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• VCELA182

  Understand how to spell one and two syllable words with common letter patterns

  Elaborations

  • investigating one and two syllable words containing common consonant blends and vowel sounds, for example ‘tree’, ‘star’ and 'about', 'begin', identified in shared texts
  • learning an increasing number of high-frequency sight words recognised in shared texts and in texts being read independently (for example 'one', 'have', 'them', 'about')

  VCELA182 | Curriculum content | English | Level 1 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA147

  Blend sounds associated with letters when reading consonant-vowel-consonant words

  Elaborations

  • blending together common sounds for consonants and vowels to read short words with consonant-vowel-consonant patterns, for example, c-a-t, p-e-g

  VCELA147 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA112

  Identify and make sounds associated with the beginning letter of words or images

  Elaborations

  • identifying the beginning sound of a word
  • identifying familiar words or image which start with the same sound

  VCELA112 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA122

  Use, communicate or articulate high-frequency words and reproduce familiar sounds and their letters

  Elaborations

  • identifying the beginning sound of own names and other familiar words
  • using and articulating a range of familiar words
  • repeating short refrains from texts, for example ‘I think I can’, ‘I’m not scared’, ‘Where are you?’
  • identifying some words with the same onset, for example objects that start with the same letter as their name
  • learning to recognize some letter-sound relationships

  VCELA122 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Language

• VCELY125

  Use symbols, letters and words to create a simple statement about an idea or event

  Elaborations

  • creating a drawing and simple statement (of own ‘writing’) about an event
  • participating in the construction of class texts by selecting images and suggesting simple sentences to accompany the image

  VCELY125 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Literacy

• VCELA226

  Understand how to use digraphs, long vowels, blends, silent letters and syllabification to spell simple words including compound words

  Elaborations

  • drawing on knowledge of high-frequency sight words
  • drawing on knowledge of sound–letter relationships (for example breaking words into syllables and phonemes)
  • using known words in writing and spelling unknown words using developing visual, graphophonic and morphemic knowledge

  VCELA226 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Writing | Language

• VCEALL052

  Recognise capital letters, spaces and full stops

  Elaborations

  • showing awareness that words are separated by spaces, such as by pointing to words or counting words
  • pointing to capital letters and full stops in a text
  • pausing at full stops when reading aloud
  • using spaces to count words in a sentence or on a line
  • using capital letters and full stops to count sentences

  VCEALL052 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA295

  Understand how to use spelling patterns and generalisations including syllabification, letter combinations including double letters, and morphemic knowledge to build word families

  Elaborations

  • using phonological knowledge (for example long vowel patterns in multi-syllabic words) and consonant clusters (for example 'straight', 'throat', 'screen', 'squawk')
  • using visual knowledge (for example diphthongs in more complex words and other ambiguous vowel sounds, as in 'oy', 'oi', 'ou', 'ow', 'ould', 'u', 'ough', 'au', 'aw'), silent beginning consonant patterns (for example 'gn' and 'kn')
  • applying generalisations, such as doubling (for example 'running') and 'e'-drop (for example 'hoping')

  VCELA295 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCEALL209

  Understand the function of spaces, capital letters and full stops

  Elaborations

  • using spaces to count words in a sentence or on a line
  • using capital letters and full stops to count sentences
  • pausing at full stops when reading aloud

  VCEALL209 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELU131

  Experiment with the pronunciation and writing of the alphabet letters, recognising sound–letter relationships, letter clusters and vowel–consonant combinations, using the accent mark to aid pronunciation

  Elaborations

  • identifying and pronouncing the sounds of the Greek alphabet as well as the most common digraphs and letter blends, for example, ου, αι, ει, οι (double vowels), μπ, ντ, γγ, γκ, τσ, τζ (double consonants), αυ, ευ (vowel combinations)
  • practising letter clusters,for example, στρ, μπρ, in common words or in names, Στράτος, μπράτσο
  • beginning to recognise high-frequency words such as η, ο, το, μου, έχω, είμαι, είναι, θέλω, να
  • comparing markings on words in different languages, for example, αλάτι (Greek), français, (French), váza (Czech), Grüße (German), niña (Spanish) and observing that the markings have different purposes
  • using the accent mark appropriately in Greek when writing, for pronunciation as well as meaning
  • applying appropriate punctuation marks such as full stop, comma (in lists), exclamation mark and question mark
  • using different strategies to remember new sounds, for example, mnemonics

  VCELU131 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU029

  Identify, pronounce and write the alphabet letters, recognising sound–letter relationships in the language being studied

  Elaborations

  • identifying and pronouncing the sounds of the alphabet
  • practising letter clusters in common words or in names
  • beginning to recognise high-frequency words
  • applying appropriate punctuation marks such as full stop, comma, exclamation mark and question mark
  • using different strategies to remember new sounds, for example mnemonics

  VCNRU029 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU131

  Experiment with the pronunciation of vowel sounds, letter combinations and intonation patterns, and recognise and write high-frequency words and expressions in familiar contexts

  Elaborations

  • recognising and practising short and long vowel sounds, initial consonants and blends, for example, ja, rot, singen, Sport, Winter, zwei
  • recognising and using the Umlaut and Eszett to pronounce and write familiar German words
  • understanding that intonation patterns create different meanings, as in the distinction between statements, questions and exclamations (Du bist acht. Du bist acht? Du bist acht!)
  • encoding and decoding familiar German words using alphabetic knowledge of single letters, consonant clusters (sch) and vowel combinations (au, ei, eu, ie), applying learnt memory aids such as ‘when E and I go walking, the second one does the talking’

  VCDEU131 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELA260

  Know that word contractions are a feature of informal language and that apostrophes of contraction are used to signal missing letters

  Elaborations

  • recognising both grammatically accurate and inaccurate usage of the apostrophe in everyday texts such as signs in the community and newspaper advertisements

  VCELA260 | Curriculum content | English | Level 3 | Writing | Language

• VCELA326

  Recognise and write less familiar words that share common letter patterns but have different pronunciations

  Elaborations

  • spelling words that share common letter patterns but have different pronunciations, for example the 'ou' in 'journey', 'your', 'tour', 'sour'

  VCELA326 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA158

  Know how to use onset and rime to spell words where sounds map more directly onto letters

  Elaborations

  • breaking words into onset and rime, for example c/at
  • building word families using onset and rime, for example h/ot, g/ot, n/ot, sh/ot, sp/ot

  VCELA158 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Writing | Language

• VCELA294

  Understand how to use phonic generalisations to identify and write words with more complex letter combinations

  Elaborations

  • using knowledge of complex spelling patterns to read and write words, for example 'bought'

  VCELA294 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA041

  Explore the concept of difference through matching letters, images, shapes and familiar words and sounds

  Elaborations

  • matching pictures and shapes that are the same
  • learning to match letters of the alphabet that are the same

  VCELA041 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELY268

  Understand the conventions for writing words and sentences using joined letters that are clearly formed and consistent in size

  Elaborations

  • practising how to join letters to construct a fluent handwriting style

  VCELY268 | Curriculum content | English | Level 3 | Writing | Literacy

• VCFRU030

  Experiment with the pronunciation of vowel sounds, letter combinations and intonation patterns, and recognise and write high-frequency words and expressions in familiar contexts

  Elaborations

  • creating an alphabet bank, collecting words that begin with each letter, for example, H: l’hiver, l’homme, l’hôtel; M: mai, mardi, le mouchoir; P: le pain, Papa, le poisson
  • recognising and practising the most common vowel sounds, such as ou (vous, jour), oi (toi, voiture), on (bonbon, mon), ai (aimer, j’ai), ain (train, demain) and eau (chȃteau, beau)
  • observing differences in pronunciation of word endings shared with English such as -tion and -ent, for example, attention, situation, commencement, accident
  • understanding that some letters blend to make single sounds (such as -ille, -eau or qu-), that some final consonants in French words are usually silent (for example, le rat, le tapis, vert, chez) and some are usually pronounced (for example, chic, actif)

  VCFRU030 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU012

  Recognise and reproduce the sounds and letters of the alphabet of the language being studied, identifying how they are represented in words

  Elaborations

  • building phonic awareness by pronouncing and writing the target-language alphabet letters with familiar sounds, and building to more unfamiliar sounds
  • experimenting with sounds, rhythms, intonation and stress
  • noticing the number of letters in the alphabet of the language being studied
  • locating and highlighting specific alphabet letters from the language being studied
  • developing pronunciation and intonation skills by singing, reciting and repeating alphabet names in context, for example, songs
  • focusing on those letters that are different from letters in the English alphabet

  VCNRU012 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language