Students’ pronunciation, intonation and phrasing are more confident, and they apply appropriate writing conventions, including spelling and punctuation, in a range of print, digital and multimodal texts. They use grammatical structures, such as verb conjugation, suffixes, linguistic elements...
Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence
By the end of Level 4, students use spoken and written Chinese in simple personal interactions with familiar participants about self, family, people, places, routine, school life, and their own interests and preferences, for example, 你叫什么名字? 你上几年级? 你有狗吗? 你喜欢什么运动? They use appropriate pronunciation...
Level description | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4
Students engage in cross-cultural communication and reflect on their own experiences in Chinese. They exchange information and ideas and share their life experiences. They use creative and expressive language in narratives to express their imagination.
Students use Chinese for self-expression,...
Level description | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence
By the end of Level 8, students use their knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and textual cues to identify and interpret information in Classical Greek texts, such as narratives, about the daily life and attitudes of the ancient Greeks. They interpret grammatical structures such as inflected forms...
Level description | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8
By the end of Level 6, students use written and spoken French for classroom interactions and transactions, and to exchange personal ideas, experiences and feelings. They ask and answer questions in complete sentences in familiar contexts (Est-ce que je peux … ? Tu peux..… ?), using app...
Level description | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6
By the end of Level 10, students use written and spoken French to socialise with peers, teachers and other French speakers in local contexts and online environments. They communicate about immediate and personal interests and involvements (family, friends, interests), and some broader social and...
Level description | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10
By the end of Level 8, students share factual information and opinions about their personal worlds, including personal details, family, pets, friends, pastimes, school and neighbourhood. They interact with others orally and in writing, asking and responding to questions using Siapa, Apakah, Berapa...
Level description | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8
By the end of Level 4, students understand a range of spoken, written, and multimodal texts on familiar topics, including home life, friends and classroom activities. They use Italian to communicate and to interact, for example, to exchange greetings and to address people, using appropriate language...
Level description | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4
By the end of Level 10, students use written and spoken Japanese to interact with peers, the teacher and other Japanese speakers to exchange information and opinions about personal interests and experiences. With support they share information about broader topics of interest, such as education...
Level description | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10
Students have an increasing control over Korean pronunciation, writing in Hangeul and using vocabulary, forms and structures, and textual features. They approximate the pronunciation at syllable boundaries applying relevant Korean pronunciation rules, and write polysyllabic words that include...
Level description | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence
Students become familiar with the sounds of Korean and approximate pronunciation of Korean syllables in words and short phrases, noting meaningful sounds in Korean and their differences from English sounds. They are introduced to Hangeul, recognising its alphabetical nature and different shapes...
Level description | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence
Auslan (Australian Sign Language) is the language of the Deaf community of Australia and is descended from British Sign Language (BSL). Auslan and other signed languages around the world are fully-fledged languages that are visual-gestural in nature. They have a complete set of linguistic...
Overview material | Auslan
The formal study of Auslan contributes to the overall intellectual and social enrichment of both first language and second language learners by providing:
Overview material | Auslan
The Classical Greek language belongs to the Indo-European linguistic family. It is thus related to most of the languages of Europe, to Old Persian and, through Sanskrit, to several major Indian languages.
Classical Greek is...
Overview material | Classical Greek
The study of Classical Greek allows students to enter and explore ancient worlds that have shaped contemporary life and societies. Authentic engagement with seminal works of great literature and antiquities gives direct access to ancient ways of living in and viewing the world, and an...
Overview material | Classical Greek
Italian belongs to the Romance family of languages and is closely connected to its ‘sibling’ languages of Spanish, Portuguese and French. It also has many commonalities and connections with English, sharing many Latin-derived words and using the same Roman...
Overview material | Italian
Korean is spoken by around 80 million people in the Korean Peninsula and worldwide. With the rapidly growing popularity of and interest in Korean culture across the world, the number of people learning Korean is also growing fast in many countries in Asia, Oceania, the...
Overview material | Korean
Latin developed from a local dialect of central Italy to become the official language of ancient Rome, transmitting Roman law, government, literature and social and cultural knowledge and values throughout much of Europe, North Africa...
Overview material | Latin
The study of Latin allows students to enter and explore ancient worlds that have shaped contemporary life and societies. Authentic engagement with seminal works of great literature and antiquities gives direct access to ancient ways of living in and viewing the world, and an appreciation...
Overview material | Latin
Languages can be identified differently, depending on if one is taking a community or linguistic perspective. The two views are complementary, allowing understanding of different aspects of language.
From a community perspective, a language is identified with a...
Overview material | Victorian Aboriginal Languages