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• VCASFU087

  Understand the interrelationship between text types, linguistic features, cohesive devices, audience, context and purpose

  Elaborations

  • analysing expository texts, identifying characteristic language elements and features
  • analysing a videoed class debate to identify how language is used to justify opinions and persuade others
  • analysing an Auslan text in depth, for example by identifying characteristic features of the particular text type and discussing how language choices are made to take account of a text’s intended audience and purpose
  • noticing how grammatical choices shade meaning, reflect perspective and establish relationship between text participants, for example choosing to be more or less English-like in a particular context or relationship
  • noticing how signers can compare or contrast ideas by locating things in the same or opposing sides of signing space
  • applying knowledge of ellipsis to achieve cohesion

  VCASFU087 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU249

  Explore the relationship between particular text types, audience, purpose and context and analyse language features used by signers to create cohesion and achieve the purpose of the text

  Elaborations

  • analysing a videoed class debate to see how language is used to justify opinions and to persuade others
  • conducting an in-depth analysis of a selected sign text, taking into account audience, purpose and topic to explain language choices made by the signer
  • expanding understanding of textual conventions, for example by explaining why signers choose alternatives to actor-verb-undergoer in a real text to topicalise the important point
  • noticing how signers can compare or contrast ideas by locating things in the same or opposing sides of signing space
  • noticing how signers construct cohesive and coherent texts through the use of text connectives such as lexical signs THEN or G:WELL or NMFs and pausing
  • identifying all the ways a signer refers to the same referent throughout a text to create cohesion

  VCASFU249 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU105

  Recognise similarities and differences in language features of different types of texts, and notice how signers build cohesion in texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising that texts are made up of one or more clauses, which have one or more signs in them, which together make meaning
  • looking at short recounts or narratives in Auslan and identifying information necessary to communicate with others such as who was involved or when and where the event happened
  • recognising that different signed texts serve different purposes and discussing and comparing these purposes, for example, a procedure is to explain how, a narrative is to entertain
  • identifying how signers use space to track participants through a text, for example by pointing back to an established location to refer to a noun referent
  • identifying the many ways signers can refer to the same referent in a text, for example by using DSs, points or list buoys, and noticing how such strategies help maintain interest and support understanding

  VCASFU105 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCAVAE033

  Explore visual arts practices as inspiration to explore and develop themes, concepts or ideas in artworks

  Elaborations

  • combining and adapting materials, techniques, technologies and art making processes to explore ideas
  • discussing how artists have applied materials and techniques to express emotions and consider this in their own art practice, for example, why and how artworks make them feel emotional, and can they apply a similar technique to their artworks?
  • observing and investigating how artists select and apply different visual arts techniques to express themes, concepts and ideas and considering how they could use these in their own art making
  • combining, adapting and manipulating images and objects from several sources to develop a theme in their artworks
  • exploring why artists have use specific stylistic qualities in their art works, for example, – why an artist use a particular style of expression? What other forms and styles suit the message the artist is conveying?

  VCAVAE033 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 7 and 8 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVAR024

  Respond to visual artworks, including artworks by local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, by describing subject matter and ideas

  Elaborations

  • identifying where students can experience art in their lives and communities, for example, keeping a diary of ‘art experiences’ and discuss how visual artworks communicate subject matter and ideas
  • discussing why artworks are made, by whom and for what purposes, for example, who made the artwork? where is the artwork from and why was it made? Where and how are artworks displayed?
  • describing how visual conventions are combined in their artworks and in the artwork of others to express ideas and concepts, for example how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artists use visual conventions to express ideas
  • describing and interpreting ideas in a selection of artworks, for example, considering the subject matter, styles and techniques of a selection of artworks, and how the artworks make the viewer think and feel in response to the artists’ intentions
  • describe the role of artist in expressing subject matter and viewer in interpreting meaning in artworks

  VCAVAR024 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 1 and 2 | Respond and Interpret

• VCAVAV006

  Experience some materials and techniques to make artworks

  Elaborations

  • exploring techniques, technologies materials and processes through supported learning experiences for example use materials such as paper, cardboard, cloth and other natural materials to create a collages or sculptures
  • exploring material through sensory art experiences, for example bubble, shaving cream or soap flake painting
  • using basic tools and different mediums to create art works in supported art experiences
  • learning to use basic tools appropriately to create an art work, for example holding and using basic familiar utensils such as a paint brush, roller or sponge for short period of time or attempting to continue to use utensil after demonstration
  • using different mediums in structured learning experiences such as wet and dry materials, clay, play dough to create art works
  • exploring the techniques that can be used with different materials in structured art experiences for example, rolling, brushing, rolling, overlapping

  VCAVAV006 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Level B | Visual Arts Practices

• VCDEC139

  Use simple questions, statements and responses to participate in and support classroom interactions and learning activities, and to indicate understanding and monitor own learning

  Elaborations

  • politely asking peers to do something and responding to requests, for example, giving and receiving things (Gib mir itte den Stift! bitte schön; danke schön)
  • discussing and creating shared class rules and procedures, for example, Dürfen wir auf dem Boden sitzen? Wir müssen immer aufpassen.
  • checking on progress during learning tasks or activities, using comments and questions such as Kein Problem! Das schaffen wir. Was machst du jetzt? Verstehst du das?
  • sharing ideas about the experience of learning and using German, and comparing what they can and cannot do, for example, Ich kann gut sprechen, aber ich finde das Lesen und Schreiben schwierig.

  VCDEC139 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEU153

  Understand that own and others’ language use is shaped by and reflects the values, ideas and norms of a community

  Elaborations

  • recognising that texts such as stories have a social and cultural purpose, for example, the moral of a fairy tale (Aschenputtel) and comparing the kinds of personal characteristics that are depicted in texts as desirable
  • recognising that language use can have connections to cultural practices, such as expressions from family or religious celebrations, or from outdoor activities such as sports, for example, Gott sei Dank!, ‘Howzat!’, ‘fair go’
  • discussing situations of culturally inappropriate language use and noticing what makes them inappropriate and how this may be addressed, for example, addressing an adult who is not a family member with du instead of Sie
  • noticing the impact of own assumptions about people from German-speaking countries, their language and culture, when listening to, reading and viewing texts, and considering how German speakers too may make assumptions and generalisations about Australians

  VCDEU153 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDSTC017

  Explore the characteristics and properties of materials and components that are used to create designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • exploring designed solutions to meet individual, family and community needs with a focus on materials, for example fabrics used for sports clothing, soft fall for play spaces
  • developing new meanings for objects and action during play, for example exploring how household packaging can be used to represent other objects
  • exploring systems used in the classroom or community for creatively dealing with problems and needs, for example storage systems for equipment, traffic system flow for drop and go zones, the use of hoists and ramps to facilitate access
  • exploring facilities in local environments for accessibility and environmental impact, for example location of bike tracks and sporting fields using digital maps to view local area
  • exploring materials, components, tools and equipment through play to discover potential uses when making products or modelling services and environments, for example when designing and making clothes, toys and shelters

  VCDSTC017 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Technologies Contexts | Materials and technologies specialisations

• VCDSTC014

  Explore how technologies use forces to create movement in designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • exploring how the principles of push and pull are used in the design of toys, for example in a spinning toy such as an Aboriginal mammandur
  • identifying, and playing and experimenting with, components such as wheels, balls, slides, springs and available local materials, tools and equipment to solve problems requiring movement
  • selecting materials to demonstrate how material properties are appropriate for particular designed solutions, for example materials that enable sliding or floating
  • exploring a system such as a marionette or Indonesian wayang kulit shadow puppet to see that movement can be created by combining materials with forces
  • combining materials and using forces in design, for example designing the door on a cage or a simple conveyor belt to move materials short distances
  • exploring how to manipulate materials using a range of tools, equipment and techniques to create movement, for example when constructing a toy boat that floats and moves

  VCDSTC014 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Technologies Contexts | Engineering principles and systems

