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• VCLVU173

  Understand how the language has been recorded in the past, and how this affects language building processes

  Elaborations

  • understanding how the language was recorded in the past, by whom and for what purposes
  • understanding the techniques of how the language was recorded in the past, what this means to the language and how it has affected current representation of the language
  • understanding reasons for different spellings of words within the language, for example, how sounds may have been misheard, meanings been misunderstood and other unintentional errors introduced in the documentation process of the language
  • understanding how language resources such as living speakers, recorded texts and archival information are used in the language building process
  • identifying gaps in the vocabulary of the language, considering what responses may be necessary
  • helping to build a community of learners–speakers who use the language, for example, by teaching younger members of the school community and/or classes in local primary schools

  VCLVU173 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCTRC079

  Reflect on the relationship between language, culture and identity and on how this shapes and reflects ways of thinking and communicating

  Elaborations

  • considering how languages carry cultural meanings that may not always be understood by speakers of other languages
  • discussing whether being bilingual or multilingual allows for a more flexible sense of identity in ways that involve culture as well as language
  • exploring how ways of thinking, communicating and behaving reflect cultural identity, for example, by noticing when they identify more as Turkish or Australian, and how these shifts vary according to context and situation
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using their home language in school, considering whether it impacts on their relationship with the language or on their sense of ‘balance’ in terms of identifying with different languages
  • creating a multimedia self-profile that captures elements of the experience of living across languages, communities and cultural traditions
  • comparing their responses to particular media representations of cultural difference or diversity
  • reflecting on how speakers of more than one language draw on a wider range of linguistic and cultural resources to make meaning of experience and to communicate with others

  VCTRC079 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCTRC027

  Notice and describe differences and similarities in ways of using language and interacting with people when communicating in Turkish and in English

  Elaborations

  • explaining to each other why they prefer to use either Turkish or English in particular situations or with particular people
  • noticing similarities and differences in how they use Turkish in different contexts such as at home and in the classroom, for example, using less/more formal language
  • comparing how people speak or refer to other people in Turkish and English, such as to older relatives, classmates or teachers, for example, abla, ağabey, amca, teyze, öğretmenim
  • identifying Australian English terms and expressions that might be difficult to understand for newly arrived Turkish migrants, for example, ‘bushwalking’, ‘Good on you!’
  • comparing their impressions of aspects of children’s lives in different Turkish-speaking regions as represented in video clips, television programs and stories, for example, ways of playing games, preparing and eating food, telling stories or interacting at school, home or in the community

  VCTRC027 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCZHU190

  Explain how gender, social class and age affect language use in formal and informal contexts

  Elaborations

  • exploring different levels of formality involving a range pf settings and participants
  • viewing a variety of blogs and comparing language use in order to hypothesise about the age and gender of the authors
  • comparing informal interactions such as live interviews with studio discussions about an issue on news and current affairs programs
  • considering the impact of using formal language in establishing one’s authority or to display knowledge on a topic
  • reading extracts of 古典小说, such as 《水浒传》, and noticing how language use differs from contemporary speech, for example, 史进道： 小人大胆， 敢问官人高姓大名？ 那人道：洒家是经略府提辖， 姓鲁， 讳个达字。 敢问阿哥，你姓什么？
  • converting informal spoken language into formal register to suit particular purposes, and experimenting with terms such as 明文规定 and 众所周知

  VCZHU190 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCZHU241

  Analyse features of classical literature in their original and contemporary forms, and apply features of 文言文 and 古文 in their own language use, identifying rules of intonation in classical poems and the impact of these rules on modern poetry

  Elaborations

  • exploring symbolism in classical literature and in modern pop culture, such as the connotations of key terms such as 凤凰
  • discussing the revival of the study of traditional texts (国学) and the reasons for such interest in the past
  • considering the role technology plays in their own lives and how it impacts on the ways they communicate with others and use language to convey ideas
  • identifying examples of internet language and discussing how these shape or impact their own language use, for example, 囧 、 槑 、 烎
  • comparing ‘internet novel’ (网络小说) with contemporary 小说 and identifying the impact of the internet in popularising and increasing access to Chinese literature

  VCZHU241 | Languages | Chinese | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC005

  Use spoken, written and multimodal forms of presentation to convey information on selected topics of interest

  Elaborations

  • creating texts relating to own experiences, for example, Easter celebrations, using appropriate and related greetings, Καλό Πάσχα, Χριστός Ανέστη
  • describing aspects of life in Australia for an audience in Greece or Cyprus, such as a teenage birthday party
  • presenting information in different formats for different audiences, for example, writing an email to a pen pal in Greece or Cyprus, introducing a new student to the class
  • reporting on events in their school life, personal world and immediate environment, for example, in a diary entry
  • using different modes of presentation to profile significant events, people or places related to Greek-speaking communities, for example, a flyer about a community event, a digital presentation on a favourite musician

  VCELC005 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELU187

  Understand that language, culture and communication are interrelated and shaped by each other, and recognise how this impacts on attitudes and beliefs

  Elaborations

  • collecting examples of Greek in the local landscape, for example, in particular parts of the city such as marketplaces, exhibitions or cultural events, and discussing the influence and significance of Greek language and culture on the sustainability of communities in Australia today
  • reflecting on the impact of Greek migration on many other languages and cultures, for example, by conducting a classroom project on Greek ideas which have shaped and influenced the world
  • recognising the importance of learning and using different languages to access the cultural practices, values and beliefs of others
  • analysing and describing how language use and culture are interrelated and reflect and shape relationships, practices and attitudes across Greek-speaking communities

  VCELU187 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCESC025

  Express creative ideas and imagined experiences that relate to the cultures of Spanish-speaking communities using a variety of texts

  Elaborations

  • reinterpreting familiar stories or fictional characters, referencing cultural characteristics while creating new situations or different effects, for example, incorporating alternative text into popular cartoons such as Mafalda
  • composing adapted or simplified versions of classic stories such as Caperucita Verde or Los doce enanos for a younger audience
  • composing performance texts such as skits, raps or poems to amuse, entertain and engage other learners of Spanish
  • creating a video clip or digital story involving imaginary persona or avatar in a Spanish-speaking fantasy world, incorporating communicative styles and behaviours observed in texts from Spanish-speaking contexts

  VCESC025 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCESC023

  Organise and present critical perspectives on information obtained from different sources to a variety of audiences

  Elaborations

  • researching, presenting and taking a position on questions relating to contemporary topics such as Los efectos de las redes sociales en la vida de los jóvenes
  • producing a brochure to identify aspects of their city/town/region likely to be of interest to Spanish-speaking visitors of the same age
  • presenting a personal or shared perspective on topics such as fashion, music, cinema or social media, using formats such as displays, online posts or oral presentations to provide critical or explanatory commentary
  • researching and presenting information about social and environmental issues affecting Spanish-speaking regions of the world, for example, consecuencias de la deforestación en el Amazonas

  VCESC023 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCIDC035

  Interact with peers to describe aspects of daily life, school, friends and pastimes

  Elaborations

  • giving opinions about aspects of personal world such as likes and dislikes, interests and leisure activities, for example, saya lebih suka bermain futbal daripada sepak bola
  • describing significant people such as family members, friends and teachers, their relationship, physical appearance and characteristics/qualities, for example, Teman saya baik hati dan lucu
  • recounting experiences with family and friends, for example, Saya suka berbelanja dengan teman saya pada hari Sabtu
  • sustaining interactions with others by using strategies such as asking questions, for example, Oh begitu, ya, maaf? Dan kamu?

  VCIDC035 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCIDU033

  Recognise that Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia and is one of many languages in the Asia-Pacific region

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Indonesian is a standardised language and is used in official contexts such as for government, the media and education and that it also borrows from other languages, often with modified spelling (for example, televisi, komputer, kursi, topi, telepon, kecap)
  • identifying examples of how Indonesian has influenced Australian English (for example, ‘sarong’, ‘gong’, ‘satay’, ‘batik’, ‘orangutan’)
  • showing awareness of Indonesian as a ‘real’ language in use in the world, one of multiple languages in the Asia-Pacific region and in the Australian community

  VCIDU033 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOC005

  Present ideas and information obtained from different sources in a variety of ways for a different audiences such as listing, tabulating, sequencing or charting information

  Elaborations

  • reporting, orally and in writing, on events in their immediate environments or personal worlds, such as a school/community event, celebration, excursion, or the arrival of a new student, for example, 토니는 아주 재미있어요, 토니는 김치를 안/못 먹어요
  • presenting in the form of graphs or tables information collected from surveys, for example, results from a class survey about likes and dislikes, leisure activities or diets
  • creating texts to present information or ideas to a particular audience, for example, to advertise an event, create a virtual tour of the school or report on a favourite band or type of music
  • describing and classifying aspects of Australian culture for a Korean audience, for example, food/diet, daily life, significant places or cultural practices

  VCKOC005 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCNRC090

  Use spoken, written and multimodal forms of presentation to convey information on selected topics of interest

  Elaborations

  • creating texts relating to own experiences, for example, celebrations using appropriate and related greetings
  • describing aspects of life in Australia for an audience in communities where the language being studied is spoken, such as a teenage birthday party
  • presenting information in different formats for different audiences, for example, writing an email to a pen pal or introducing a new student to the class
  • reporting on events in their school life, personal world and immediate environment, for example, in a diary entry
  • using different modes of presentation to profile significant events, people or places, for example, a flyer about a community event, a digital presentation on a favourite musician

  VCNRC090 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCRAC103

  Share personal opinions and experiences with peers, comparing aspects of teenage life

  Elaborations

  • interacting with peers to share experiences of and opinions about teenage life, such as responsibilities, relationships and aspirations
  • exchanging with peers aspects of own identity and personal world, for example, describing significant events such as a recent party, childhood holidays, school highlights, influential figures or milestones
  • developing relationships with peers by exchanging views and expressing empathy and well-wishes, for example, describing views of particular people or events, wishing others well, and experimenting with informal language where appropriate
  • debating issues and discussing personal views on topics such as education, relationships, environment, sustainability, employment, self-image, health and music
  • participating in conversations, using strategies to sustain interactions, such as asking for repetition, clarification or confirmation, and inviting further exchange

  VCRAC103 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAC090

  Present factual information and ideas about aspects of language and culture in oral, written and multimodal form

  Elaborations

  • reporting, orally and in writing, on events in their immediate environment or personal world, for example, a school/community event, celebration or excursion, or a new student
  • creating texts to present information or ideas to an audience, for example, advertise an event, create a virtual tour of the school, report on a favourite band or type of music
  • describing an aspect of Australian culture for an audience of speakers of the language being learned, for example, food/diet, daily life, a significant place or cultural practice
  • preparing presentations about aspects of daily life and practices in a region where the language is spoken, such as school, leisure, entertainment, diet or education

  VCRAC090 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCZHU243

  Analyse the use of language across genders and generations, within and across language communities

  Elaborations

  • collecting a range of famous colloquial sayings from many different cultures and comparing their use
  • explaining how culture impacts on their own communication, for example: Did they take offence that the host didn’t offer food at the party? Why might some Chinese find that offensive?
  • knowing that communicative practices might be perceived differently in different cultures, for example, in accepting a compliment in Chinese, saying 谢谢 might make one look 自大
  • considering the role of English in the world, for example, examining the popularity of Chinese and English in second language programs and why individuals and nations believe proficiency in these two languages is important

  VCZHU243 | Languages | Chinese | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | The role of language and culture

• German - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use written and spoken German to interact with teachers, peers and others; to make decisions, solve problems and negotiate transactions; and to exchange and justify ideas, opinions and views. When interacting, they use both rehearsed and spontaneous language to...

  Level description | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• Indonesian - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students interact with peers and adults using written and spoken Indonesian to communicate about personal interests and relationships, practices and experiences, and about broader issues such as health and the environment, including as these relate to Indonesia. They respond...

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10

• VCLAU028

  Identify how cultural values, attitudes and beliefs of the Romans are embedded in their language

  Elaborations

  • discussing Roman values that are embedded in language, such as pietas, virtus, hospitium, fides
  • understanding how language and cultural practices are interconnected, for example, by explaining religious origins or connotations associated with words and expressions such as the polite command in the English RIP (‘rest in peace’) and the use of the more prayerful subjunctive in the Latin requiescat in pace
  • investigating the importance of Latin to personal status in the Roman world, as a means to social, economic and political advancement
  • examining language that reveals information about Roman government and administration, such as res publica, senatus, comitia, consul, dictator, princeps, census, and references in texts to public service, justice and the court system
  • discussing language that reveals the importance of public spaces and buildings in ancient Rome, for example, forum, temples, theatres
  • explaining references in texts to amphitheatres, gladiatorial combat, Circus Maximus, ‘bread and circuses’ and understanding the important place of entertainment in the Roman world
  • explaining the importance of religion to the Romans, with reference to concepts such as Lares et Penates, household genius, the worship of local gods at shrines, vestal virgins, cult of the Emperor
  • researching and discussing political and cultural influences in and on the works of leading writers, such as Cicero, Horace, Virgil, Livy, for example, mos maiorum; pax Romana
  • exploring the formal language that Romans used for greetings, or responding to the challenges of public life, such as ave, plurimas gratias, di immortales, and making comparisons with own language use in formal contexts
  • reflecting on how language, texts and artefacts provide a means of understanding the social and cultural practices of the Romans and how they conceptualised their world

  VCLAU028 | Languages | Latin | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCITC067

  Create short bilingual texts such as captions, stories and commentaries

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual resources such as glossaries, signage, recipes, children’s stories, factual reports, timelines or brochures, both individually and collaboratively
  • creating and presenting a bilingual oral history (possibly including fragments of dialects) of an older Italian person

  VCITC067 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating