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• The Humanities | History: Learning in History

  Historical concepts and skills

  In the History curriculum, students have the opportunity to develop historical understanding through the application of the following historical concepts and skills:

  • sequencing chronology
  • using historical sources as evidence
  • identifying continuity and change
  • analysing...

  Overview material | History

• Economics and Business: Levels 5 and 6 description

  In Levels 5 and 6, students explore the importance of economic and financial decision-making in everyday life. They consider the concept of opportunity cost and examine why decisions about the ways resources are allocated to meet needs and wants in their community involve trade-offs.

  Students examine...

  Level description | The Humanities | Economics and Business

• Korean - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use Korean to interact with each other and teachers in classroom routines and activities, exchanging greetings, wishes, experiences, interests and information. They approximate different sounds and intonation patterns of Korean during spoken interaction, and construct...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCTRC054

  Interact with peers and teachers to complete learning activities and to support their own and others’ learning, by managing debate and discussion, checking understanding and reflecting on their learning

  Elaborations

  • contributing to discussion and debate by expressing opinions, listening to alternative perspectives and responding appropriately, for example, inanıyorum ki, bana kalsa, anlıyorum ama katılmıyorum, bence, aynı fikirde değilim
  • interacting constructively at different stages of collaborative learning, for example, by asking for clarification, açıklar mısınız? Tekrar eder misiniz? Ne demek istiyorsun?, providing feedback, çok güzel, çok iyi çalıştık and reflecting on completion of the task, Bir dahaki sefere böyle yapalım, Bitti, çok rahatladık
  • managing interactions with peers in activities such as games, tasks or competitions by taking turns, adopting different roles or responsibilities and providing encouragement or feedback
  • using language of comparison, reflection and evaluation in relation to their individual or shared learning experiences, for example, Türkçe öğrenmek İngilizce öğrenmekten daha kolay. Bu sorularda çok zorlandım. Hem tekrar ederek hem yazarak öğreniyorum.

  VCTRC054 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC225

  Create bilingual texts and learning resources to use in the classroom

  Elaborations

  • creating English captions for short recorded phrases in Auslan
  • creating digital glossaries of new sign vocabulary, which can be used to share their personal learning with family members
  • recording and transcribing into English some simple Auslan ‘identity stories’ filmed with members of the Deaf community
  • captioning examples of classmates’ work in Auslan, for example, simple short stories
  • creating translations of song lyrics for performance in Auslan
  • translating short, simple written or spoken texts into Auslan, for example, instructions for a game or procedures such as recipes

  VCASFC225 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCCCTM071

  Encounter everyday problems and learn how to solve them

  Elaborations

  • exploring objects and their appropriate use in structured situations
  • learning how to solve everyday problems through a set routine or process
  • learning to communicate their needs and request help

  VCCCTM071 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level B | Meta-Cognition

• VCEALA384

  Employ a range of strategies to understand and learn unknown words

  Elaborations

  • using a bilingual dictionary to find an English equivalent for a word known in home language, or vice versa
  • checking meaning in both home language and English before using a word in speech or writing
  • recording vocabulary in a personal list that includes details such as translation in English and home language, pronunciation and meaning

  VCEALA384 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA409

  Initiate and manage interaction appropriately in social and learning situations

  Elaborations

  • initiating and managing interaction in a range of situations, such as social conversation, class discussions, small-group brainstorming or pair activities
  • listening and responding to other speakers appropriately, such as by acknowledging, clarifying or building on what they say

  VCEALA409 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA556

  Transfer knowledge from home language to English learning

  Elaborations

  • drawing on content and background knowledge from home language, including referring to some specific curriculum area vocabulary in home language
  • using features of home language spoken discourse, for example calling the teacher ‘Teacher’ rather than using their name or title
  • using home language in learning, for example taking notes or writing vocabulary lists

  VCEALA556 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC404

  Initiate and participate in casual exchanges and in learning contexts

  Elaborations

  • initiating exchanges in social and learning contexts, for example by asking a question or offering a suggestion
  • listening to other speakers in order to respond to or build on their contributions with relevant ideas

  VCEALC404 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCELA217

  Learn some generalisations for adding suffixes to words

  Elaborations

  • joining discussion about how a suffix affects meaning, for example uncomfortable, older, and division, and investigating the ways words change when suffixes are added, for example, dropping the final 'e' when '-ing' is added

  VCELA217 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCFRC075

  Compare and reflect on the experience of learning and using French

  Elaborations

  • using questionnaires or surveys to collect and compare each other’s reflections on learning and using French, identifying challenges and gains and tracking different stages of learning, for example, au début, c’était comment?…petit à petit…; finalement…j’ai trouvé que…
  • communicating with other young learners of languages via email, online forums or video-conferencing, comparing experiences and challenges, for example, C’est comment pour toi? C’est difficile pour vous d’apprendre l’anglais? Moi, je trouve que…
  • using constructions such as il faut…, on doit…, on peut…, c’est impossible de… to generalise and summarise key aspects of learning to communicate in a new language and cultural context

  VCFRC075 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC183

  Develop language to reflect on the experience of learning and using Japanese

  Elaborations

  • using reflective language to discuss the experience of learning and using Japanese, for example, ぶんぽうはちょっとむずかしいと思います。
  • evaluating Japanese learning resources such as textbooks, websites or dictionaries, for example, じしょはとてもべんりですが、オンラインじしょはもっとべんりです。
  • building and using metalanguage to discuss language and language learning, for example, めいし、けいようし、どうし、ぶん
  • engaging in peer and self-reflection activities, such as providing evaluations or giving and receiving compliments using culturally appropriate language, for example, ～くんは会話(かいわ)が上手(じょうず)ですね。いいえ、まあまあです。

  VCJAC183 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCKOC142

  Create simple bilingual resources for their learning and for the school community

  Elaborations

  • producing a parallel bilingual word list by identifying known Korean words or expressions and relating them to English equivalents, and vice versa, noticing that direct translation sometimes does not work
  • preparing descriptions in both Korean and English about familiar topics, using modelled language and choosing vocabulary from word lists, discussing differences in expression between the two languages with the teacher
  • creating bilingual texts for the classroom and the school community using digital technologies (for example, posters, songs and online newsletter items), sharing ideas about how to represent meaning in different languages for different audiences

  VCKOC142 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCNRC094

  Create bilingual texts and resources to support their own learning

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual resources for language learning, such as word banks, glossaries, digital resources, charts or a personal translation dictionary, with examples and explanations of language use
  • using dictionaries and electronic translation tools to create bilingual texts, such as posters, maps, menus and schedules, making decisions about language use that is appropriate for the audience
  • creating bilingual resources, such as picture dictionaries or photo stories with bilingual captions and labels, for example, recreating a scene from a country where the language is spoken, depicting roads, shops, products and services
  • creating bilingual signs and notices for the school
  • developing strategies to support understanding of language that cannot be directly translated, for example, in the use of actions and gestures

  VCNRC094 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCNRC043

  Create bilingual texts and learning resources for the school community

  Elaborations

  • creating simple bilingual texts in print or digital form for specific audiences, such as school signs for visitors, invitations to parents for class or school events, posters for the school community to advertise an upcoming event, online bilingual story books including text and images for a younger audience, or a bilingual game, such as Snap, using words only
  • creating and posting versions of existing school signs or notices into the language, for example, staffroom, canteen, recognising difference in word order
  • constructing and maintaining a bilingual website for a sister school or a contact group of young learners of English in a target language-speaking community
  • creating a word bank which includes words, phrases and common expressions, as a classroom resource to reinforce learning

  VCNRC043 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCRAC009

  Create captions, labels and statements for the immediate learning environment

  Elaborations

  • writing captions, with support, for a photographic display about a class event or experience such as sports day or keeping a class pet to show parents/others
  • as a class, writing instructions for children on how to perform a game, noticing what can and cannot be translated easily, for example, duck duck goose
  • making own bilingual/picture dictionaries, captions, signs, labels and descriptions to convey culture-specific ideas
  • showing others how different gestures are used and discussing what they mean, for example, culturally appropriate ways of beckoning

  VCRAC009 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Translating

• VCZHC114

  Collaborate with others in group activities and contribute to learning activities

  Elaborations

  • making suggestions when working together and allocating jobs for members of group, for example, 我们一起唱吧；我们唱，你跳舞
  • following the teacher’s instructions and responding to questions with reasons (for example, 我不高兴, 因为我累了), using language appropriate to class context (for example, 老师，我写完了) and making requests in an appropriate manner, for example, 老师，我可以喝水吗？
  • including others and recognising participants in group work, for example, Lisa 是我的好朋友; 我们组有…
  • making cards for special cultural events such as Chinese New Year or personal events such as birthdays, copying short good wishes from modelled text, for example, 生日快乐
  • recognising and copying characters relating to various events described in books, and noticing the formation of characters and spacing
  • collecting examples of common Chinese characters found in familiar settings such as signs and labels, for example, 八 (8), 面 (noodles), 春 (spring)
  • creating drawings to support written communication in cards, posters and visual displays

  VCZHC114 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCEALA091

  Initiate and maintain simple conversations with others

  Elaborations

  • understanding and responding to simple English expressions related to personal or familiar topics, for example answering simple questions by giving basic information about self
  • borrowing words from questions asked, for example ‘What is your hobby?’, ‘My hobby is …’
  • negotiating meaning through use of gestures, modified speech, simple questions and clarifications
  • initiating exchanges in social and learning context, for example by asking a question

  VCEALA091 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALL026

  Recognise and use words from lexical sets related to immediate communicative need, interest or experience

  Elaborations

  • use common words related to immediate needs, such as colours, numbers, days, family- and school-specific word sets
  • using a single word for a variety of purposes, for example using ‘book’ to mean ‘This is my book’, ‘Where is her book?’, ‘I’d like to borrow that book’
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists to identify, clarify and rehearse words
  • using a range of strategies to learn new words and phrases, such as private rehearsal, personal vocabulary lists, use in own speech and writing

  VCEALL026 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features