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• VCESC146

  Collaborate with peers to plan and conduct different elements of shared tasks, transactions or activities

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers to organise class or school activities by taking responsibility for different elements, such as creating schedules, posters or programs or organising fundraising activities, using expressions related to place, time and numbers, for example,¿Qué día es hoy? ¿Dónde? ¿Cuándo? ¿A qué hora?)
  • developing interview questions to ask a Spanish-speaking guest, for example, ¿De dónde es? ¿A qué se dedica? ¿Cuándo llegó?
  • participating in real or imagined transactions that involve requesting information, considering options, buying and selling, for example, ¿Cuánto cuesta? ¿Qué colores tienen? ¿Tienen descuento? ¡Qué caro! ¡Qué chollo!
  • creating digital displays, presentations or performances for family, friends or school community to showcase their progress in learning and using Spanish
  • making simple recipes such as macedonia or churros, using appropriate language features and text structures such as imperative verb forms (añade, corta, remueve, amasa) and vocabulary for ingredients and quantities (un kilo, 300 gramos, la harina; fruta; mantequilla, un poco de...)

  VCESC146 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCFRC020

  Make statements, ask questions and collaborate in shared tasks such as science experiments, cooking or craft activities, building collections or swapping items

  Elaborations

  • making simple recipes such as crêpes or croques monsieur, using imperative verb forms (ajoutez, mélangez, versez, servez) and vocabulary for ingredients and quantities (la farine, le beurre, le lait, 100 grammes, un verre de...)
  • creating own instructional or procedural tasks such as making a model or designing treasure hunts, for example, Où se cache le trésor?
  • playing games that involve active listening, memory or information exchange, for example, Jacques a dit, Jeu de 7 familles, Loto
  • working together in collaborative tasks such as designing a poster for a specific event, composing a menu or creating a picture book, sharing decisions about content, vocabulary and design, for example, ceci ou cela? qu’est-ce que tu préfères? là ou là? petit ou grand?
  • swapping or borrowing from each other’s language resources such as word lists to complete shared learning tasks, for example, building an action wall or making adjective-snake-sentences (le chien est: petit, noir, fatigué, triste; Maman est: grande, mince, belle, gentille)

  VCFRC020 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCFRC023

  Present factual information about self, others, and home and school life, using graphic support such as photos, maps or charts

  Elaborations

  • using simple descriptive language and supporting resources to introduce family members and friends, identifying relationships (c’est mon cousin/ma sœur/ma grand-mère/mon copain) and cultural backgrounds (il est chinois/espagnol/australien)
  • collecting information about each other’s likes, dislikes or interests, using checklists, surveys or question cues such as combien de…? à quelle heure…? to create a class profile, chart or database, for example, les sports préférés, les plats de choix
  • presenting information on events or topics of possible interest to French children of their own age (for example, les fêtes d’anniversaire, les vacances or les copains), using multimodal resources and realia support and building vocabulary to describe actions and feelings
  • creating a class book or digital display about topics they have been studying in French and/or other curriculum areas, for example, les animaux sauvages au zoo/dans la nature

  VCFRC023 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC103

  Interact and socialise with peers and teacher to exchange greetings and information about self and family, and express likes and dislikes

  Elaborations

  • exchanging simple greetings, thanks and good wishes using formulaic expressions, adjusting language to suit the situation, for example, Ich heiße ... und du? Guten Morgen! Auf Wiedersehen! Danke! Alles Gute zum Geburtstag! Frohe Weihnachten! Guten Appetit!
  • using simple statements to describe themselves and to express likes and dislikes, for example, Ich bin fünf. Ich wohne in … Ich mag … (nicht).
  • sharing ideas about people and belongings, for example, Mein Teddy heiβt … Das ist meine Schwester/mein Ball.

  VCDEC103 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEC173

  Extend language to describe and reflect on the experience of learning and using German

  Elaborations

  • expressing individual learning goals (Lernziele) in relation to skills and understanding for learning German, for example, Ich möchte unbedingt Deutsch besser sprechen., and monitoring progress towards achieving these goals, for example, Heute habe ich gelernt, dass …
  • interacting with peers to compare experiences and challenges and identify successful learning strategies, for example, Am schwierigsten finde ich die deutsche Grammatik. Und du?; Ich sehe deutsche Filme, um meine Aussprache zu verbessern
  • reviewing others’ work, providing and justifying comments on general and specific points, for example, Ich finde deinen Artikel sehr informativ und überzeugend. Zum Beispiel hast du viele Unterschiede und Ähnlichkeiten erwähnt

  VCDEC173 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEU131

  Experiment with the pronunciation of vowel sounds, letter combinations and intonation patterns, and recognise and write high-frequency words and expressions in familiar contexts

  Elaborations

  • recognising and practising short and long vowel sounds, initial consonants and blends, for example, ja, rot, singen, Sport, Winter, zwei
  • recognising and using the Umlaut and Eszett to pronounce and write familiar German words
  • understanding that intonation patterns create different meanings, as in the distinction between statements, questions and exclamations (Du bist acht. Du bist acht? Du bist acht!)
  • encoding and decoding familiar German words using alphabetic knowledge of single letters, consonant clusters (sch) and vowel combinations (au, ei, eu, ie), applying learnt memory aids such as ‘when E and I go walking, the second one does the talking’

  VCDEU131 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU117

  Recognise that in German, as in English and other languages, there are different ways of greeting and interacting with people

  Elaborations

  • recognising different forms of address and greeting, depending on time of day and the gender and social status of participants, for example, first names with peers (Tag, Luke!) and Guten Morgen, Frau Stein! for the teacher
  • recognising that there can be different forms of address for the same person, for example, Mama, Mutti, Mami, Mutter
  • understanding that the level of detail required can vary depending on the context, for example, Ich bin 5; Ich bin 6 Jahre und 3 Monate alt; Ich bin fast 7.

  VCDEU117 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCESC109

  Interact with teacher and peers to introduce self, greet and farewell others and describe friends, family and favourite things

  Elaborations

  • greeting and farewelling others at different times of the day and in different contexts, using appropriate forms of address, for example, ¡Hola amigos! ¡Buenos días profesora! ¡Buenas tardes abuela! ¡Hasta mañana tía!
  • introducing and describing self, family members, friends and favourite things, animals and objects using visual supports such as photos, pictures or digital images, for example, Me llamo Jorge; ¿Cómo te llamas? Tengo un hermano pequeño; Me gusta la clase de español; Este es mi papá, Esta es mi mamá; Mi perro es blanco y grande. Tengo una bicicleta verde
  • using simple statements to express likes and dislikes, for example, Me gusta Dora la exploradora; No me gusta la sopa; Mi color favorito es el rojo
  • using formulaic expressions to offer congratulations or to express wishes related to special occasions, for example, ¡Feliz Navidad! ¡Feliz cumpleaños! ¡Muy bien!
  • using simple gestures to accompany expressions such as así así, ¡ojo!, ¡no!, ¡qué problema!

  VCESC109 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCFRU103

  Understand and use elements of the French grammatical system, including word order, gender and number variation, and present and compound forms of regular and some irregular verbs

  Elaborations

  • using and understanding nouns as core elements of sentence structure
  • using definite and indefinite articles (le, la, l’, les; un, une, des)
  • marking plural forms (le chien/les chiens, une femme/des femmes), including some irregular plural forms (l’œil/les yeux, le nez/les nez)
  • understanding and using the three main conjugations for present tense regular verbs -er, -ir and -re, and the irregular present tense conjugations of the verbs être, avoir, aller and faire
  • understanding that while some adjectives in French follow the noun (un élève intelligent, un match extraordinaire), some precede the noun (une bonne étudiante, une grande maison)
  • understanding that adjectives agree in number and gender with the noun (des élèves intelligents, de bonnes étudiantes) and that des changes to de if the adjective precedes the noun
  • understanding the form and function of subject pronouns je, tu, il, elle, nous, vous, ils and elles, how they determine verb conjugations and substitute for noun subjects (voila le frère de Michel; il est beau, n’est-ce pas?)
  • recognising and using locative prepositions à, en, au, aux and dans when describing where people live (Jean-François habite à Montréal au Canada, ma copine Juliette habite aux Phlippines, la famille Maréchal habite dans une ferme)
  • using the negative ne…pas in simple statements, questions and commands (je n’aime pas l’histoire, tu n’aimes pas le bifteck? ne recommence pas!), recognising substitution of the indefinite article with de in negative sentences (Non, je n’ai pas de frère. J’ai une sœur)
  • understanding three ways of forming a question: a simple declarative sentence with rising intonation (tu as un animal chez toi?), inverting the verb form (as-tu un animal chez toi?), and using est-ce que before a declarative sentence (est-ce que tu as un animal chez toi?)
  • gaining awareness of simple and compound tenses, using le passé composé to recount events that occurred in the past and le futur proche to describe immediate future events (il a regardé la télé, il va regarder la télé)
  • expressing ownership through the use of singular and plural possessive adjectives (mes yeux, ses cheveux, ta mère, ses copains)
  • using the imperative verb mood (mes enfants, soyez sages! va demander à ta mère)
  • recognising the function of irregular verbs such as avoir, être and faire in expressions such as avoir faim, avoir 13 ans and faire beau and as auxiliary verb forms (je suis arrivé, nous avons mangé)
  • recognising the functions of elements such as prefixes and suffixes (désagréable, la camionette, la réorganization) and how word patterns and clusters connect (triste, la tristesse; le marché, le marchand, la marchandise)
  • building metalanguage to talk about grammar and vocabulary (for example, les formes négatives, interrogatives, le futur proche, masculin, féminin, singulier, pluriel), and comparing with equivalent English terms

  VCFRU103 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCFRC077

  Convey information on selected topics, using different modes of presentation to suit different audiences or to achieve different purposes

  Elaborations

  • creating different elements for a general information evening for peers and parents on topics such as les échanges culturelles, le tabagisme or les jeunes et la lecture/les médias sociaux, combining formats such as displays, posters, performances and printed material
  • creating a web page to provide information for young job seekers in different regional and cultural contexts (for example, les stations de ski, au pair à la ferme, le travail saisonnier), using formats such as databases, charts, maps and video clips
  • designing texts pitched to specific age or interest groups, making and explaining choices in relation to vocabulary, structure, and visual and cultural elements, (for example, fashion advice for teens, tips for healthier living, local information for new migrants)
  • summarising and presenting information relating to topics or themes studied in other curriculum areas, using different modes of presentation to cater for different learning styles, for example, charts, diagrams, recorded spoken commentary or demonstration to explain eco-systems or recycling
  • referencing cultural trends in contemporary France and other francophone communities, for example by presenting and commenting on community texts associated with cultural activities related to les fêtes religieuses or les fêtes civiles (Hanoucca, la Messe de Minuit, les Fêtes du Mawlid, le 1er mai)

  VCFRC077 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC138

  Participate in guided tasks such as planning and organising events and completing transactions

  Elaborations

  • organising and conducting collaborative activities, for example, a Deutsch macht fit session for a younger class, or designing badges or bilingual posters on healthy eating or recycling (Trinkt lieber Wasser!; Recycelt eure Dosen!)
  • participating in real or simulated transactions such as buying food, for example, Ich nehme ein Käsebrötchen. Was kostet ein Eis? Das macht 6,50 Euro.
  • participating in sourcing goods and services, such as budgeting for virtual shopping expeditions, consulting online catalogues and websites, comparing prices and value, and discussing intended purchases, for example, Dieses Handy ist zu teuer. Der Hut passt dir gut.
  • exchanging and comparing currencies, for example, converting Euro or Schweizer Franken into Australian dollars

  VCDEC138 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEC126

  Create imaginative texts such as simple plays, poems and stories, using formulaic expressions and modelled language as well as simple visual supports

  Elaborations

  • collaborating to create and perform a new version of a traditional or contemporary text, for example, the script of a play for the German fairy tale Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten
  • creating and performing a puppet play involving a German character and an Australian character, such as die Maus (Die Sendung mit der Maus) meeting Bananas in Pyjamas or an Igel meeting an echidna, using modelled German language
  • using digital technologies to create and illustrate short imaginative texts designed to amuse or entertain, such as Mein Traumhaus (Ich wohne in einem Schloss. Mein Schloss ist sehr alt, groβ und schön.) or fantasy stories featuring imaginary creatures
  • producing and presenting illustrated or multimodal texts using a modelled structure, for example, an acrostic poem based on their first name or Elfchen

  VCDEC126 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCDEC008

  Translate and interpret texts such as greetings, signs, emails and conversations, from German to English and vice versa, noticing similarities and differences

  Elaborations

  • translating short personal texts, identifying words and phrases that can be translated literally and those that cannot, for example, Guten Appetit! Guten Tag! Ohrwurm
  • using German–English cognates to predict meaning, for example, Brot/‘bread’, kalt/‘cold’, trinken/‘to drink’
  • recognising compound words, and collecting and analysing interesting examples (der Schulsport, die Realschule, babyleicht), noting that compound nouns take the gender of the last noun in the compound
  • translating public signs from German to English and vice versa, noticing similarities and differences
  • interpreting for and explaining to peers and family members aspects of German language and culture (in texts such as emails and conversations) that are interesting and/or different, for example, that when addressing teachers in German you use family names after the titles Frau and Herr, unlike the English use of just ‘Miss’ or ‘Sir’

  VCDEC008 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDEU136

  Make connections between culture and language use, for example, by identifying vocabulary and expressions that reflect cultural values, traditions or practices

  Elaborations

  • comparing terms across German-speaking cultures, for example, Liebchen/Liebling, mein Schatz, Spitznamen
  • recognising that language carries cultural ideas, for example, Sommerbeginn, which is officially 1 December in Australia but 21/22 June in Europe; hitzefrei (‘heat-free’), referring to the practice of dismissing students early from school if a certain temperature is reached or forecast; or Wald, the setting in many German fairy tales
  • recognising character traits and values, such as those of animal characters in German stories, for example, the wolf in Rotkäppchen, and comparing them with familiar Australian stories
  • learning how to communicate about culture and language using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘difference’ and ‘behaviour’
  • discussing parallel expressions such as ‘G’day’/Tag, ‘morning tea’/Kaffeepause and ‘Bless you’/Gesundheit

  VCDEU136 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDEU016

  Recognise that German and English are related languages and that German is an important European and global language

  Elaborations

  • noticing that German and English share many words, for example, Computer, Bus, Taxi and Auto, and understanding that this is a result of historical events as well as the dynamic nature of languages
  • recognising that English and other languages have borrowed German words, for example, Hamburger, kaputt, Kindergarten, Glockenspiel and Mischmasch, and comparing how these words are pronounced by German and English speakers
  • understanding that English grammar used to be more similar to German grammar but that English has changed, for example, recognising the link between the Middle English ‘What thinkest thou?’ and Was denkst du?
  • recognising that the German language continuously borrows and adapts words and expressions from other languages, including English, for example, das Internet, die App, häppi, joggen, shoppen, simsen/texten, Stopp! and Sorry!
  • recognising that German is an official language of the ‘DACHL’ countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Liechtenstein) as well as in Belgium, Luxembourg and South Tyrol

  VCDEU016 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• Languages | Latin: Learning in Latin

  The place of Latin and the heritage of the ancient Roman world

  Latin developed from a local dialect of central Italy to become the official language of ancient Rome, transmitting Roman law, government, literature and social and cultural knowledge and values throughout much of Europe, North Africa...

  Overview material | Latin

• Turkish - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Turkish to interact by sharing ideas and experiences, for example, 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramında ben şiir okudum. Ramazan Bayramında dedem bana harçlık verdi. When interacting, they show interest and respect for...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• Turkish - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students interact in written and spoken Turkish to exchange and compare views and experiences on personal, local and global issues, for example, liseyi bitirince Türkiye’de üniversiteye gitmek istiyorum, okulu bitirdikten sonra seyahat etmek istiyorum. They us...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10

• Turkish - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students interact with the teacher and peers to exchange information and express opinions, for example, Arkadaşlarımla sinemaya gitmeyi severim. They use descriptive and expressive language to share feelings and to express preferences such as Suyu gazoza tercih ederim. Student...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCDEU013

  Develop knowledge of elements of the German grammatical system, including gender and number, nominative and accusative cases, present tense of regular and some irregular verbs, personal pronouns, possessive adjectives and word order, to describe people, objects, actions, events and relationships

  Elaborations

  • understanding that German has multiple words for ‘the’ and ‘a/an’ according to the gender of the relevant noun, and noticing that the articles for masculine nouns sometimes change (nominative to accusative), for example, Die Frau hat einen BMW.; Der Film hat ein Happy End
  • comparing pluralisation of nouns in German and English, for example, die for plural nouns
  • using post-nominal (predicative) adjectives, for example, Unsere Deutschlehrerin ist intelligent.; Die Berge in Österreich sind sehr schön.; Meine Augen sind blau.
  • noticing the relationship between gender, article, adjective and case when using pre-nominal (attributive) adjectives to describe people, objects, places and events, for example, Ich habe einen kleinen Bruder.
  • noticing that as well as the articles (for masculine nouns), some pronouns change after certain verbs (accusative direct object), for example, Wir sehen heute den Film.; Es gibt einen neuen Schüler in Klasse 8A.; Ich mag dich.
  • noticing that articles and pronouns change after particular prepositions (dative), such as those associated with location and destination, for example, Wir sind in der Stadt.; Die Party ist im Garten.; Wie kommst du zur Schule?
  • using common prepositional phrases formulaically, for example, nach Hause, zu Hause
  • using personal pronouns to refer to people and things, for example, Was kostet die App? Sie kostet… .
  • understanding the three German pronouns for ‘you’ (du/ihr/Sie) and when to use them
  • expressing a relationship to a person or object using some possessive adjectives in the nominative and accusative case, for example, Seine Familie kommt aus Afrika.; Ich liebe meinen Hund .
  • recognising that in German a subject + verb can have multiple English translations, for example, wir spielen can mean ‘we play’, ‘we are playing’, ‘we do play’, ‘we shall/will play’ and ‘we’re going to play’, and applying this understanding when formulating own German sentences
  • understanding the concept of regular and irregular verbs (spielen and lesen) and noticing that this is a feature of both German and English (and other languages, such as French, Italian and Spanish)
  • conjugating the present tense of regular verbs and some common irregular verbs, including sein and haben
  • understanding structures to express likes, dislikes and preferences, for example, Ich mag Tennis. Ich spiele nicht gern Fuβball. Ich spiele lieber Kricket.
  • using common modal verbs such as können to describe capabilities (Ich kann gut schwimmen., and Ich möchte and Darf ich… ?) or to make polite requests
  • gaining awareness of a limited number of routine past tense expressions including some with war and hatte and the present perfect, for example, Sabine war gestern krank. Das hat Spaβ gemacht. Habt ihr ein schönes Wochenende gehabt?
  • negating verbs and adjectives using nicht and nouns using kein/e, for example, Nein, Marcus hat keine Geschwister.
  • describing frequency using adverbs and adverbial expressions such as oft, manchmal, jeden Tag, ab und zu, nie
  • understanding the subject-verb-object (SVO) word order, for example, Ich spiele Basketball., and the need for subject-verb inversion to keep the verb as the second idea/element in the sentence, for example, Heute Abend spiele ich Basketball.
  • joining words, phrases and sentences using the coordinating conjunctions und, oder, aber
  • understanding how to form a question, using subject-verb inversion, for example, Hast du Geschwister? and with interrogatives such as wann, was, wer, wie, wie viel, wie viele, wo, woher, warum, welche(-r/s/n) and wohin
  • locating people, places and objects using adverbs such as rechts, links, oben, unten, hier, dort
  • using ordinal numbers to give the date or a birthday, for example, Heute ist der erste Ma.i; Seine Mutter hat am 22. April Geburtstag.
  • understanding and locating events in time (days, months, seasons), including the use of the 24-hour clock, prepositions such as nach and vor, and adverbs and formulaic expressions such as heute, vorgestern, früher, später, am Wochenende, in den Ferien
  • referring to quantities of people and things, including money, using cardinal numbers up to a billion, as well as decimals, common fractions and negative numbers, for example, Deutschland hat 81,9 Millionen Einwohner.; Die Tagestemperatur liegt bei minus 3 Grad.; Ich habe eine Halbschwester.
  • building metalanguage to comment on grammar and vocabulary (for example, Nomen, Verben, Zahlen, Fragewörter, groβ/klein schreiben), comparing with equivalent English terms

  VCDEU013 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language