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• VCELU186

  Reflect on the dynamic and ecological nature of language, recognising that Modern Greek still uses some words and phrases from earlier Greek versions of its language, and that all languages influence each other

  Elaborations

  • examining traditional and contemporary Greek texts and identifying expressions still in use today, for example, Εν τω μεταξύ
  • recognising how English is modifying Greek language use in particular spheres, for example, language used in the entertainment industry, films and television programs, or language used to express modern concepts, for example, το ματς, το φαστφουντάδικο , να μπω στο ίντερνετ, σε φόρουμ , κάνω τσατ/τσατάρω or language used to keep up with trends, for example, ρελάξ , OK, κουλ
  • recognising that language changes over time, for example, by viewing Greek films in historical settings and those in contemporary settings and discussing the language used

  VCELU186 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCFRC114

  Respond to a range of traditional and contemporary texts, and compare themes and language style

  Elaborations

  • comparing treatment of particular themes, such as romance, adventure or family, in a range of texts created at different times, identifying changes in values and perspectives over time (for example, les fables, les contes, les dessins animés, la science fiction)
  • creating a shared database of imaginative, performative and expressive texts that they have enjoyed (such as songs, poems, cartoons and films), cross-referencing titles, genres, themes and values, and giving ratings and brief explanations for selections
  • comparing contemporary French and Australian music by reading music magazines, viewing video clips and listening to music stations, identifying similarities and differences in expression, themes and styles of performance
  • reviewing examples of French humour across different times and contexts (for example, le mime, les blagues, les comiques, les dessins animés), and considering similar changes in Australian expressions of humour according to era and context

  VCFRC114 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCIDC069

  Build relationships by sharing personal opinions, memories and feelings about aspects of childhood, teenage life and aspirations

  Elaborations

  • corresponding with peers such as by using telephone/video calls, SMS or social media to build relationships and share views on aspects of teenage life such as friends, responsibilities, interests, aspirations and topical issues
  • creating an autobiographical account to share with others describing key milestones in own life, for example, a significant birthday, an overseas trip, a religious ceremony, a sporting event, music accreditation, getting a learner’s permit
  • sending (digital) greeting cards or messages to express feelings or attitudes towards people, events and interests, for example, expressing regret, sympathy, dissatisfaction, admiration or gratitude
  • participating in exchanges, using strategies to initiate and sustain interactions, such as showing agreement or surprise, or asking for clarification or confirmation, for example, Boleh saya bertanya…?, Apa maksudmu?, Maaf?, Oh, begitu

  VCIDC069 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCIDC038

  Locate, classify and compare factual information from texts about aspects of daily life and significant events across cultures

  Elaborations

  • identifying information in texts such as advertisements, conversations, brochures and announcements, and sharing this information with others in another format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • reading texts and extracting key points about an issue or topic (such as housing, living in the city or a rural area, types of activities for young people and their daily routines), and discussing information with peers, Anak itu tinggal di kampung…
  • reading, viewing and listening to texts to research information about concepts related to other learning areas such as the Arts, Humanities and Science
  • identifying and comparing perspectives about information in spoken and written texts , for example, Apakah informasi ini benar?, Informasi ini dari mana?, Siapa yang menulis teks ini?, Berapa orang setuju?

  VCIDC038 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCIDC113

  Interact with others, monitoring how identity influences intercultural exchange, and reflect on own identity and the diversity of Indonesian identities

  Elaborations

  • analysing language choices and gestures used by Indonesian speakers and considering whether or not and how to use these in own communication, for example, using Muslim prayer times to refer to times of the day such as waktu subuh (at dawn), waktu maghrib (at sunset)
  • reflecting on choices made to reveal or conceal aspects of identity when interacting with different people across cultures (for example, Ibu dan bapak saya sudah bercerai, Ini adik tiri saya, saya tidak beragama)
  • gathering examples of language/s used by various people in different contexts, including the range of languages spoken by Indonesians, and discussing how the examples reveal aspects of identity
  • monitoring own language use and identity across a range of intercultural interactions, such as by using a blog or journal, and considering own views about being a learner and user of Indonesian

  VCIDC113 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCIDC055

  Identify, summarise and evaluate factual information related to topics of interest such as leisure, food and diet, entertainment and special occasions

  Elaborations

  • gathering data from class surveys, social networking profiles, realia and charts to use in own texts, for example, synthesising information for a report or presentation
  • listening to, reading and viewing (digital) invitations, cards and messages, and responding to them
  • engaging with simple texts such as magazines, interviews, announcements and websites to gather facts about events or people, and reporting information to others, for example, using a timeline to show a sequence of events or create a profile of a famous Indonesian
  • analysing and summarising information from reports, posters, websites, itineraries and brochures, using tools such as concept maps and tables to organise and present information
  • comparing details from a range of texts about special occasions and ceremonies, and discussing culture-specific terms and representations

  VCIDC055 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCITC106

  Reflect on own and others’ responses to intercultural experiences and interactions

  Elaborations

  • listening to and viewing interactions between Italian speakers (for example, in short video clips), noticing social norms such as levels of formality in opening and closing conversations
  • reflecting on how interactions are conducted in Australia and in Italy (for example, at school or while shopping), comparing aspects such as the exchange of social niceties or the efficiency of the interaction, for example, Buongiorno. Mi dica … /Desidera?
  • participating in guided bilingual discussion of intercultural experiences and personal reactions, noticing challenges and adjustments, for example, Cosa noti di diverso? Cosa pensi? Penso che … Che differenza c’è tra fare un acquisto in Italia e in Australia? Secondo me …

  VCITC106 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCITC116

  Participate in individual and collective action by deciding, explaining and justifying

  Elaborations

  • participating in planning and decision making with others, for example, arranging an event, class debate, performance, excursion or guest speaker, or organising a petition or a letter to the principal/local council (Devo/Dobbiamo organizzare … Cosa dobbiamo fare? Chi invitiamo? Bisogna [+ infinitive]. Vuoi venire al dibattito con me? Come possiamo convincere il comune a … ? Scriviamo una lettera per convincere il preside a … )
  • expressing, contrasting and comparing views on particular expectations and issues such as the use of social media at school, by writing blogs, emails and letters, for example, sono d’accordo, non sono d’accordo; vorrei dare la mia opinione

  VCITC116 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCJAC132

  Participate in and respond to imaginative texts such as interactive stories and performances, for example by acting out responses or making simple statements to identify and compare favourite characters and elements

  Elaborations

  • viewing excerpts from texts such as anime and children’s television programs, listening for key words and familiar phrases and interpreting cultural expressions and behaviours
  • collecting favourite exclamations, words or expressions used in imaginative and expressive texts in oral, print and digital formats, such as へえー、うそー、あれ？、うーん、どうしよう、こまった、できた、やったー！、おめでとう、がんばって、すごい、いいよ、だめ and using them in their own communicative exchanges in similar modes
  • drawing their own versions of characters encountered in imaginative texts, and selecting simple descriptive modelled statements as captions to their pictures
  • sequencing elements of imaginative texts such as cartoons or simple narratives, for example, by creating a storyboard using pictures and captions
  • recognising character traits or behaviours in texts such as anime, manga and children’s stories that reflect Japanese culture and traditions

  VCJAC132 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCKOC175

  Identify, classify and compare information and ideas obtained from spoken, written, print or digital texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying context, purpose and audience of texts such as advertisements, signs, announcements and recipes
  • gathering facts independently and collaboratively about events or people and report information to others, by accessing simple texts from sources such as magazines, interviews, announcements and websites, for example, drawing a timeline to show a sequence of events or to profile a famous Korean, or person from their country of origin
  • listening to, viewing and reading texts that reflect different aspects of Korean culture, art, history or geography, noting key words, specialised terms or points of information to be re-used when sharing the information in print and digital forms such as class magazines or web postings
  • analysing and summarising information from texts such as television programs, reports, interviews, video clips, documentaries and social networks, using tools such as tables, concept maps and charts to organise and order information and inform others of findings
  • comparing details from a range of texts about special occasions and ceremonies, and discussing culture-specific terms and representations

  VCKOC175 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCKOC182

  Create spoken, written or multimodal texts that reflect significant experiences related to the experience of learning Korean language and culture

  Elaborations

  • mapping their own linguistic and cultural profiles, for example, by creating a chart/timeline/webprofile to highlight formative elements such as family languages, key relationships and intercultural experiences
  • describing their significant past encounters with Korean language and culture involving people, places and events, and the influence these encounters have had in shaping own identity, recording their experiences by, for example, keeping a digital/online journal in blogs or wikis
  • reflecting on own identity, relating it to own past experience involving Korean language and culture,and considering how others’ experience impacts on their identity
  • sharing and comparing, face-to-face and online, cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities, and exchanging views on the benefits of speaking more than one language, such as having a larger vocabulary to draw on, new insights and perspectives, and opportunities for new experiences

  VCKOC182 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCKOU169

  Recognise the dynamic nature of languages and cultures, and the changing and influential relationships that exist between languages

  Elaborations

  • listening to and viewing stories on the creation of Hangeul and reflecting on the background/rationale for its creation, for example, stories about 세종대왕, 홍익인간, • (천), ㅡ (지), ㅣ (인)
  • sharing knowledge of some historical aspects of own languages, including Australian English and Aboriginal languages, for example, koala/gula, kangaroo/gangurru
  • identifying Korean words used in Australia and sharing own experience of using/encountering them, for example, 비빔밥 (bibimbap), 아리랑 (arirang)
  • matching Korean loan words from English and other languages, and exploring their origins, for example, 피아노 (piano), 피자 (pizza), 케밥 (kebab)

  VCKOU169 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VC2M8SP03

  describe in different ways the position and location of three-dimensional objects in 3 dimensions, including using a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with the use of dynamic geometry software or other digital tools

  Elaborations

  • locating aircraft or drones using latitude, longitude and altitude as a three-dimensional coordinate system
  • constructing three-dimensional objects using 3D printers or designing software that uses a three-dimensional coordinate system
  • comparing and contrasting two-dimensional and three-dimensional coordinate systems by highlighting what is the same and what is different, including virtual maps versus street views
  • using dynamic geometry software to construct shapes and objects within the first quadrant of a three-dimensional coordinate system
  • interpreting three-dimensional coordinate locations for objects in multistorey car parks, or playing games based on three-dimensional coordinate systems such as three-dimensional noughts-and-crosses
  • exploring position and transformation through geospatial technologies used by Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities

  VC2M8SP03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 8 | Space

• VC2M10ST04

  analyse claims, inferences and conclusions of statistical reports in the media and other places, by linking claims to displays, statistics and representative data, including ethical considerations and identification of potential sources of bias

  Elaborations

  • identifying potentially misleading data representations in the media such as graphs with broken axes and scales that do not start at zero or are nonlinear; and recognising when data is not relating to the claim, not representative of the population or is deliberately being used to mislead or support a claim or biased point of view
  • investigating the source and size of the sample from which the data was collected and deciding whether the sample is appropriately representative of the population 
  • investigating population proportions and rates, and discussing potential ethical considerations, for example, when presenting statistical data involving infection rates and the number of cases per head of population
  • discussing the ethical considerations associated with collecting data to predict the number of people likely to be infected with a strain of flu or experience side effects with a certain medication, considering validity claims and sample sizes
  • using the concept of Indigenous data sovereignty to critique and evaluate the Australian Government’s ‘Closing the Gap’ report 

  VC2M10ST04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 10 | Statistics

• VCNRC074

  Interpret and discuss different imaginative texts, expressing and justifying opinions on aspects such as themes, mood, emotions and language choices

  Elaborations

  • interpreting images and language choices to convey cultural concepts and ideas in songs, films and performances
  • reading, viewing and listening to imaginative texts in a variety of modes to explore and discuss the representation of aspects of society and culture of countries where the language is spoken, for example, current social themes such as youth issues, identity
  • discussing how imaginative texts such as films, plays and songs portray social issues in everyday life such as relationships, generation gap
  • responding to texts to explain how mood is created and narrative developed through language and expression, language choice, use of metaphors, humour, suspense, surprise
  • analysing imaginative texts, to discuss how language, culture and literary devices are used to portray characters, places or events in order to evoke humorous or emotional responses
  • comparing lyrics, themes and popular styles with English language songs, explaining similarities and differences in language use, cultural aspects and modes of expression

  VCNRC074 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCNRC077

  Create a range of bilingual texts for a variety of purposes and audiences, reflecting on how meaning can be conveyed effectively

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual texts for speakers of the target language in Australia, for example, leaflets promoting the arrival of a famous performer or sports team from a country where the language is spoken
  • creating bilingual texts, such as a children’s story to read to primary school children and comparing aspects of language and culture and discussing with peers and teachers how meaning can be conveyed effectively
  • producing bilingual texts such as articles and brochures for different contexts and purposes, and reflecting on the process of working in both the target language and English for example, an information leaflet for exchange students coming to Australia or for a student study tour to a place where the target language is spoken
  • corresponding with peers who speak the language being studied to compare experiences and attitudes, making choices about how to represent intended meaning, for example, exchanging views and opinions about school subjects and future aspirations

  VCNRC077 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCRAC055

  Identify, summarise and evaluate factual information related to topics of interest such as leisure, food and diet, entertainment and special occasions

  Elaborations

  • gathering data from class surveys, social networking profiles, realia and charts to use in own texts, for example, synthesising information for a report or presentation
  • listening to, reading and viewing (digital) invitations, cards and messages, and responding to them
  • engaging with simple texts such as magazines, interviews, announcements and websites to gather facts about events or people, and reporting information to others for example, by using a timeline to show a sequence of events or creating a profile of a famous speaker of the language
  • analysing and summarising information from, for example, reports, posters, websites, itineraries and brochures, using tools such as concept maps and tables to organise and present information
  • comparing details from a range of texts about special occasions and ceremonies, and discussing culture-specific terms and representations

  VCRAC055 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCTRC010

  Notice how using Turkish and English involves some different ways of communicating and behaving

  Elaborations

  • noticing which language they are more comfortable in and choose to use in particular situations, for example, at home or on the phone with grandparents, at bayram or in the playground
  • identifying language or behaviours that fit well in their Turkish family or community context but not in other contexts or situations, for example, kissing hands of older people and receiving spending money during bayram
  • identifying gestures or body language that are used more often in Turkish than in English, for example, raising the head to indicate ‘no’, tutting to indicate shock or upset, raising the index finger to ask permission to speak in class
  • considering whether they feel different when using Turkish in the classroom to how they feel when using it at home
  • reflecting on their impressions of cultural differences when viewing images, video clips, singing songs, dancing or listening to stories from Turkish-speaking regions, responding to teacher prompts such as Neyi farkettiniz? Neden öyle düşünüyorsun? Farklılıkları ve benzerlikleri nelerdir?

  VCTRC010 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCVIC011

  Reflect on own biography, including family origins, traditions and beliefs, considering how it impacts on identity and shapes intercultural communication

  Elaborations

  • mapping their own linguistic and cultural profiles, for example, by creating a timeline or web profile to highlight formative elements such as family languages, traditions and beliefs, key relationships and intercultural experiences
  • identifying events, relationships and experiences that have contributed to building a personal and/or collective sense of identity, for example, một kỳ nghỉ, một cuộc thi tài, bạn tôi, gia đình tôi, một đội/nhóm
  • identifying aspects of personal identity such as age, gender and social status that are important when interacting in Vietnamese, for example, using the correct personal pronouns to address elderly people (thưa ông/bà/bác/chú/cô/dì), and shaking or not shaking hands depending on gender and age
  • comparing cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities with peers, and exchanging views on the benefits of being bilingual

  VCVIC011 | Languages | Vietnamese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCVIC145

  Engage with imaginative texts, including digital and multimodal, by identifying and describing key elements such as themes, settings, characters and events

  Elaborations

  • identifying and describing key elements of an imaginative text, such as settings, characters and events, by asking and responding to questions such as ở đâu? khi nào? ai? làm gì? như thế nào? tại sao?, or by producing a profile of a character or a timeline of events
  • reading or viewing imaginative texts in print, digital or multimodal forms, such as poems, cartoons, stories, folk tales or films, and performing scenes that illustrate aspects of a character’s attitudes, personality or reactions, the story’s ending or the writer’s message
  • illustrating an extract of text by selecting images, for example, a picture, colour, symbol or emoticon, to express the content, mood or key message of the text
  • participating in imaginative exchanges such as a role-play between characters from a story

  VCVIC145 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating