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• VCELA457

  Understand that people’s evaluations of texts are influenced by their value systems, the context and the purpose and mode of communication

  Elaborations

  • considering whether ethical judgments of good, bad, right or wrong are absolute or relative through consideration of texts with varying points of view and through discussion with others
  • interpreting texts by drawing on knowledge of the historical context in which texts were created

  VCELA457 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELT343

  Identify, describe, and discuss similarities and differences between texts, including those by the same author or illustrator, and evaluate characteristics that define an author’s individual style

  Elaborations

  • exploring two or more texts by the same author, drawing out the similarities, for example subject or theme, characterisation, text structure, plot development, tone, vocabulary, sense of voice, narrative point of view, favoured grammatical structures and visual techniques in sophisticated picture books

  VCELT343 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELT393

  Identify and explore ideas and viewpoints about events, issues and characters represented in texts drawn from different historical, social and cultural contexts

  Elaborations

  • building knowledge, understanding and skills in relation to the history, culture, and literary heritage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • identifying and explaining differences between points of view in texts, for example contrasting the city and the bush or different perspectives based on culture, gender or age

  VCELT393 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Speaking and Listening | Literature

• VCELT419

  Create literary texts that draw upon text structures and language features of other texts for particular purposes and effects

  Elaborations

  • creating literary interpretations of short stories based on understanding and analysis of their context, narrative structure (including the twist at the end), layers of meaning, themes, point of view and style
  • combining visual and digital elements to create layers of meaning for serious and humorous purposes

  VCELT419 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Writing | Literature

• VCELY357

  Compare texts including media texts that represent ideas and events in different ways, explaining the effects of the different approaches

  Elaborations

  • identifying and exploring news reports of the same event, and discuss the language choices and point of view of the writers
  • using display advertising as a topic vehicle for close analysis of the ways images and words combine for deliberate effect including examples from the countries of Asia (for example comparing Hollywood film posters with Indian Bollywood film posters)

  VCELY357 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Writing | Literacy

• VCELY426

  Interpret the stated and implied meanings in spoken texts, and use interaction skills including voice and language conventions to discuss evidence that supports or challenges different perspectives

  Elaborations

  • listen to a conversation or speech and identify the point being made and explain the tone and manner of presentation. Change the focus of the conversation or speech and identify how meaning has changed
  • change the tone in which the speech or conversation is presented and discuss how interpretations can also change.

  VCELY426 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Speaking and Listening | Literacy

• VCEALC087

  Understand key information in a short spoken or multimodal text

  Elaborations

  • identifying familiar words used in a spoken text, such as basic vocabulary, animal names, colours
  • understanding common sentence structures that make connections between ideas, for example ‘I like pets and having fun’
  • using questions to help identify relevant items of information, for example Student 1: ‘What colour was it?’ Student 2: ‘It was blue’
  • pointing to parts of pictures that are mentioned in the text or conversation
  • identifying key points of information from short spoken texts with reduced visual support
  • understanding key information after viewing digital and multimodal texts, such as age-appropriate television shows or movies
  • listening to a story and then retelling or sequencing the story using pictures

  VCEALC087 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCELT315

  Recognise that ideas in literary texts can be conveyed from different viewpoints, which can lead to different kinds of interpretations and responses

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement
  • examining texts written from different narrative points of view and discussing what information the audience can access, how this impacts on the audience’s sympathies, and why an author might choose a particular narrative point of view
  • examining the narrative voice in texts from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander traditions, which include perspectives of animals and spirits, about how we should care for the Earth, for example reflecting on how this affects significance, interpretation and response

  VCELT315 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCEALA067

  Use some home language words and words copied from various sources

  Elaborations

  • copying words from classroom resources such as labels, signs, word lists
  • writing in home language script or transliterating the sound of a home language word in English letters when the English word is unknown
  • asking home language peers or the teacher for the English translation and spelling of a home language word
  • explaining the meaning of a home language word when asked, for example by pointing, drawing, using known language

  VCEALA067 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA465

  Follow a simple writing process, including planning, drafting and revision

  Elaborations

  • talking to language peers in home language or English to generate and refine ideas before writing
  • recording structured notes or a plan in home language and/or English before writing, for example writing dot points under headings or filling in a planning template
  • revising writing using a range of resources, such as feedback from peers and teacher, model texts and checklists

  VCEALA465 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC084

  Respond appropriately in a range of common social and classroom situations

  Elaborations

  • responding with short extended responses including answering questions, adding to other speakers’ points, giving personal opinions
  • expressing ideas, humour and simple opinions, and describing feelings, for example ‘I am very happy’
  • giving a short presentation to a group on a familiar topic, such as sharing or recounting a personal experience
  • borrowing key topic words and question structures to help formulate responses

  VCEALC084 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC003

  Negotiate simple social or learning activities

  Elaborations

  • observing peers and copying actions in response to instructions or in classroom activities
  • asking for attention or assistance from the teacher or a friend by asking directly, using intonation to signal requests or indicating non-understanding through speech or body language
  • understanding common vocabulary related to needs (such as ‘toilet’, ‘pencil’, ‘stop’) and constructing simple phrases with this vocabulary (such as ‘Go toilet?’, ‘This my pencil’, ‘Stop that!’)
  • using picture cards, classroom charts and objects to support communication, for example pointing to a picture

  VCEALC003 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALL111

  Employ communicative strategies to enhance meaning

  Elaborations

  • developing accurate pronunciation and fluency based on modelling in a range of familiar interactions using personal language and classroom language
  • using stress or intonation appropriately in common utterances, for example using rising intonation when asking questions, stressing key words in short utterances
  • expressing emotions through intonation, for example surprise, frustration
  • using body language, facial expression and gesture to enhance the meaning of speech, for example nodding, pointing

  VCEALL111 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL046

  Recognise familiar words and phrases

  Elaborations

  • recognising and reading personally significant words, such as own name on charts, book labels and name tags
  • locating and pointing to familiar words or phrases when prompted, for example ‘This book is about frogs. Where can you see the word “frog”?’
  • reading aloud words and phrases from familiar texts
  • recognising common words and phrases from familiar charts, labels, books
  • recognising labels for frequently accessed classroom items, for example ‘books’, ‘recycling’
  • following instructions on simple signs such as ‘Stop’, ‘Line up here’

  VCEALL046 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA339

  Understand how authors often innovate on text structures and play with language features to achieve particular aesthetic, humorous and persuasive purposes and effects

  Elaborations

  • exploring a range of everyday, community, literary and informative texts discussing elements of text structure and language features and comparing the overall structure and effect of authors’ choices in two or more texts
  • examining different works by an author who specialises in humour or pathos to identify strategies such as exaggeration and character embarrassment to amuse and to offer insights into characters’ feelings, so building empathy with their points of view and concern for their welfare

  VCELA339 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA402

  Investigate how visual and multimodal texts allude to or draw on other texts or images to enhance and layer meaning

  Elaborations

  • comprehending a series of static images and combinations of language and images in a picture book, for example title, setting, characters, actions, as well as technical elements including position, size, colour, angle, framing, point of view
  • analysing the relationship between visual elements and text in non-fiction texts such as documentaries, television news, online newspapers and digital magazines

  VCELA402 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA059

  Use sounds, gestures, images and facial expressions to communicate

  Elaborations

  • responding to their name and the names of familiar people
  • responding consistently to familiar contexts including people, places and objects
  • showing an understanding that sound and action convey meaning
  • contributing to small group discussions by sharing a favourite toy
  • gaining and directing attention, such as turning attention toward the person who is communicating
  • recognising some of the sounds, gestures and facial features of familiar people and contexts
  • reproducing part of a short message by pointing and/or using objects or pictures

  VCELA059 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELT284

  Discuss how authors and illustrators make stories exciting, moving and absorbing and hold readers’ interest by using various techniques

  Elaborations

  • examining the author’s description of a character’s appearance, behaviour and speech and noting how the character’s development is evident through his or her dialogue and changing relationships and the reactions of other characters to him or her
  • identifying pivotal points in the plot where characters are faced with choices and commenting on how the author makes us care about their decisions and consequences

  VCELT284 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELT327

  Create literary texts that experiment with structures, ideas and stylistic features of selected authors

  Elaborations

  • drawing upon fiction elements in a range of model texts - for example main idea, characterisation, setting (time and place), narrative point of view; and devices, for example figurative language (simile, metaphor, personification), as well as non-verbal conventions in digital and screen texts - in order to experiment with new, creative ways of communicating ideas, experiences and stories in literary texts

  VCELT327 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Literature

• VCELY222

  Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning and begin to analyse texts by drawing on growing knowledge of context, language and visual features and print and multimodal text structures

  Elaborations

  • making connections between the text and students’ own experiences and experiences with other texts, comparing authors’ differing point of view on a topic
  • making connections between information in print and images
  • building on and using prior knowledge and vocabulary
  • making valid inferences using information in a text and students’ own prior knowledge
  • predicting, asking and answering questions as they read, and summarising and reviewing meaning

  VCELY222 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy