicate visually, such as videoconferencing apps, to support social networks and to strengthen a sense of individual or shared identity
  • investigating ways in which a sense of confidence in relation to identity influences awareness and a capacity for advocacy for Deaf rights, for example in relation to issues such as the provision of interpreters or captioning
  • discussing how their sense of identity may shift according to context and situation, and how as people mature they learn to manage ‘multiple identities’ in relation to different elements of experience, such as background ethnicity and culture and Deaf identity culture
  • identifying strategies used by deaf people to negotiate the hearing world, such as travelling with paper and pen or smart phone to take notes
  • using the concept of Deafhood to map and communicate their own journeys of identity development, for example, their identification with particular Deaf role models, and considering the role identity plays in contributing to individual, peer group and community health and wellbeing
  • engaging with deaf visitors from different groups and backgrounds about their experiences in the Deaf community, for example by interviewing the visitors and recording their responses
  • using drawings, photos or presentations to describe characteristic features of Deaf spaces beyond the classroom, such as removal of visual obstacles to signed communication, circles or semicircles for meeting and learning spaces, open-plan areas, lighting and window placement to maximise visual access to information
  • documenting and discussing places of importance to the Deaf community, such as Deaf schools, and understanding the value of these based on stories by elders and excursions to sites of significance
  • responding to elders' guidance on how cultural values, beliefs and traditions are connected through shared life experience and visual ways of being, and how they are demonstrated in community behaviour and interactions with the wider community
  • describing ways in which they can take responsibility for increasing others’ awareness of their communication and learning preferences, for example in the classroom and with extended family
  • exploring the concept of ‘Deaf gain’ and identifying examples of how wider society may ‘gain’ from the Deaf community, for example, benefits of captioning for other sectors of the broader community, such as elderly people or newly arrived migrants
  • discussing their sense of responsibility for each other as members of the Deaf community, and the need to support younger deaf individuals in the community

  VCASFC118 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Identity

• Korean - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use written and spoken Korean to interact with teachers, peers and others, and to exchange ideas, experiences and interests. They pronounce polysyllabic words that involve syllable-final consonants (받침) such as 먹고, 어떻게 and 축하합니다 as 먹꼬, 어떠케 and 추카함니다, applying relevant...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• The Arts | Visual Arts: Learning in Visual Arts

  Learning in Visual Arts involves students making and responding to artworks, drawing on the world as a source of ideas. Students engage with and develop knowledge of visual arts, skills, techniques and processes, and use materials as they explore a range of forms, styles and contexts.

  Through...

  Overview material | Visual Arts

• VCARC137

  Socialise and maintain relationships with peers and the teacher by sharing information about their personal experiences and social activities

  Elaborations

  • exchanging information about everyday experiences, for example,

    ماذا تفعل بعد المدرسة؟ متى تأكل طعام العشاء؟ أين تلعب الرياضة؟

    بعد المدرسة ألعب كرة القدم؛ في الساعة الثامنة أذهب إلى النوم؛ وأنت متى تنام؟

    أقرأ قصة قبل النوم؛ وأنتِ هل تقرأين قبل النوم؟

  • describing friends and family members, including physical appearance and personal characteristics/qualities, for example,

    أمي إمرأة طويلة ورشيقة؛ تحافظ على صحتها؛ أبي شخص منتظم في عمله ومسؤول في بيته؛ صديقي سامي مهذب ولكنه لا يهتم بدراسته ولا بصحته؛ أصدقائي جميعهم لطفاء ولكنهم لا يأخذون المدرسة بجدية

  • sharing feelings about weekend activities, using different modes of communication such as text messages, email or social media, and giving reasons for choices made, for example,

    يوم السبت ألعب التنس مع أبي؛ في العطلة الأسبوعية أذهب مع عائلتي إلى المطعم؛ أحضر حصة للموسيقى يوم الجمعة؛ أشعر بالسعادة في حصة الموسيقى؛ أحب العزف على البيانو كثيرا؛ أتعلم اللغة العربية يوم السبت صباحاً؛ إخترت الرياضة لأنها مفيدة للجسم؛ ألموسيقى تساعدني على التفكير

  • recounting experiences with family and friends in a variety of ways, for example, in conversations, diaries or digital presentation

    ذهبت البارحة مع عائلتي إلى المتحف؛ شاهدت مع أخي فيلماً جديداً في السينما؛ كانت لعبة الركبي ممتعة؛ كانت رحلة المدرسة إلى حديقة الحيوان مملّة

  VCARC137 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEC018

  Initiate and maintain interactions with peers and adults by seeking and offering ideas, opinions and feelings as well as information related to relationships, school experience, community and future plans

  Elaborations

  • participating in conversations using strategies to sustain interactions, such as asking for repetition, clarification and confirmation, for example, Wiederholen Sie die Frage, bitte! Was bedeutet das? Meinen Sie… ?
  • discussing and giving opinions on aspects of school life, such as timetables, subjects, teachers and uniforms, for example, Wann haben wir montags Deutsch?; Ich finde Mathe interessant, aber meine Mathelehrerin ist sehr streng. Und du, findest du Mathe auch interessant?
  • exchanging personal information and views in digital communications with peers about their school, family and friends, for example, Ich finde meine Schule sehr gut, obwohl… ; Ich komme gut mit meinem Bruder aus, weil … .
  • describing own Wohnort and commenting on advantages and disadvantages of living there, such as whether there are sporting or shopping facilities nearby, for example, Ich wohne gern auf dem Land. Es gibt in der Nähe einen Fluss und einen Fußballplatz. Leider haben wir kein Kino. Gibt es einen Supermarkt, wo du wohnst?
  • recounting events and describing activities and personal experiences from the past, for example, Gestern Abend hat Bayern-Műnchen gegen Mainz gewonnen. Hast du das Spiel gesehen?; Wir sind in den Ferien zum Strand gefahren.
  • comparing own characteristics, weaknesses and strengths with those of others, and describing the ideal friend, for example, Ich bin fleiβig, unabhängig und abenteuerlustig. Leider bin ich aber auch stur und unordentlich.; Ein guter Freund muss treu und ehrlich sein.
  • posing and responding to questions, such as about future plans and aspirations, for example, Was wirst du in den Ferien machen? Wir werden zu Hause bleiben.; Was sind deine Zukunftspläne? Nach der 12. Klasse werde ich vielleicht Betriebswirtschaft studieren. Und du, was hast du vor?

  VCDEC018 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELU132

  Recognise and use elements of Greek grammar, such as word order, gender and singular/plural forms, to describe people, objects or events

  Elaborations

  • beginning to describe and explain features of Modern Greek using metalanguage, for example, using the terms masculine, feminine, neuter nouns, verbs, tenses, adjectives, conjunctions, in English or Greek
  • noticing the use of gender in Greek names, singular/plural, and articles, for example, Η Άννα, η γάτα, οι γάτες, α ψάρια, ο μπαμπάς
  • using adjectives to describe characteristics or qualities (such as number, shape and colour) of a person or object (noun), for example, τρία μικρά γουρουνάκια, and understanding that adjectives have gender, for example, καλός, καλή, καλό, ψηλός, ψηλή, ψηλό, κόκκινος, κόκκινη, κόκκινο
  • creating simple sentences in the subject–verb–object order, for example, Το βάζο έχει λουλούδια
  • experimenting with compound sentences using conjunctions such as και and αλλά
  • using adverbs of place, for example, έξω, μέσα, πάνω, κάτω, μπροστά, πίσω, δίπλα
  • observing singular noun and plural noun endings, for example, γάτα, γάτες, σπίτι, σπίτια
  • understanding that some words can mean different things in different contexts, for example, μπάνιο can mean ‘bathroom’, ‘bathtub’ or ‘swimming at the beach’
  • recognising the differences or similarities in word order in simple sentences, for example, μου αρέσει, δε μου αρέσει
  • expressing negation in simple sentences, for example, Όχι, δεν το θέλω, δε μ’ αρέσει
  • expanding number knowledge up to 100

  VCELU132 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCESC127

  Interact with teacher and peers to exchange information about aspects of their personal world such as school, home, everyday routines and favourite pastimes

  Elaborations

  • asking questions and giving information about school and home, for example, ¿Quién es él? Es mi amigo. ¿Qué hace tu mamá? Mi mamá es trabajadora social, ¿Qué deporte practica Miguel? Él juega al fútbol, ¿Qué te gusta de tu escuela? Me gusta hablar con mis amigas en el patio
  • describing features, characteristics and locations of particular things or places, for example, Mi celular es viejo, El parque está detrás de la escuela. La ciudad de México es gigante. ¿Dónde está la piscina? Está a la izquierda del lago. Mi escuela es muy grande y está en Adelaida
  • using formal and informal greetings in spoken and written forms of communication, for example, Querida abuela, Hola María
  • describing routines and favourite activities using expressions related to time and days of the week, for example, voy al colegio todos los días, todos los martes practico tenis
  • exchanging information about family, friends or interests, using simple descriptive statements and cohesive devices such as conjunctions, for example, Puedo correr pero no puedo nadar, Me gustan Shakira y Ricky Martin porque bailan bien

  VCESC127 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESU121

  Notice and apply grammatical rules such as those relating to gender, simple verb forms and definite articles when describing people, places, things and relationships

  Elaborations

  • learning the structure of simple affirmative/negative statements and questions based on models, for example, No tengo perro. Gloria come verduras. ¿María tiene cinco años?
  • recognising definite and indefinite articles with nouns, for example, la mesa, una mesa; el niño, un niño
  • noticing that adjectives usually follow nouns and are used to describe the colour, size, shape or characteristics of a person, place or object, for example, la casa grande, el balón gris, la silla amarilla, un auto azul, una mesa cuadrada, una niña alta
  • noticing and using singular masculine or feminine forms of nouns and adjectives, for example, el plátano delicioso, la canción chilena
  • understanding and responding to basic familiar instructions and imperatives, for example, siéntate, escucha, cierra la puerta, silencio
  • observing gender in patterns of naming, for example, Julio/Julia, Patricio/Patricia
  • using subject pronouns to identify people, objects or animals, for example, Yo, tú, él, ella
  • building vocabulary related to familiar environments (lápiz, casa, mamá, papá), and using cognates such as animal, color, triángulo, familia…
  • learning simple verbs to express likes and dislikes, for example, comer, bailar, hablar, correr, jugar and caminar, and using them in modelled and formulaic expressions such as No me gusta correr/caminar; ¿Te gusta este juguete?
  • using singular possessive adjectives, for example, mi casa, mi hermano, tu amiga

  VCESU121 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIC114

  Respond to a range of traditional and contemporary creative and literary texts, describing settings, identifying key themes, values and concepts, discussing representation of characters and events and the stylistic effects of different genres

  Elaborations

  • comparing themes and values represented in contemporary texts such as cartoons or video games with those conveyed in traditional fables, epic poems and legends, for example, एकलव्य की गुरुदक्षिणा
  • discussing the enduring influence of classical fables and legends in passing on cultural values through allegory and storying, for example, by identifying classical references to describe personal traits or qualities, as in सत्यवादी हरिश्चन्द्र, श्रवण कुमार
  • identifying the use of English words and expressions by contemporary poets or songwriters writing in Hindi, considering possible reasons for this
  • analysing how the use of rhythm, rhyme, imagery and metaphor by poets such as कबीर, रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोर; हरिवंश राय बच्चन; नीरज, गुलज़ार, महादेवी वर्मा and writers such as भीष्म साहनी; जयशंकर प्रसाद; मुँशी प्रेमचंद, मन्नू भंडारी create emotional, dramatic or humorous effects that reflect cultural traditions and literary genres
  • identifying characteristic elements of traditional forms of Hindi literature, such as verse celebrating bravery/warriors, for example, वीर गाथाएँ और गीत, जैसे पुष्प की अभिलाषा, devotional verse such as मीराबाई और सूरदास के भक्ति गीत, or children’s poems that celebrate nature, such as आया बसन्त
  • comparing the style, themes and language associated with different musical genres, for example, patriotic music such as राष्ट्रीय गान and सारे जहाँ से अच्छा, film songs or advertising jingles
  • exploring the playfulness, creativity and competitiveness of riddles, comparing their function as traditional entertainment in village communities with that of language play among young children today

  VCHIC114 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCHIC078

  Explore how expressive and imaginative texts create aesthetic, humorous or emotional effects in ways that reflect cultural influence

  Elaborations

  • comparing how elements such as humour, compassion or suspense are created in different forms of popular culture in Hindi and English, for example, in folk/fairy tales, game shows, advertisements, commercial films or talent/reality shows
  • identifying how imaginative texts from different eras use structure, expression and mood to build action, convey emotion and reflect cultural values, for example, by comparing the pre-Independence story बड़े भाई साहब by प्रेमचंद with a contemporary text such as 3 इडियट्स
  • analysing how techniques such as the use of rhythm, imagery and metaphor in Hindi poetry create humorous, emotional or dramatic effects that reflect cultural traditions and styles, for example, in poetry by रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोर; हरिवंश राय बच्चन; नीरज, गुलज़ार, महादेवी वर्मा or in texts by writers such as भीष्म साहनी; जयशंकर प्रसाद; मुँशी प्रेमचंद, मन्नू भंडारी
  • identifying and explaining characteristic elements of traditional forms of Hindi literature, for example, verse celebrating bravery/warriors such as वीर गाथाएँ और गीत, जैसे पुष्प की अभिलाषा, devotional verse such as मीराबाई और सूरदास के भक्ति गीत or children’s poems that celebrate nature such as आया बसन्त
  • using evaluative and expressive language to compare responses to visual texts such as paintings, sculptures and relief art, for example, Rajasthani miniature paintings, Patachitra from Bengal, Madhubani paintings, Warli from Maharashtra, discussing the relationship between representation and culture

  VCHIC078 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating