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• VCECU015

  Investigate why ethical principles may differ between people and groups, considering the influence of cultural norms, religion, world views and philosophical thought

  Elaborations

  • researching contemporary or historically significant people across a range of cultures and identifying and comparing the principles evident in the decision-making and actions of, for example, William Barak, Nelson Mandela, Malala Yousafzai, Aung San Suu Kyi
  • exploring a cultural norm concerning, for example, the importance of winning, maximizing profit or teamwork, and how this may influence a decision about where duties lie or what is the best outcome
  • investigating instances where individual action differed from the wider group, and the reasons for these differences, for example, in response to discrimination, corruption or bullying

  VCECU015 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding Concepts

• VCECU010

  Discuss how ethical principles can be used as the basis for action, considering the influence of cultural norms, religion, world views and philosophical thought on these principles

  Elaborations

  • investigating some common ethical principles, for example, ‘always treat people as ends not means’ (philosopher Immanuel Kant), and ‘actions are right in proportion to whether they promote happiness’ (philosopher John Stuart Mill), and comparing how they might be applied to a particular situation, for example, whether to participate in a fund raising event.
  • examining basic tenets of major world religions and non-religious worldviews and how they form the basis of a particular principle/s, such as ‘treat others as you would want to be treated’ (the Golden Rule)
  • investigating differing cultural norms concerning the importance of the individual relative to the family or wider community and how this may influence views on loyalty, obligation and responsibility and in turn views on guiding ethical principles

  VCECU010 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding Concepts

• VCECU020

  Explore a range of ethical problems and examine the extent to which different positions are related to commonly held ethical concepts and principles, considering the influence of cultural norms, religion, world views and philosophical thought

  Elaborations

  • identifying and discriminating the ethical concepts and principles raised by people or groups in a globally significant debate such as responses to people movements, poverty or climate change
  • identifying and analysing why members of the same religious tradition may hold different views, for example, on capital punishment

  VCECU020 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding Concepts

• Capabilities | Ethical Capability: Learning in Ethical Capability

  The Ethical capability curriculum focuses on the conceptual and analytical skills necessary for informed deliberation on ethical issues. This curriculum enables students to identify the assumptions and implications of different ethical positions, recognising the areas of contestability within...

  Overview material | Ethical Capability

• VCPSCSO020

  Examine the similarities and differences between individuals and groups based on factors such as sex, age, ability, language, culture and religion

  Elaborations

  • surveying the class and use data to present a diagram to explore similarities and differences, such as the cultural background of students
  • describing the person beside you and identifying one thing which is the same and one thing that is different
  • describing the similarities and differences between people of different ages, such as babies, teenagers, parents and grandparents

  VCPSCSO020 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 3 and 4 | Social Awareness and Management | Relationships and diversity

• Critical and Creative Thinking: Level B achievement standards

  By the end of Level B, students use their senses and cause and effect to explore and understand the world around them. Students generate ideas based on their experiences and make choices in structured situations.

  Students begin to become aware of their own point of view through their emotions...

  Level description | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level B

• VCCCTQ055

  React to the world around them

  Elaborations

  • exposed to information through the sensory exploration of objects and beginning to identify this information by reacting to the sensory elements of objects
  • using sensory awareness to react to the world around them
  • experiencing different reactions through everyday experiences
  • experiencing and developing some consistency in their reactions to everyday experiences, objects and people

  VCCCTQ055 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level A | Questions and Possibilities

• VCCCTM060

  Experience the world and react using emotions

  Elaborations

  • reacting to the sensory feedback of elements within the world
  • reacting to internal sensations they experience within their own body
  • beginning to link internal symptoms being addressed through a specific want or need, for example drink, food

  VCCCTM060 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level A | Meta-Cognition

• VCCCTQ063

  Explore questions about the world around them

  Elaborations

  • experiencing the sensory characteristics of familiar objects and exploring what is the same and different
  • actively exploring objects and materials in a wide variety of familiar contexts and structured environments
  • exploring the answer to questions related to their feelings and preferences in structured experiences and situations
  • answering questions by making choices and experiencing the consequences

  VCCCTQ063 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level B | Questions and Possibilities

• Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability: Learning in Personal and Social Capability

  The Personal and Social capability focuses on the recognition and expression of emotions, the development of resilience, and the appreciation of diversity of gender, age, language, culture and religion. Students explore the importance of a range of social relationships, including within families...

  Overview material | Personal and Social Capability

• VCCCTR006

  Consider how reasons and examples are used to support a point of view and illustrate meaning

  Elaborations

  • comparing a reason supported by an example and one without an example to show how examples help to clarify meaning
  • identifying how curiosity about the past compared to the present, can lead to seeking reasons and supporting examples
  • investigating how reasons can assist in decision-making between alternatives, for example discussing preferences for different data displays and how giving reasons for preferences assists with the final decision

  VCCCTR006 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Reasoning

• VCCCTR015

  Investigate why and when the consequences of a point of view should be considered

  Elaborations

  • discussing consequences of different alternatives and why doing this is useful, for example, to enable a plan to minimise negative impacts on people or the environment
  • considering when consequences of actions might need to be explicitly deliberated, for example when actions affect more than one group or individual; or, could involve risk or harm; or, are aimed at achieving a specific goal or design solution
  • distinguishing between good and bad consequences from different points of view

  VCCCTR015 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 3 and 4 | Reasoning

• VCCCTR014

  Distinguish between main and peripheral ideas in own and others information and points of view

  Elaborations

  • annotating an argument with different colours or using a concept map to show the most important and less important information and explaining their annotations to others
  • experimenting with arguments by changing the order of ideas and discussing effectiveness
  • creating a bumper sticker or headline to show the main idea in a point of view
  • comparing different responses to identify main ideas and information, for example on why people participate in community activities

  VCCCTR014 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 3 and 4 | Reasoning

• VCCCTR086

  Use examples and past experience to illustrate understanding and point of view

  Elaborations

  • drawing conclusions and designing a course of action by acting out and identifying alternatives with teacher support
  • evaluating procedures and outcomes by investigating whether their work sounds and works right or makes sense with teacher support
  • identifying the main ideas and concepts developed as the result activity or investigation

  VCCCTR086 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level D | Reasoning

• VCCCTR037

  Investigate when counter examples might be used in expressing a point of view

  Elaborations

  • discussing whether exceptions to a rule affect its strength, for example in testing technological solutions and considering the number of times the solution failed and how it failed
  • identifying reasons for seeking counter examples in evaluating arguments, for example to mitigate confirmation bias, or to identify the limits of a claim

  VCCCTR037 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Reasoning

• VCICCD019

  Identify and analyse the challenges and benefits of living and working in an interconnected and culturally diverse world

  Elaborations

  • creating a portfolio of job advertisements that seek to recruit candidates that can speak a second language or for overseas positions, for example, from the Australian Volunteers for International Development website, and prompt students to identify complementary intercultural skills necessary for these roles
  • evaluating how cross-cultural or intercultural events may help to foster inclusiveness or contribute to division, for example, meetings of the United Nations, international sporting events or trade deals, and relationships between developed and developing nations
  • holding a student-led discussion exploring a complex intercultural topic, such as food security or an international diplomatic issue, and identify the key issues or events and the people and perspectives involved
  • comparing or tracking changing information on the Australian Government’s Smart Traveller website in response to a significant real-time event, such as the Zika virus outbreak or a volcanic eruption
  • exploring the aims of UNESCO, and investigate and discuss the notion of World Heritage Sites, such as the criteria used to confer the status

  VCICCD019 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Cultural Diversity

• VCCCTR026

  Consider when analogies might be used in expressing a point of view and how they should be expressed and evaluated

  Elaborations

  • considering a range of sample analogies and discussing possible sources for analogies, for example, personal experience
  • examining the form of an argument by analogy and constructing examples, for example ‘just as a machine goes rusty and stiffens if the parts don’t move, people’s bodies also need to move’ as part of a promotion strategy for exercise
  • discussing the strength of an analogy by examining whether there is good reason to think that a particular characteristic is shared, for example that people’s bodies share an adequate degree of similarity with machines in an analogy about the need to keep machines maintained and exercise

  VCCCTR026 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Reasoning

• VCCCTR013

  Examine and use the structure of a basic argument, with an aim, reasons and conclusion to present a point of view

  Elaborations

  • drawing the structure of a basic argument using digital and non-digital technologies
  • dropping and dragging jumbled sentences from an argument into order and explaining and comparing different orderings using digital technologies or hard copy cards
  • providing a prompt and sentence starters to structure arguments for and against a claim, for example that “Ignoring teasing is the best response”

  VCCCTR013 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 3 and 4 | Reasoning

• VCNRC040

  Listen to, read and view imaginative texts and respond by expressing feelings and opinions about the storyline, themes and characters

  Elaborations

  • responding to stories, myths, fables and films, using modelled language to describe themes, characters and actions
  • producing storyboards to represent key events in different types of imaginative texts, including captions or word bubbles to capture moods or feelings
  • introducing and comparing favourite characters in stories, myths, fables and films, listing associated key words or expressions
  • commenting on elements of humour and drama, and the use of sound effects and facial expressions relating to the characters depicted in stories, myths and fables

  VCNRC040 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCNRC071

  Participate in and sustain classroom interactions by elaborating on opinions and ideas and discussing the opinions and views of others

  Elaborations

  • participating in class discussions on topics of interest to young people
  • interacting with peers to manage shared learning experiences, considering and commenting on the contributions and views of others
  • comparing experiences and challenges in shared activities, and expressing own opinions such as agreement or disagreement with others
  • managing interactions with peers in class activities such as games or events, by taking turns or different roles, giving encouragement and praise

  VCNRC071 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising