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• VCVIU035

  Explore how language and culture are interrelated and how they shape and are shaped by each other

  Elaborations

  • exploring how cultural concepts such as respect for the elderly and for authority influence Vietnamese language use, for example, not directly expressing disagreement when interacting with elderly people (Bạn nói không sai nhưng mà …, Con cũng thích cái áo này nhưng mà …), and addressing important people by their positions rather than their first names (thưa hiệu trưởng/giám đốc)
  • examining Vietnamese idioms (thành ngữ) and proverbs (tục ngữ) and recognising words that reflect both literal and figurative cultural understandings, for example, Lá lành đùm lá rách; Gần mực thì đen, gần đèn thì rạng/sáng
  • explaining cultural references in Vietnamese texts, including multimodal and digital texts, for example, mừng tuổi, xông đất, trầu cau
  • exploring how learning and using Vietnamese has impacted on own view of Vietnamese culture and other cultures, including the role of culture in respecting and sustaining environments

  VCVIU035 | Languages | Vietnamese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCZHU063

  Explain how the Chinese language adapts to social and technological changes

  Elaborations

  • enquiring into the use of internet language, including numerical representations of words (for example, 55555 = 呜呜他在哭) as a means of private communication among youth
  • exploring the use of mobile phones and the internet to replace old ways of communication, for example, texting or emailing New Year greetings instead of going to 拜年 in person
  • comparing features of correspondence and the circumstances in which some forms of correspondence are preferred, for example, why 贺节短信 is popular as a way to save time and money
  • exploring the ways in which new words and phrases are incorporated into everyday communication in Chinese, for example, how English expressions of emotion (去 happy 吧) are used in chat forums and text messaging, and how Pinyin abbreviations are used to replace characters (L P = 老婆)
  • examining how the adaptation of words reflects and encourages cultural change, for example, gender equality is reflected in the use of 妳 to address females and 他们 to include both men and women

  VCZHU063 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCAMAP031

  Plan, produce and present media artworks for specific audiences and purposes using responsible media practice

  Elaborations

  • designing a storyboard that reflects a key scene in a sequence, for example, an opening scene of a film that shows camera angles, transitions, edits, voice and soundtrack
  • designing a navigational plan for a game, using multiple levels and obstacles, for example, creating and designing problems to be solved in order to progress to a new level
  • creating a script for a radio production and documenting the appropriate permissions required for music and voice talents if it were to be aired on community radio
  • considering the ethical implications of using different cultural images, including those of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, in publishing media artworks, for example, when making and publishing cultural images in an artwork

  VCAMAP031 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 5 and 6 | Present and Perform

• VCAMAR038

  Analyse how technical and symbolic elements are used in media artworks to create representations influenced by genre and the values and viewpoints of particular audiences

  Elaborations

  • analysing stereotypes, looking at what features have either been omitted or exaggerated in a media artwork
  • investigating the use of character types in fictional representations in comedies, to see how selected features allow for quick communication
  • deconstructing a magazine cover explaining how each of its elements, for example, font, masthead and positioning of imagery, contribute to the overall reading
  • analysing a still image on the basis of photographic composition, image effects, and framing, and how they influence meaning, for example, images representing different cultural groups or ethnicities in Australian society, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples

  VCAMAR038 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 7 and 8 | Respond and Interpret

• VCAMUM026

  Use voice and instruments to sing, play and arrange music from different cultures, times and locations, and improvise and compose music in different forms

  Elaborations

  • practising singing and playing a range of music from different cultures, including cultures within their local community
  • experimenting with ways of singing and playing expressively, such as learning and practising a song with different dynamics and tempo or adding introductions, accompaniment patterns or movement
  • exploring given rhythm and pitch patterns, structures or timbres to improvise and create music and record the resulting compositions, for example, manually or with technology, using a combination of graphic and conventional notation
  • practising reading traditional and invented notation in music as they rehearse and perform
  • researching information to guide decisions about how the music should be performed, for example, why was this music written, who were the original performers, how can performers communicate the composer’s ideas?

  VCAMUM026 | The Arts | Music | Levels 3 and 4 | Music Practices

• VCARC176

  Explore a range of imaginative texts, analysing themes, values and techniques, and discussing how aspects of language and culture help create particular effects

  Elaborations

  • listening to, reading and viewing a range of imaginative texts, including digital, online or multimodal texts, such as short stories, films and poetry, identifying technical aspects and analysing elements of language that convey emotions and values
  • reading texts such as poems and short stories, analysing the main messages the author wishes to convey and discussing the values presented in the texts and connecting them to their own experiences
  • analysing and evaluating the lyrics of contemporary Arabic songs, identifying themes, messages and cultural aspects expressed through language
  • discussing how texts such as short films or video clips portray social issues such as relationships, wealth and poverty and cultural change, and values such as honesty and equality

  VCARC176 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCARC164

  Reflect on how and why being a speaker of Arabic contributes to their sense of identity and, for a background speakers, is an important part of their Arabic cultural heritage

  Elaborations

  • discussing how being bilingual allows them to present ‘self’ to others in particular ways, for example, as ‘Arabic’ or ‘Lebanese’/‘Egyptian’/‘Iraqi’, and recognising that identity includes culture as well as language
  • reflecting on the role of language in expressing identity, considering when, with whom and why different languages are used, and reflecting on whether their own identity changes when they use different languages
  • expressing to others how Arabic is part of their identity, reflecting on when, how and why they use Arabic
  • sharing views of what their Arabic culture ‘is’, discussing what elements of culture they accept or reject, and exploring how culture relates to language, identity and experience, using statements such as ‘My culture is …’, ‘Culture can …’

  VCARC164 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCARU165

  Understand and apply rules of intonation and pronunciation in spoken texts, and apply writing conventions with increased accuracy in written texts

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Arabic sentences can be separated by commas and that a paragraph may only have one full stop at the end
  • understanding that the marks used in the Arabic script such as التنوين؛ الشدة ؛المدة influence pronunciation and meaning in words and sentences, for example, أمل /آمال؛ دعوة/دعوى
  • using the rhythms of the Arabic language, including intonation, tone and stress, to increase fluency and enhance expression
  • applying spacing rules between words and using their knowledge of writing conventions to expand on ideas when writing short texts
  • making choices in relation to the use of punctuation such as (؛) and adjusting the flow of ideas by enhancing text cohesion and expression

  VCARU165 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC099

  Create different types of bilingual texts to support their classroom learning

  Elaborations

  • using images of Auslan signs and equivalent words in English to name and label familiar objects, classroom items or school resources, using posters and digital glossaries with captions
  • developing a handshape dictionary using palm cards or digital means, including equivalent English terms
  • using photos of family members to create a family tree or chart, captioning and labelling in English each family member with corresponding images of Auslan signs
  • creating bilingual texts for younger children, such as a mini Auslan–English dictionary of school-specific signs
  • making their own bilingual dictionaries with English labels, Auslan sign images and simple descriptions of signs, identifying and categorising signs according to handshape

  VCASFC099 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCAVAE025

  Explore ideas and artworks from different cultures and times as inspiration to create visual artworks

  Elaborations

  • researching artworks of different styles and artists from different times and cultures, to inspire their own expression of ideas, for example, in forms such as printmaking and drawing, and styles such as realism or expressionism
  • discussing the role of the artist and artworks as an expression of society and culture, for example, discussing the role of artworks from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the stories they tell
  • exploring ways to express their ideas using visual conventions from different historical, social or cultural contexts
  • experimenting with visual conventions and styles from different cultures to create particular visual effects in their artworks
  • identifying and explaining choices in art making, for example, including forms, styles and visual conventions in their artworks, and the influences of other artists on their artworks

  VCAVAE025 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 3 and 4 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVAV043

  Conceptualise, plan and design art works that express ideas, concepts and artistic intentions

  Elaborations

  • analysing and documenting the practices of selected visual artists and designers, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artists, to investigate their use of materials, technologies, techniques and processes, when developing their intentions
  • developing an individual focus for a series of artworks based on a given theme, concept or subject matter
  • developing different options for making artworks in different forms, that have similar concepts, for example, artworks made from different materials or produced in a different form to change the meaning of the artwork
  • applying their understanding of traditional art, craft and design practices to plan the use of materials, technologies and processes in a contemporary context
  • planning, manipulating and/or appropriating images, objects and spaces into new contexts and meanings, applying a personal aesthetic

  VCAVAV043 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 9 and 10 | Visual Arts Practices

• VCDEC122

  Participate in everyday classroom activities, responding to questions, instructions and requests, asking for clarification or assistance and making simple statements about own and others’ learning

  Elaborations

  • asking and responding to questions related to a learning activity or lesson, for example, Wie bitte? Ich verstehe das nicht. Welche Seite? Wie sagt man das auf Deutsch? Wie spät ist es? Bist du fertig?
  • apologising, making polite requests (including attracting attention), and asking for assistance and permission, for example, Tut mir Leid! Entschuldigung, Frau Lenz! Hilfe, bitte!; Darf ich bitte auf dieToilette gehen?
  • commenting on own and others’ learning, for example, Super! Tolle Arbeit! Gut gemacht!

  VCDEC122 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEC026

  Create bilingual texts such as captions, glossaries or footnotes to interpret cultural and linguistic aspects of texts

  Elaborations

  • providing bilingual captions for images of scenes from Australia and German-speaking countries to explain cultural aspects, for example, bush, forest, mountain, beach or city images
  • creating websites or printed guides for international students intending to attend Australian schools, highlighting key terms and expressions associated with traditions, curricula, schedules or routines, and including footnotes as necessary
  • providing vocabulary lists and annotated cultural explanations for German-speaking visitors to events such as Australian sports days, swimming carnivals or family barbecues, explaining terms such as ‘BYO (food/chair)’
  • creating English captions, commentaries or subtitles for German multimodal texts to explain cultural and linguistic aspects

  VCDEC026 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDEU014

  Recognise and use structures and other textual features of common spoken, written and multimodal texts such as invitations, emails, surveys, advertisements and music video clips

  Elaborations

  • identifying and analysing the purpose, intended audience and key features of familiar texts in German, such as signs, instructions, postcards, advertisements, songs and conversations, and comparing these with texts in own language and culture
  • examining how texts are constructed, including textual features (greetings in correspondence), grammatical structures such as parts of speech (adjectives and prepositions), and visual cues (images in brochures)
  • transforming a simple text such as a short poem into another text type, such as a conversation or a cartoon, and applying the key features of the second text type
  • understanding how to create textual cohesion by using elements such as coordinating conjunctions (und, aber, oder) to link ideas

  VCDEU014 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU152

  Understand why language is important and recognise that languages and cultures change over time and influence one another

  Elaborations

  • exploring the function of language in social and educational life, for example, listing and discussing how, where and why they use language in the course of a day
  • discovering some of the English words used by German speakers (das Internet, die App, Stopp!, Sorry!) and considering if they are the same kinds of words as those borrowed from German by English
  • understanding that German, like all languages, is constantly expanding to include new words and expressions in response to changing intercultural experiences, for example, Fast Food, Fairness

  VCDEU152 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDSCD039

  Generate, develop, communicate and document design ideas and processes for audiences using appropriate technical terms and graphical representation techniques

  Elaborations

  • generating a range of design ideas for products, services or environments using prior knowledge, skills and research
  • developing alternative design ideas and considering implications for the future to broaden the appeal and acceptance of design ideas
  • analysing and modifying design ideas to enhance and improve the sustainability of a product, service, environment or system
  • representing and communicating design ideas using modelling and drawing standards including the use of digital technologies, for example scale; symbols and codes in diagrams; pictorial maps and aerial views using web mapping service applications
  • experimenting with materials, tools and equipment to refine design ideas, for example considering the selection of materials and joining techniques to suit the purpose of a product

  VCDSCD039 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Creating Designed Solutions | Generating

• VCDSTC025

  Investigate food and fibre production used in modern or traditional societies

  Elaborations

  • exploring tools, equipment and procedures to improve plant and animal production, for example when growing vegetables in the school garden and producing plant and animal environments such as a greenhouse, animal housing, safe bird shelters
  • identifying and describing the areas in Australia and Asia where major food or fibre plants and animals are grown or bred, for example the wheat and sheep belts, areas where sugar cane or rice are grown, northern Australia’s beef industry, plantation and native forest areas
  • describing ideal conditions for successful plant and animal production including how climate and soils affect production and availability of foods, for example Aboriginal seasons and food availability

  VCDSTC025 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Technologies Contexts | Food and fibre production

• VCDSTC047

  Analyse how characteristics and properties of food determine preparation techniques and presentation when creating solutions for healthy eating

  Elaborations

  • examining the relationship between food preparation techniques and the impact on nutrient value, for example steaming or frying vegetables
  • investigating how a recipe can be modified to enhance nutrient benefits, and justifying decisions, for example by replacing animal fats with vegetable fats
  • analysing food preparation techniques used in different cultures including those from the Asia region and the impact of these on nutrient retention, aesthetics, taste and palatability, for example stir-frying or steaming
  • explaining how food preparation techniques impact on the sensory properties (flavour, appearance, texture, aroma) of food, for example the browning of cut fruit, the absorption of water when cooking rice

  VCDSTC047 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Technologies Contexts | Food specialisations

• VCDTCD017

  Follow, describe and represent a sequence of steps and decisions (algorithms) needed to solve simple problems

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with very simple, step-by-step procedures to explore programmable devices, for example providing instructions to physical or virtual objects or robotic devices to move in an intended manner
  • jointly writing and entering a simple set of instructions to sequence events and actions, for example scanning personal photographs and collating and ordering significant personal events or milestones and describing the steps involved in the process
  • presenting a sequence of instructions or events in a series of slides or screens with text and pictures
  • recognising sequences of instructions or events that are commonly experienced such as the sequence of traffic lights, or how their lunch order is taken and delivered
  • following a series of instructions to use a piece of hardware or software, for example taking a photograph, editing and storing it to include in a slow motion

  VCDTCD017 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCDTDI020

  Recognise different types of data and explore how the same data can be represented in different ways

  Elaborations

  • recognising that numbers, text, images, sounds, animations and videos are all forms of data when stored or viewed using a digital system
  • using a table to reorganise information that includes sentences, and/or words, and/or numbers and/or images
  • recognising representations of different types of data such as waves for sound
  • exploring codes and symbols that are representations of data, for example morse code and semaphore and how similar symbols in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander art can represent different concepts depending on the context, for example three circles, drawn as lines, can represent ants, fruit, flowers or eggs depending on the art region

  VCDTDI020 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Data and Information