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• VCHIC117

  Compose bilingual texts such as digital stories, comics, blogs or contributions to websites that capture the experience of ‘living between languages’

  Elaborations

  • creating texts such as blogs or posts on online forums that draw on their personal bilingual resources to explore the dynamic nature of intercultural experience
  • corresponding with young Hindi speakers in different contexts, using Hindi and English to describe and explain aspects of life in Australia
  • creating bilingual digital stories for younger learners that capture elements of their own experiences of using two languages and living in a multilingual society
  • creating glossaries in English to explain cultural references in contemporary Hindi texts that relate to trans-cultural experience
  • creating a bilingual virtual tour of the school for new or intending students, noticing which language is more appropriate for different elements of the presentation
  • creating bilingual texts such as leaflets or slogans to raise awareness of health or environmental issues among both language communities, for example, स्वच्छ भारत; छोटा परिवार - सुखी परिवार; बेटी बचाओ-बेटी पढ़ाओ

  VCHIC117 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCTRC103

  Exchange views and information on local and global issues, including aspects of their own lives, such as family relationships and responsibilities, education and community

  Elaborations

  • discussing issues that are relevant to this stage of their lives, such as school, peer pressure, the use and impact of social media or the nature of parental expectations, identifying points of agreement or disagreement, for example, Ailem gece dışarı çıkmama izin vermiyor
  • participating in discussions on local issues that they see impacting on their current or future lives, such as environmental change, for example by focusing on questions such as Çevremizi korumak için neler yapmalıyız? Arkadaşlarınla sosyal medyayı nasıl kullanıyorsun?
  • engaging in online discussions with Turkish-speaking students in different contexts on topics of shared interest, such as music, sports, fashion, travel, and comparing their aspirations in terms of personal and professional opportunities, for example, liseyi bitirince Türkiye’de üniversiteye gitmek istiyorum, okulu bitirdikten sonra seyahat etmek istiyorum
  • discussing their responsibilities at home and at school, comparing with those of young people living in Turkey or other Turkish-speaking communities around the world, noting the relative importance of concepts such as Derslerde başarılı olmak, küçük kardeşlere bakmak,Türkçe öğrenmek büyük sorumluluk, aile işyerinde çalışmak
  • developing narrative skills by exchanging accounts of personally significant people, events, influences or milestones in their lives, for example, Türkiye’ye ilk ziyaret, Avustralya’ya geliş, sünnet düğünü, ilk iş görüşmesi, Türk konserine gitmek

  VCTRC103 | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCTRC111

  Produce bilingual texts for the school or wider community, such as instructions, presentations, commentaries or contributions to newsletters that capture the experience of ‘living between languages’

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual texts such as community information leaflets, menus, timetables or instructions which cater to the needs of members of both language communities
  • creating bilingual texts for specific audiences, for example, songs or games for younger learners of Turkish, or a schedule for a multicultural event, noticing how information and representation is differently shaped in each language
  • creating bilingual texts to inform the local community of events such as a lunchtime concert, fundraising food stall or a display at a local library or gallery
  • composing and presenting a cultural exhibition or performance for members of the school community, providing English language support in the form of captions or recorded/live commentaries
  • providing bilingual commentaries to events such as a sports carnival or talent show
  • combining excerpts of interviews in Turkish and English with older community members about life stories and migration experiences with elements such as music, images or timelines to build a multimodal presentation for a community festival or multicultural event
  • writing/recording bilingual directions for a virtual tour of the school campus, discussing how to convey particular elements in the two languages

  VCTRC111 | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCESU031

  Extend knowledge of and use more complex features and patterns of the Spanish grammatical system, including possessive, demonstrative, object and relative pronouns; comparative and superlative adjectives; irregular verbs in the present tense, compound and simple past tenses, future and conditional...

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using definite and indefinite articles, including omission and gender-change cases, for example, me gusta mucho el cuadro del salón, me gusta mucho un cuadro del salón, ¿tienen cuadros de paisajes?, el agua está fría
  • understanding and using indefinite adjectives and pronouns such as alguno/a/os/as, ninguno/a/os/as, otros/as, todos/as, alguien, nadie, nada, algo, todo, noticing the constructions with a double negative, for example, No hay nadie en clase, no tenemos nada
  • using collective nouns such as gente and familia, and noticing the use of singular verbs, for example, la gente en Australia pasa mucho tiempo al aire libre, mi familia tiene una casa en la playa
  • noticing the differences in meaning when the adjective precedes the noun, for example, un pobre hombre/un hombre pobre
  • expressing comparisons using comparatives and superlatives, including some irregular forms, for example, mejor que ..., peor que ..., el mayor, el menor, más ... que, menos ... que, el más ..., ...ísimo/a, tan ... como
  • understanding and using possessive and demonstrative pronouns (aquel es el tuyo, este es el mío) and the use of neutral demonstratives (¿qué es esto?, me gustó aquello que dijo)
  • understanding the form and function of personal object pronouns, and differentiating between direct and indirect objects in the third person, for example, me, te, lo, la/le, nos, os, los, las/les
  • understanding the function and use of relative pronouns, for example, que, el/la/los/las que, quien/es, el/la cual, los/las cuales, donde
  • understanding and using the different past tense forms for regular and irregular verbs (pretérito perfecto, pretérito indefinido and pretérito imperfecto), and comparing the uses with English past tense forms, for example, hemos estudiado los tiempos pasados, Marcos nació en Filipinas, ayer mi amigo estaba contento
  • using appropriate temporal markers, for example, hace ..., desde hace ..., durante ..., en 2011 ..., esta mañana ..., cuando era pequeño ..., desde ... hasta..., ayer ...
  • understanding and using the future and conditional tenses of regular and irregular verbs, for example, mañana iremos de excursión al zoo, me gustaría visitar México, saldría con vosotros pero tengo tarea
  • using some set expressions that require the use of the present subjunctive, for example, ¡que aproveche! ¡que te mejores! espero que estés bien
  • expressing agreement, disagreement and opinions using adverbs and expressions such as Yo también ...., yo tampoco ..., a mí sí ..., a mí no ...
  • indicating rules and giving instructions using expressions such as hay que ..., se puede/no se puede ..., and tener que + infinitive, and regular imperative affirmative forms, for example, cantad conmigo, pase el dado, toma mi bolígrafo, abran las ventanas, repita más despacio
  • understanding the function of impersonal expressions such as se necesita ..., se habla ..., se dice ..., se puede ...
  • using cohesive devices to link elements of complex sentences, for example, por lo tanto, además, sin embargo, al contrario de, de la misma manera
  • expanding the use of prepositions such as por, para, con, sin, contra, hacia to provide more detail or information
  • understanding how to form adverbs from adjectives, for example, normalmente, seguramente, probablemente
  • understanding and using an increasing range of prefixes and suffixes (anónimo, antibiótico, despeinado, supermercado, claustrofobia, lavadora, navideño, hermanito) and building lexical families (árbol, arbolito, arboleda, arbusto, arborícola, arbóreo, arboricultura, enarbolar)
  • developing awareness of the presence of ‘false friends’ in Spanish and English, for example, actualmente / currently, realizar / carry out, embarazada / pregnant, constipado / a cold
  • developing metalanguage to talk in Spanish about elements such as sentence structure (sujeto, verbo, objeto), verb tenses (pretérito, futuro, tiempo compuesto, participio pasado) and other linguistic features (sinónimo, concordancia, párrafo)

  VCESU031 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC115

  Create or adapt imaginative texts and live or filmed expressive performances that involve imagined experiences and feature different characters, amusing experiences or special effects

  Elaborations

  • participating in games and activities that focus on depicting the appearance and characteristics of people, animals or objects and their relationships
  • working collaboratively to create and present signed skits to entertain a targeted audience
  • re-enacting individual short stories or wordless animations that include two or more characters and their interactions through the use of constructed action
  • reinterpreting creative texts for effect, for example by changing emotions or movements through the use of NMFs and manner
  • using ‘visual vernacular’ to enact short scenarios involving imaginary characters, contexts and objects, by employing a range of depicting signs and constructed action
  • choreographing and performing a creative text (dance, signed song, poem), incorporating Auslan and focusing on matching timing, beat and rhythm
  • performing stories for a live audience with a focus on the visual communication of emotion and humour
  • creating the next scene, a new character or an alternative ending for a signed fable, short story or cartoon
  • creating original handshape poetry to present at a school assembly or community festival
  • creating a video record of an imagined formal or informal interview, incorporating elements of humour or tension and building character and mood through the use of NMFs and pauses

