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• VCELY092

  Trace patterns and letters

  Elaborations

  • attempting to convey a message through marks on paper, including some linear letter-like marks, moving from left to right across the page
  • holding and manipulating objects using their fingers
  • using objects and materials in purposeful ways

  VCELY092 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Writing | Literacy

• VCEALA067

  Use some home language words and words copied from various sources

  Elaborations

  • copying words from classroom resources such as labels, signs, word lists
  • writing in home language script or transliterating the sound of a home language word in English letters when the English word is unknown
  • asking home language peers or the teacher for the English translation and spelling of a home language word
  • explaining the meaning of a home language word when asked, for example by pointing, drawing, using known language

  VCEALA067 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALL670

  Spell most commonly encountered words correctly

  Elaborations

  • learning high-frequency sight words from shared texts and classroom activities
  • recognising common letter patterns in familiar and new words

  VCEALL670 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA134

  Blend sounds to produce familiar single syllable words and identify words that have the same rime

  Elaborations

  • exploring words which share the same rime
  • identifying the sounds within the word
  • matching the grapheme (letter) with the phoneme (sound)

  VCELA134 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCEALL794

  Spell words accurately using a range of strategies

  Elaborations

  • spelling accurately a wide range of words including unusual and technical words, using knowledge of spelling conventions and letter–sound relationships
  • referring to dictionaries, online tools, curriculum area texts and personal vocabulary lists to check spelling

  VCEALL794 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL237

  Spell a number of high-frequency words accurately

  Elaborations

  • spelling some high-frequency words accurately from memory, including own name and short words used regularly, such as ‘it’, ‘my’, ‘we’
  • representing words by their initial letter, such as ‘b’ for ‘book’

  VCEALL237 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCKOU164

  Understand the relationships between letters and sounds, and between intonation and punctuation/printing conventions in Korean, applying this understanding to own speech, reading and writing

  Elaborations

  • pronouncing words following basic pronunciation rules, for example, pronouncing 한국어, 같이 and 감사합니다 as 항구거, 가치 and 감사함니다
  • using basic punctuation in writing, including a question mark (?) for questions and a full stop (.) for other types of sentences
  • recognising spacing and spelling rules in reading and writing, for example, 소라가 방에 있어요 versus 소라 가방에 있어요
  • comparing spacing and spelling rules in Korean with such rules in English and other known languages

  VCKOU164 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCEALL398

  Spell frequently used words with common patterns with increased accuracy

  Elaborations

  • spelling accurately high-frequency words and words from shared texts and classroom activities
  • using knowledge of letter–sound relationships and common letter groups to attempt to spell new words, with varied accuracy, such as ‘lern’ for ‘learn’

  VCEALL398 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELU165

  Identify and reproduce irregularities of some sound–letter relationships and combinations, such as σμ, αυ, ευ, μία/μια, όι, άι, οϊ, αϊ, κι εγώ, build on pronunciation, using the accent mark for both intonation and meaning, spell frequently used words and apply accurate punctuation to writing

  Elaborations

  • examining differences in digraphs/diphthongs, consonant and vowel combinations, and double consonants
  • reinforcing the sounds represented by, for example, δ, θ, β, ξ,ψ, χ, and comparing similarities and differences between the Greek and Roman scripts
  • examining and applying the rules of accentuation when using Greek
  • identifying differences in tone, intonation and rhythm between statements, questions, exclamations and commands, for example, ορίστε, παρακαλώ, identifying and using irregularities in the language such as κι εγώ, μία-μια, δύο-δυο
  • applying punctuation and spelling rules to own writing
  • experimenting with pronunciation of less familiar texts

  VCELU165 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELY163

  Construct texts using software including word processing programs

  Elaborations

  • using simple functions of keyboard and mouse including typing letters, scrolling, selecting icons and drop-down menu

  VCELY163 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Writing | Literacy

• VCELA168

  Identify rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and some sounds (phonemes) in spoken words

  Elaborations

  • listening to the sounds a student hears in the word, and writing letters to represent those sounds
  • identifying rhyme and syllables in spoken words
  • identifying and manipulating sounds (phonemes) in spoken words
  • identifying onset and rime in one-syllable spoken words

  VCELA168 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELY127

  Copy and write letters, symbols and numbers

  Elaborations

  • using letters (including letter-like symbols) when 'writing'
  • using a tripod grip to hold and handle writing implements
  • developing finger strength and endurance by holding and handling small objects and materials

  VCELY127 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Literacy

• VCJAU138

  Understand that hiragana symbols can be combined to represent words

  Elaborations

  • recognising that there are 19 distinct consonants in Japanese (k, g, s, sh, z, j, t, ch, ts, d, n, h, f, b, p, m, y, r, w) and five vowels (a, i, u, e, o)
  • understanding the system of basic Japanese sound combinations, that is, a vowel can be attached to most consonants to produce a kana
  • understanding that vowel length can differentiate words in Japanese, for example, ‘e’ (え) for a picture and ‘ee’ (ええ) for ‘yeah’
  • recognising the concept of the minimum unit of rhythm in Japanese (‘foot’ or フット) and that one foot in Japanese consists of two moras, for example, ごちそうさま is pronounced as a three-foot word ごち・そう・さま
  • demonstrating understanding of the differences in pronunciation of English and Japanese versions of loan words such as バナナ、ペット、サッカー

  VCJAU138 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCEALL606

  Use grapho-phonic knowledge to attempt to spell unknown words

  Elaborations

  • spelling frequently used words and one- and two-syllable words with common patterns with reasonable accuracy
  • using knowledge of letter–sound relationships and common letter groups to attempt to spell new words, for example, ‘ake’ for ‘ache’, ‘meen’ for ‘mean’, ‘wierd’ for ‘weird’
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists to check or confirm spelling

  VCEALL606 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA111

  Know that a letter can be the same but look different, including capital and lower-case letters, and match some letters with their sound and name

  Elaborations

  • recognising the individual letters of their name
  • experiencing the individual letters of the alphabet, their name letter and common sounds
  • identifying their name as starting with a capital letter

  VCELA111 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCIDU012

  Reproduce the sound and spelling of the vowels and the letters c (ch) and trilled r, and recognise that Indonesian is written using the Roman alphabet

  Elaborations

  • imitating Indonesian pronunciation, for example, vowels, trilled r, c (ch) and the unaspirated sounds p, t and k
  • noticing that statements, commands and questions have different intonations
  • experimenting with sounds and emphasis such as onomatopoeic words related to animal or human sounds, for example, meong or ngeong (meowing), cit-cit (tweeting), gong-gong (barking) and hacciihh (sneezing)

  VCIDU012 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCEALL645

  Read texts that contain compound and complex sentences of two or three clauses

  Elaborations

  • understanding compound sentences using common coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’) and complex sentences using subordinating conjunctions (such as ‘because’, ‘if’, ‘before’)

  VCEALL645 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCMMG064

  Use direct comparison to sort three dimensional objects and two dimensional shapes

  Elaborations

  • sorting shapes that are the ‘same’ or ‘different’
  • identifying, matching and sorting simple familiar two and three dimensional objects according to a single attribute
  • identifying familiar shapes hidden in a picture
  • investigating the inside and outside shape of an object
  • understanding the relationship between shape and template, for example, insert puzzle, inserting a shape in a matching shaped hole

  VCMMG064 | Mathematics | Level D | Measurement and Geometry | Shape

• VCMMG198

  Connect three-dimensional objects with their nets and other two-dimensional representations

  Elaborations

  • identifying the shape and relative position of each face of a solid to determine the net of the solid, including that of prisms and pyramids
  • representing two-dimensional shapes such as photographs, sketches and images created by digital technologies

  VCMMG198 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Measurement and Geometry | Shape

• VCMMG142

  Make models of three-dimensional objects and describe key features

  Elaborations

  • exploring the creation of three-dimensional objects, including prisms and pyramids, using origami

  VCMMG142 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Measurement and Geometry | Shape