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• VCMNA188

  Investigate strategies to solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with the same denominator

  Elaborations

  • modelling and solving addition and subtraction problems involving fractions by using jumps on a number line, or making diagrams of fractions as parts of shapes

  VCMNA188 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Fractions and decimals

• VC2M9ST03

  represent the distribution of multiple data sets for numerical variables using comparative representations such as back-to-back stem-and-leaf plots and histograms; describe data, using terms including ‘skewed’, ‘symmetric’ and ‘bi-modal’; compare data distributions using mean, median and range...

  Elaborations

  • describing the shape of the distribution of data using terms such as ‘positive skew’, ‘negative skew’, ‘symmetric’ and ‘bi-modal’
  • using stem-and-leaf plots to compare 2 like sets of data such as the heights of girls and the heights of boys in a class
  • constructing grouped histograms that show trends in health issues such as lung cancer, leukaemia, stroke and diabetes, and using the graph to justify, verify or invalidate claims
  • exploring comparative data presented in reports by the National Indigenous Australians Agency in regard to ‘Closing the Gap’, discussing the comparative distributions within the context of the data, for example, comparative data presented in the ‘Closing the Gap – Prime Minister’s Report’ 
  • comparing means, medians and ranges of 2 sets of numerical data that have been displayed using histograms, dot plots or stem-and-leaf plots

  VC2M9ST03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 9 | Statistics

• VCSSU057

  Living things can be grouped on the basis of observable features and can be distinguished from non-living things

  Elaborations

  • exploring differences between living, once living and products of living things
  • identifying variations in the features of plants, for example, colour and shape of leaves, or types of flowers
  • identifying variations in the features of animals, for example, body covering, ear shapes or number of legs

  VCSSU057 | Science | Levels 3 and 4 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCMNA041

  Use direct comparison to sort coins or notes into groups

  Elaborations

  • identify and group notes or coins that are ‘the same’
  • group coins based on a set criteria, for example size, colour, shape, coins, notes

  VCMNA041 | Mathematics | Level C | Number and Algebra | Money and financial mathematics

• VC2M5SP01

  connect objects to their nets and build objects from their nets using spatial and geometric reasoning

  Elaborations

  • designing and constructing exact nets for packaging particular-shaped items or collections of interest, taking into consideration how the faces will be joined and how the package will be opened
  • visualising folding some possible nets for a range of prisms and pyramids, predicting which will work and which cannot work, and justifying their choices, based on the number, size and position of particular shapes in each diagram
  • sketching nets for a range of prisms and pyramids considering the number, shape and placement of the faces, and testing by cutting and folding
  • investigating objects designed and developed by Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples, such as those used in fish traps and instructive toys, identifying the shape and relative position of each face to determine the net of the object

  VC2M5SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Space

• VCADAE021

  Use safe dance practice, fundamental locomotor and non-locomotor movements, body parts, bases and zones to explore, improvise and structure movement ideas for dance

  Elaborations

  • trialling ways of safely using the whole body and different body parts, bases and zones to communicate ideas, experiences and feelings, for example, making a rounded shape to explore ideas about enclosed spaces
  • exploring options for creating and extending movements, alone and then with a partner, for example, forming and changing shapes within space
  • using questions to explore ways of using forms and elements, for example, dancers consider how they can communicate an emotion or idea, how a shape can be varied, how two shapes can be combined
  • using stimulus materials to explore ideas for dance, for example, using percussion instruments or body percussion to explore how movements can be varied by performing them at different speeds, or identifying patterns in images and recreating the ideas through movement

  VCADAE021 | The Arts | Dance | Levels 1 and 2 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCELA227

  Use visual memory to write high-frequency words and words where spelling is not predictable from the sounds

  Elaborations

  • writing sight words (because, said) and other words that cannot be sounded out phonetically (bird, phone) by drawing on knowledge of letter patterns, word shape and possible sequencing of letters in English (for example, jam is possible but not jxm)

  VCELA227 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Writing | Language

• VCELY022

  Encounter a variety of objects and textures and hold objects for a short period of time

  Elaborations

  • experiencing objects with different textures, sizes, shapes and temperatures
  • experiencing and holding objects with varying characteristics, sizes, textures and densities
  • reacting to the sensory input of different objects
  • reaching, feeling and tapping objects
  • accepting materials for drawing

  VCELY022 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Writing | Literacy

• VCELY057

  Grasp and move objects within and between their hands

  Elaborations

  • imitating writing behaviour
  • drawing non-linear shapes and forms
  • making marks on paper
  • crossing the midline to handle and manipulate objects
  • manipulating objects by picking up, putting down, transferring and ‘posting’ objects of various sizes

  VCELY057 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Writing | Literacy

• VCHPEM065

  Participate in games with and without equipment

  Elaborations

  • participating in games that require students to be aware of personal safety and game boundaries
  • participating in games from other cultures
  • participating in games responding to stimuli, such as musical chairs, rhythm actions, alphabet shapes

  VCHPEM065 | Health and Physical Education | Foundation Level | Movement and Physical Activity | Moving the body

• VCMNA219

  Continue and create sequences involving whole numbers, fractions and decimals. Describe the rule used to create the sequence

  Elaborations

  • identifying and generalising number patterns
  • investigating additive and multiplicative patterns such as the number of tiles in a geometric pattern, or the number of dots or other shapes in successive repeats of a strip or border pattern looking for patterns in the way the numbers increase/decrease

  VCMNA219 | Mathematics | Level 6 | Number and Algebra | Patterns and algebra

• VCSSU131

  The interaction of magnets can be explained by a field model; magnets are used in the generation of electricity and the operation of motors

  Elaborations

  • investigating the action at a distance or the field model around magnets of different shapes
  • investigating the movement of a magnet and a wire to produce electricity
  • investigating the effect of a magnet on a current from a battery to produce movement

  VCSSU131 | Science | Levels 9 and 10 | Science Understanding | Physical sciences

• VCCCC007

  Describe the different cultural, religious and/or social groups to which they and others in the community may belong

  Elaborations

  • describe cultural, religious and/or social groups to which they and others in the community may belong and explain how belonging can shape personal identity
  • listing and comparing the different purposes, beliefs, traditions and symbols used by groups
  • recognising that the identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Australia is shaped by Country/Place, language and knowledge traditions

  VCCCC007 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Citizenship, Diversity and Identity

• VC2M6SP01

  compare the parallel cross-sections of objects and recognise their relationships to right prisms

  Elaborations

  • using objects made of foam or polystyrene, slicing along different cross-sections, and recording the different shapes of faces that result; and comparing cross-sections of different objects
  • using different pieces of fruit, slicing across different cross-sections, and drawing the cross-section; and reporting back to the class the results of the investigation
  • observing and drawing the shapes resulting from different ways of slicing through familiar objects; for example, slicing carrots at different angles or cutting through playdough models of objects; or using playdough models, fruit or similar to establish which objects can be cut in such a way that the cross-section will always be the same shape
  • understanding that right prisms are objects where parallel cross-sections perpendicular to the base of the prism are the same shape and size
  • connecting different right prisms to the shape of their parallel cross-sections, such as a triangular prism, which can be described as a stack of the same-sized triangles, and a cube or square prism, which can be described as a stack of the same-sized squares
  • investigating the design of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ dwellings, exploring the relationship between the cross-sections and the dwellings’ construction

  VC2M6SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 6 | Space

• VC2M5M04

  estimate, construct and measure angles in degrees, using appropriate tools, including a protractor, and relate these measures to angle names

  Elaborations

  • using a protractor to measure angles in degrees and classifying these angles using angle names; for example, an acute angle is less than 90°, an obtuse angle is more than 90° and less than 180°, a right angle is equal to 90° and a reflex angle is more than 180° and less than 360°
  • estimating the size of angles in the environment using a clinometer and describing the angles using angle names
  • using a ruler and protractor to construct triangles, given the angle measures and side lengths
  • using a protractor to measure angles when creating a pattern or string design within a circle
  • recognising the size of angles within shapes that do and do not tessellate, measuring the angles and using the sum of angles to explain why some shapes will tessellate and other shapes do not

  VC2M5M04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Measurement

• VCGGK123

  The causes and consequences of urban concentration and urban settlement patterns between Australia and the United States of America and reasons for these similarities and differences

  Elaborations

  • researching the causes of urban concentration in Australia and the United States of America. For example, the history of European settlement, migration, the export orientation of the economy, the centralisation of state governments, environmental constraints and the shape of transportation networks
  • applying the concept of place to explain why urbanisation produces different spatial outcomes in different countries

  VCGGK123 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Changing nations

• VCHHC070

  Identify and explain the causes and effects of European settlement and exploration

  Elaborations

  • finding historical information to determine the nature of colonial settlement, the effect of significant events and the role of individuals in shaping a colony
  • exploring different stories about contact experiences and early penal life to discover the thoughts or feelings of the people at that time, for example, convicts, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, convict guards and free settlers

  VCHHC070 | The Humanities | History | Levels 3 and 4 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Cause and effect

• VCHPEM084

  Incorporate elements of effort, space, time, objects and people in performing simple movement sequences

  Elaborations

  • comparing different types of movements and identifying which ones are easier and harder and why this might be the case
  • performing movements under, over, through and between objects, people and equipment
  • demonstrating how they can balance on different parts of the body and make different shapes

  VCHPEM084 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 1 and 2 | Movement and Physical Activity | Understanding movement

• VCHPEM101

  Combine the elements of effort, space, time, objects and people when performing movement sequences

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating acceleration and deceleration of movement in physical activities
  • discussing and demonstrating different levels, movement pathways, and use of space and flow in movement sequences
  • using the body to demonstrate an understanding of symmetry, shapes and angles when performing movement skills, balances or movement sequences

  VCHPEM101 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 3 and 4 | Movement and Physical Activity | Understanding movement

• VCMMG316

  Use the enlargement transformation to explain similarity and develop the conditions for triangles to be similar

  Elaborations

  • establishing the conditions for similarity of two triangles and comparing this to the conditions for congruence
  • using the properties of similarity and ratio, and correct mathematical notation and language, to solve problems involving enlargement. For example, scale diagrams
  • using the enlargement transformation to establish similarityunderstanding that similarity and congruence help describe relationships between geometrical shapes and are important elements of reasoning and proof

  VCMMG316 | Mathematics | Level 9 | Measurement and Geometry | Geometric reasoning