  VCASFC115 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCNRC103

  Initiate and sustain interactions by sharing personal opinions and experiences with peers and comparing aspects of young people’s lives, such as relationships, events and aspirations

  Elaborations

  • initiating conversations, for example, with peers and sister school friends, using expressions appropriate to context and audience
  • sustaining conversations on topics of mutual interest, for example, parties, music, friendship, fashion, through active listening strategies, turn taking and verbal and non-verbal responses
  • extending and elaborating on modelled language to elicit others’ and express own experiences and opinions
  • using formulaic language to talk about and compare aspects of teenage life

  VCNRC103 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCTRC075

  Create a range of imaginative or expressive texts that reflect elements of their experience of living in Turkish- and English-speaking communities, and using language for humorous or emotive effect

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers to create their own dramatic or humorous representations of people, situations or events encountered in their own lives that reflect their experiences of living in a multicultural and multilingual society
  • composing and performing poems, songs or dramatic monologues that incorporate elements of either contemporary or traditional literary or musical forms
  • composing expressive texts, such as protest statements, personal letters or persuasive speeches, selecting emotive or powerful language and noticing the basis for this selection
  • creating riddles to compete with and entertain each other, imitating the use of meter, rhythm, rhyme and metaphor exemplified in riddles from Turkish literature and folklore
  • creating English language commentaries to an observed Turkish language sitcom, discussing how to transfer or explain humour or dramatic effects of the original text for non-Turkish speaking Australian viewers

  VCTRC075 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELC018

  Initiate and sustain interactions by sharing personal opinions and experiences, face-to-face or online, with peers, and comparing aspects of young people’s lives, such as relationships, events and aspirations

  Elaborations

  • initiating conversations, for example, with peers and sister-school friends, using expressions appropriate to context and audience, such as Tί έκανες χτες; Πάμε στο γλέντι;
  • sustaining face-to-face or online conversations on topics of mutual interest, for example, το πάρτυ, η μουσική, η φιλία, η μόδα, parties, music, friendship, fashion, through active listening strategies, turn-taking and verbal and non-verbal responses, for example, shrugging shoulders, head shaking
  • extending and elaborating on modelled language to elicit others’ and express own experiences and opinions, for example,Τι νομίζεις; Πιστεύω ότι, Μ’ αρέσει καλύτερα η θάλασσα, Συμφωνείς;
  • using formulaic language to share and compare aspects of teenage life, for example, Το κινητό μου είναι μαύρο, Το δικό μου είναι μεγαλύτερο, and aspirations, for example, Θέλω να γίνω ...

  VCELC018 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFU212

  Understand and describe complex grammatical structures combining depicting signs, constructed action and various clauses for a range of language functions, such as interaction, narration or description

  Elaborations

  • recognising signs that function as interjections or discourse markers
  • understanding the difference between definite and indefinite reference and how Auslan shows this distinction
  • noticing how to use modal verbs and NMFs to express possibility, obligation and ability (MIGHT, SHOULD)
  • recognising that conditional forms have a main and dependent clause and associated NMFs
  • identifying coordinated clauses showing causation and describing how it is shown, for example:
    PRO3 STUDY-_hard BECAUSE WANT EXAM MARKS GOOD
  • recognising how emphasis in sentences can be changed by reordering clauses or parts of clauses
  • recognising that the presence of CA or DSs affects how a clause is structured

  VCASFU212 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU086

  Understand the difference between main and subordinate clauses and how the inclusion of constructed action and depicting signs has an impact on clause structure

  Elaborations

  • understanding that verbs can be either auxiliary (CAN JUMP or TRY REACH) or main verbs (WORK)
  • noticing how to use modal verbs and NMFs to express possibility, obligation and ability (MIGHT, SHOULD)
  • understanding the difference between definite and indefinite reference and how Auslan makes this distinction
  • recognising the function of some signs as interjections or discourse markers
  • recognising that conditionals have a main and dependent clause and associated NMFs
  • identifying coordinated clauses showing causation and describing how it is shown, for example
    PRO3 STUDY-_hard BECAUSE WANT EXAM MARKS GOOD
    
  • recognising how emphasis in sentences can be changed by reordering clauses or parts of clauses
  • recognising that the presence of CA or DSs affects how a clause is structured

  VCASFU086 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEC179

  Create bilingual texts which reflect and explain aspects of culture and language for different German-speaking and Australian audiences

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual digital texts to give advice, for example, to German-speaking tourists about safe travel in the Australian outback
  • explaining the origin, significance, traditions and terms associated with national or local celebrations and events such as Australia Day, the Ashes, Anzac Day, Melbourne Cup, State of Origin
  • creating digital bilingual survival guides on language and etiquette for visitors to Australia or a German-speaking country, providing advice for specific scenarios, for example, at the supermarket, at a party, in the classroom

  VCDEC179 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCLVC177

  Investigate and summarise factual information obtained from a range of sources on a variety of topics and issues related to the Country/Place

  Elaborations

  • investigating the origins of Aboriginal names in their local area, regional area and state and territory, recording meanings where known, and identifying different source languages
  • interviewing an respected community member to gain an historical perspective about their use of particular words and language constructions, observing correct respect protocols and presenting findings in formats such as digital presentations, posters, wall charts or oral summaries
  • researching and creating a profile of a prominent member of the language community, for example, an artist, sportsperson or leader
  • developing a photographic record/portfolio of different animal and plant species found in Country/Place, with commentary/annotations
  • seeking information from respected community members to assist in classifying living things according to culturally appropriate categories, comparing these classification systems with those used in western approaches to the study of living systems
  • identifying and describing the role of various Aboriginal organisations that provide services to their community
  • researching different aspects of a selected Indigenous business operating in the community, for example, an enterprise associated with arts, bush medicine, bush food, tourism, transportation or animal husbandry, and presenting findings in digital formats or oral presentation mode
  • analysing a range of historical documents recorded in the language, classifying content according to categories such as date, text genre (wordlist, letter), topic (Indigenous knowledge, environment, traditions, fishing/navigation, rules), purpose of the text and intention of the writer (to inform, prescribe, describe, assert authority); and presenting findings in chart or table form or by giving a presentation
  • interviewing local community members about their experiences of living on the land, their relationship with language and culture and their recollections from the past, recording and presenting key findings
  • researching Aboriginal words used in English, using resources such as the Australian National Dictionary, and identifying and explaining words that come from the local language

  VCLVC177 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCASFC204

  Respond to different types of imaginative and creative texts that invite consideration of values, themes and ideas and involve different modes of expression

  Elaborations

  • responding to forms of Deaf art that challenge perceptions and stimulate discussion, such as the work of Christine Sun Kim or members of the Australian Theatre of the Deaf
  • searching the internet for examples of work by Deaf dancers, musicians or performers of physical theatre that they find particularly effective or moving, for example, performances by Bernard Bragg, Evelyn Glennie or members of the Deaf Arts Network
  • comparing responses to creative texts that present personal or controversial points of view in powerful ways, for example, Deaf slam poetry
  • exploring the use of technology in Deaf art, film or performance, for example to help build mood or emotional expression
  • responding to signed poems that use extended metaphor to communicate values and ideas or to express emotional experience, for example, ‘Butterfly Hands’ by Walter Kadiki
  • reflecting on reactions of hearing audiences to deaf performances, for example by evaluating comments made by judges on reality/talent television shows
  • discussing the complexity of live theatre performance interpretation and the use of deaf interpreters and consultants
  • responding to animations created by or about deaf people and discussing the effectiveness of conveying all parameters of signing, for example, The Long Knife, or Gallaudet: The Film by Braam Jordaan

  VCASFC204 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• Auslan - Second Language Learner - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students are increasingly aware of differences between Auslan and English. They are expanding their knowledge of vocabulary and sentence construction. With support, they use constructed action to show participants in a text, modify indicating verbs for non-present referents with increasing accuracy...

  Level description | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence

• Italian - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  The focus of learning Italian shifts to expanding students range and control of the linguistic systems to develop the sophistication of language use. They learn to choose appropriate tenses, to identify and create mood, and to use cohesive devices to create extended texts. They continue to build...

  Level description | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence

• Arabic - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students use appropriate pronunciation, rhythm and intonation in communication and interaction, and apply accurate spelling and punctuation in a range of written texts. They gain greater control of grammatical elements, such as word order, a range of tenses, conditional and subjunctive moods,...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence

• Turkish - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students understand and use more elaborated grammatical structures, such as verb moods, auxiliary verbs and particles. They recognise and use different types of formal and informal honorific forms, such as Bey/Hanım, Amca/Teyze, Efendi, Ağa/Hanımağa, Sayın, Ağabey (Abi)/Abla, Hoca/Öğretmen...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence

• VCLVC183

  Consider and discuss their own and each other’s ways of communicating and expressing identity, reflecting on how the language links the local, regional and national identity of its speakers with the land

  Elaborations

  • considering how their own biography, including elements such as family origins, traditions, beliefs, practices, interests and experiences, shapes their sense of identity and ways of communicating
  • describing kinship connections with the surrounding Country/Place or connections of a respected community member or guest speaker
  • creating spoken, written or multimodal texts, such as identity maps, timelines, digital presentations or family trees with captions, to mark key milestones and significant influences in their lives, for example, key people, events, educational experiences, community affiliations, traditions or travel experiences, considering how these shape identity
  • comparing and reflecting on how identity is expressed across languages and cultures, for example, by considering the idea of ‘belonging’ as expressed in different languages
  • discussing the role that language and culture play in the identity and well-being of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • investigating how particular policies and practices affect the sense of identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, for example, the effect of language loss, separation from Country/Place/family/community
  • reflecting on how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples from different nations express their group identity, for example, through practices and symbols such as flags, Welcomes to Country, Indigenous rounds in sporting leagues
  • reflecting on how their own biography, including family origins, traditions, beliefs, practices, interests and experiences, shapes their sense of identity and ways of communicating
  • discussing the link between identity and connections to land/water/sea/sky, culture and language and the health and well-being of individuals and community
  • reflecting on how the language links the local, regional and national identity of its speakers with the land, water, sea and sky

  VCLVC183 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Identity

• VCLVU193

  Reflect on how ways of using language are shaped by communities’ ways of thinking, behaving and viewing the world, and the role of language in passing on knowledge

  Elaborations

  • explaining the role of Aboriginal languages and cultures in passing on knowledge such as sustainable care of the environment, rules for living, ways of behaving, spiritual and cultural functions and History
  • reflecting on Indigenous taxonomies and the ways they divide the natural and cultural world and comparing these to other systems of classification
  • analysing concepts related to cultural values in Aboriginal languages, including naming systems, for example, the use of kinship terms, nicknames, substitute words and pronoun systems, comparing to ways of referencing relationships in their own language(s) and culture(s)
  • exploring how aspects of traditional culture and society have been preserved through language, and discussing the importance of maintaining Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, for their speakers and for all Australians
  • analysing and discussing core cultural concepts reflected in Aboriginal languages, such as respect, avoidance, reciprocity, obligation, responsibility
  • understanding that culturally significant attitudes and beliefs conveyed through Aboriginal languages are related to the past, to land, plants and animals and to celebrations
  • identifying and comparing how emotions or attitudes, such as respect, affection or embarrassment, are shown/displayed across different languages and cultures
  • comparing elements of communication such as the role of silence or use/avoidance of eye contact in different cultural contexts and exchanges
  • recognising that there are multiple views on and partial explanations for events and issues
  • reflecting on the ways culture is interpreted by others, for example, by identifying how stereotypes influence perceptions of other groups or individuals
  • understanding that each Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person inherits language as part of their birthright, along with membership of a particular group and attachment to Country or Place, and that they become custodians and owners of land, water or sea and of language

  VCLVU193 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• Chinese - Background Language Learner - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students sustain extended exchanges with others (for example, 那个，你知道的，就是，还有) and use Chinese to participate in shared activities, for example, 我为什么学汉语，澳大利亚的多元文化，年轻人的兴趣，网络的好与坏, 你难道不觉得…如果…就…吗？你的意思是说…,如果是这样的话… They apply knowledge of rhythm...

  Level description | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10