• VCDSTS023

  Recognise the role of people in design and technologies occupations and explore factors, including sustainability, that impact on the design of solutions to meet community needs

  Elaborations

  • exploring, playing with and testing materials for their appropriateness, for example materials for a new sun-shade product
  • examining the suitability of a service or everyday system and proposing improvements, for example a water saving system for a bathroom at home
  • investigating materials, components, tools and equipment, including by using digital technologies, to discover their characteristics and properties, how they can be used more sustainably and their impact in the future
  • considering the impact of environments on users, for example a school vegetable garden, a protected outdoor play area
  • exploring and testing factors that impact on design decisions, for example considering the demographics of an area or the impact of natural disasters on design of constructed environments such as the structural design of buildings in Japan to withstand earthquakes
  • critiquing designed solutions to establish the factors that influence the design and use of common technologies, for example the characteristics that contribute to energy-efficient cooking such as wok cooking; the suitability and sustainable use of particular timbers

  VCDSTS023 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Technologies and Society

• VCDTCD041

  Design the user experience of a digital system, generating, evaluating and communicating alternative designs

  Elaborations

  • designing the user interface of a solution using a range of design tools, for example using a storyboard to explain the stages of a game, and wire-frames and mock-ups to describe the appearance of a solution
  • identifying features that make an effective game, such as storyline, goal, reward, gameplay and environment
  • identifying similar digital systems and their user interfaces, assessing whether user interface elements can be re-used
  • devising criteria and comparing alternative design ideas that address a problem, for example evaluating two design outlines on the basis of attractiveness, ergonomics, ease of use, emotional satisfaction and accessibility
  • applying the principles and elements of design to a series of solutions to evaluate the success of each solution in holding the viewer’s attention, for example identifying which colour combinations or framing of visual elements keep different audiences engaged with on-screen activity

  VCDTCD041 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCDTCD025

  Explain how student-developed solutions and existing information systems meet common personal, school or community needs

  Elaborations

  • investigating how information systems are used in communities and explaining what needs are being met, for example students jointly creating a short survey and collecting data about how many community residents use the online library borrowing system to download e-books and why
  • visiting an online museum, for example accessing an international museum online and being able to zoom in on the textures of historic Asian objects
  • exploring information systems that suit particular home or personal needs, for example using speech recognition software that can help speakers whose language background is not English, or a system to monitor energy or water consumption in the home
  • testing the adequacy of student-developed solutions, for example asking a classmate to review a digital solution and provide feedback

  VCDTCD025 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCDTCD051

  Design the user experience of a digital system, evaluating alternative designs against criteria including functionality, accessibility, usability and aesthetics

  Elaborations

  • designing the user interface of a solution using story boards and mock-ups, for example mocking up the product design of an app for people with disability
  • identifying similar digital systems and existing user interfaces, assessing whether their elements can be reused
  • evaluating aspects of the total user experience, that is, all aspects of the system as perceived by the users, for example, a user’s initial experience of setting up and using a system, or a user’s emotional or cultural response to using a digital system
  • designing documentation, branding and marketing for a digital solution, for example a product demonstration screencast or ‘getting started’ user guide
  • applying the principles and elements of design to a client’s requirements and evaluating the success of a solution through an iterative feedback process, for example using customer feedback to refine a user interface to provide access to important features more effectively

  VCDTCD051 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCDTDI027

  Examine how whole numbers are used as the basis for representing all types of data in digital systems

  Elaborations

  • recognising that digital systems represent all types of data using number codes that ultimately are patterns of 1s and 0s
  • explaining that binary represents numbers using 1s and 0s and these represent the on and off electrical states respectively in hardware and robotics
  • recognising that the numbers 0, 1, 2 and 3 could be represented by the patterns of two binary digits of 00, 01, 10 and 11
  • representing whole numbers in binary, for example counting in binary from zero to 15, or writing a friend’s age in binary
  • exploring how division by two can be used as a technique to determine the binary representation of any whole number by collecting remainder terms
  • representing the state of an object in a game as active or inactive using the respective binary values of 1 or 0

  VCDTDI027 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Data and Information

• VCDTDS019

  Explore a range of digital systems with peripheral devices for different purposes, and transmit different types of data

  Elaborations

  • using different peripheral devices to display information to others, for example using a mobile device, interactive whiteboard or a data projector to present information
  • using specific peripheral devices to capture different types of data, for example using a digital microscope to capture images of living and non-living things
  • experimenting with different types of digital system components and peripheral devices to perform input, output and storage functions, for example, a keyboard, stylus, touch screen, switch scan device or joystick to input instructions; a monitor, printer or tablet to display information; or a USB flash drive and external hard drive as storage peripheral devices
  • recognising that images and music can be transferred from a mobile device to a computer, for example using a cable to connect a camera and computer to upload images for a photo story

  VCDTDS019 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Digital Systems

• VCECD008

  Discuss the role of personal values and dispositions in ethical decision-making and actions

  Elaborations

  • exploring, as part of a character analysis in a narrative such as Harry Potter or Aesop’s fables, questions such as: What do characters say and do that might suggest their dispositions? To what extent are dispositions such as being honest, cautious, persistent, selfish, proud, or empathetic necessary for ethical decision-making? Can someone be honest and brave and yet make the wrong choice? Are there some dispositions that are more important than others?
  • undertaking research to identify dispositions and values commonly associated with significant community leaders, heroes, sport champions and celebrities and discussing what counts as a desirable disposition and reasons for disagreements
  • discussing the actions of a character over time, for example, the father or friends in the book/film 'How to Train Your Dragon', to determine the values implicit or explicit in decision-making and what may cause personal values to be questioned

  VCECD008 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 3 and 4 | Decision Making and Actions

• VCELC028

  Consider how cultural identity influences interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse contexts such as Australia

  Elaborations

  • developing an understanding of contemporary life in diverse Greek-speaking communities, for example, through viewing excerpts from Greek films, and reflecting on similarities and differences to own lifestyle
  • preparing a family tree with information such as languages spoken by family members, significant places/countries, and reflecting on how background can shape identity, Μιλώ αγγλικά, Είμαι Καναδός, Η μαμά μου μιλά ελληνικά και γαλλικά, ο παππούς μου είναι Άγγλος
  • exploring how cultural identity is manifested in Australian and Greek-speaking communities, for example, through family occasions, community events and festivals, reflecting on the importance of shared understanding
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek, considering how it may add a further dimension to own sense of identity

  VCELC028 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELC139

  Interact in class activities, using questions, statements and responses to enhance, demonstrate and share understanding

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers during individual or group activities, for example, Κοίτα, Άκου, Κάνε το έτσι, Πες το, Τι κάνεις τώρα;
  • checking on progress during learning tasks or activities, using comments and questions such as Κατάλαβες; Εντάξει, Πώς πας; Τελείωσες; Το ξέρω, Το έκανα, εύκολο
  • asking peers politely to do something and responding to requests, for example, giving and receiving things, Ένα μολύβι παρακαλώ, Ορίστε. Ευχαριστώ πολύ. Παρακαλώ. Θα ήθελα ... Μου δίνεις;
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek, comparing what they can and cannot do, for example, Ξέρω να γράφω, να μιλώ, να μετρώ μέχρι τα 100

  VCELC139 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELU117

  Recognise that in Greek, greetings and forms of address vary according to such things as the time of day, age, gender and relationship of participants

  Elaborations

  • using appropriate form of address or greeting depending on gender, age and social status of participants, and time of day, for example, using Γεια σου or Τι κάνεις; with peers and Γεια σας or Τι κάνετε; when speaking to adults, using Καλημέρα, Γεια σας, Χαίρετε, Καλησπέρα or Καληνύχτα depending on the time of day, using first names when greeting friends but adding a salutation when addressing teachers/adults: Γεια σας κυρία Αγγελική
  • recognising that there can be different forms of address for the same person, for example, μαμά, μητέρα

  VCELU117 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change