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• VCGGK084

  Similarities and differences between places in terms of their type of settlement, demographic characteristics and the lives of the people who live there

  Elaborations

  • exploring different types of settlement, and classifying them into hierarchical categories, for example, isolated dwellings, outstations, isolated communities, villages, towns, regional centres and large cities
  • investigating the diversity of people who live in their place, using census data on age, birthplace, ancestry, language, religious affiliation, family composition or household composition, comparing them with the people in another place in Australia, and discussing their results
  • discussing the similarities and differences in the types of work and other activities people do in their own place with a different type of place in Australia and a place in another country
  • examining the similarities and differences between their daily lives and those of young people in a place outside Australia and discussing what it would be like to live in these places
  • proposing possible actions that could promote awareness about the similarities and differences between particular places and discussing reasons for raising this awareness

  VCGGK084 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCHHC029

  Explore their perspective on how things have changed from past and present in their daily life

  Elaborations

  • using images to explore their life and key milestones and reflect on what has changed in their life
  • investigating daily life today and in the past through images and exploring what is the same, different, good and bad
  • exploring what different class members think has changed in their daily life

  VCHHC029 | The Humanities | History | Level C | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCGGC073

  Identify and explain the interconnections within places and between places

  Elaborations

  • identifying the main types of natural vegetation, including forest, savannah, grassland, woodland and desert, and explaining the relationship between climate and natural vegetation
  • describing how natural processes can break down and recycle some wastes safely. For example, through composting or purifying water as it moves through the environment
  • exploring how vegetation produces the oxygen all land animals (including people) breathe, protects land from erosion by water or wind, retains rainfall, provides habitat for animals, shelters crops and livestock, provides shade for people, cools urban places, produces medicines, wood and fibre, and can make places appear more attractive
  • investigating and comparing what it would be like to live in a place with a climate different to their own place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia

  VCGGC073 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCHHK159

  Changing social, cultural, historical, economic, environmental, political and technological conditions on a major global influence in Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • identifying American and Asian influences on Australian popular culture since World War II, for example, through mainstream and Hollywood and Bollywood films
    • investigating the changing contribution of the Australian rock ’n’ roll, film and television industries to Australian culture and identity through the development and export of music, film and television, for example, the Easybeats from Sydney, the Go-Betweens from Brisbane and ‘Crocodile Dundee’ (1986)
    • describing significant examples of continuity and change in beliefs and values, such as democratic ideals, religious beliefs, egalitarianism
  • Environment movement
    • recognising the historic impact of the pictures of Earth taken during the Apollo 8 mission and how they influenced people’s view of the world
    • explaining the significance of ideas about the environment, for example, Gaia, the limits of growth, sustainability and rights of nature
    • investigating a range of environmental effects, for example, the flooding of Lake Pedder in Tasmania, deforestation in Indonesia, the decline of the Aral Sea, the Exxon Valdez oil spill, the whaling industry
    • explaining the struggle over French nuclear weapon testing in the Pacific from 1966–1996, for example, the sinking of the Rainbow Warrior in 1985
    • evaluating the effectiveness of international protocols and treaties such as Kyoto (1997), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (since 1992) and the Washington Declaration (2007)
  • Migration experiences
    • describing the impact of the Vietnam war on Vietnam and how the communist victory in Vietnam (1975) resulted in the arrival of refugees into Australia
    • investigating policies of multiculturalism since the 1970s and the concepts of cultural heritage and assimilation
    • analysing post-World War II population growth and the development of Australia’s culturally diverse society using different types of graphs
  • Political Crisis
    • identifying and evaluating the changes to Australia as a result of the political crisis
    • using a chart or graphic organiser to categorise the changes to Australia

  VCHHK159 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCGGK146

  Environmental worldviews of people and their implications for environmental management

  Elaborations

  • describing the role of people’s environmental worldviews, for example, human-centred and earth-centred, in producing different attitudes and approaches towards environmental management
  • comparing the differences in people’s views about the causes of environmental issues in Australia and across the world
  • explaining people’s choices of methods for managing or responding to environmental changes
  • discussing the influence of people’s world views on programs for the management of the environmental change being investigated

  VCGGK146 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Environmental change and management

• The Humanities: About the Humanities

  In the Victorian Curriculum F–10, the Humanities includes Civics and Citizenship, Economics and Business, Geography and History.

  The Humanities provide a framework for students to examine the complex processes that have shaped the modern world and to investigate responses to different challenges...

  Overview material | The Humanities

• VCHHK065

  The effect of changing technology on people’s lives and their perspectives on the significance of that change

  Elaborations

  • examining changes in technology over several generations by comparing past and present objects and photographs, and discussing how these changes have shaped people’s lives, for example, changes to land, air and sea transport, the move from wood-fired stoves to gas/electrical appliances, the introduction of television, transistors, FM radio and digital technologies
  • identifying where the technology used in their grandparents’ childhoods was made compared with the technology they use today
  • examining the traditional toys used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children to play and learn, for example, Arrernte children learn to play string games so they can remember stories they have been told
  • creating models of toys used by children who lived when electricity was not available

  VCHHK065 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Community histories

• VCEBN009

  Investigate the nature and explain the importance of enterprising behaviours and capabilities

  Elaborations

  • investigating behaviours that are considered enterprising and why, for example, taking initiative in classroom activities to help propose actions to economics or business issues or events
  • brainstorming the reasons why enterprising behaviours and capabilities are important for individuals and businesses
  • using a mindmap to plan how they might use their enterprising behaviours and capabilities in classroom or school activities
  • developing an innovative response when faced with a challenge or problem
  • practising a range of enterprising behaviours in setting up a class activity, for example, the class running a lunchtime disco to raise money for their school

  VCEBN009 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 5 and 6 | Enterprising Behaviours and Capabilities

• VCEBW017

  Describe the nature and investigate the influences on the work environment

  Elaborations

  • investigating present influences on the ways people work, such as technological change, outsourced labour in the global economy, rapid communication changes
  • identifying changes to the workforce over time, such as the jobs available, the way individuals or communities value particular work, career length and human resource development
  • predicting changes to work in the future and possible outcomes, for example, ‘What could be the effect of a changing attitude to work–life balance or the decline of some industries?’

  VCEBW017 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 7 and 8 | Work and Work Futures

• VCHHK141

  Significant events, turning points of the war and the nature of warfare

  Elaborations

  • explaining the reasons for the failure of the Gallipoli campaign
  • investigating one major battle examining locations, techniques, warfare
  • using sources to examine the perspectives of those who fought on both sides
  • evaluating the significance of the Armistice of November 1918

  VCHHK141 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Australia at war (1914 – 1945): World War I

• History: Levels 7 and 8 description

  The Ancient World to the Modern World

  In Levels 7 and 8, students study history from the time of the earliest human communities to the end of the ancient period, approximately 60 000 BC (BCE) – c.650 AD (CE). It also covers the period from the end of the ancient period to the beginning of...

  Level description | The Humanities | History

• Economics and Business: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students describe how resources are allocated and distributed in the Australian economy and the way economic performance is measured. They provide explanations for variations in economic performance and standards of living within and between economies. Students explain...

  Level description | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 9 and 10

• Geography: Level D description

  The Level D curriculum focuses on the features of places where students live focusing on developing student’s awareness, understanding and purpose of a place. Students are encouraged to be curious about a place and explore its local area. They use their senses to explore the tangible characteristics...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography

• VCHHK158

  Causes and developments of the major global influences on Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • analysing the causes and conditions for cultural development and the effects on Australian society
    • investigating America’s cultural influence, as seen in the arrival of television for the Melbourne Olympics (1956) and Bill Haley’s Australian tour (1957)
    • comparing and contrasting views on the values and beliefs of rock ’n’ roll, film and television across time, age and gender, for example, issues of conservatism and rebellion, the challenge to established ideas and national identity
  • Environment movement
    • analysing the causes and conditions that led to the environment movement and its effects on changing public opinion and improving the environment
    • outlining the emergence of concerns about the preservation of natural areas for future generations, for example, as reflected in the establishment of National Parks in the United States (Yellowstone National Park in 1872), Australia (Royal National Park in 1879), Canada (Rocky Mountains National Park in 1885) and New Zealand (Tongariro National Park in 1887)
    • investigating the impact of early texts that warned about environmental change, for example, Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, 1962, Don’t It Make You Want To Go Home by Joe South, 1970, Mother Earth News magazine in 1970, Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology) lyrics by Marvin Gaye, 1971
  • Migration experiences
    • analysing the causes and conditions that led to increased migration to Australia and changing public opinion and government policy
    • describing the main features of a government policy that affected migration to Australia, such as the Immigration Restriction Act 1901 and use of the dictation test to restrict the immigration of non-Europeans
    • explaining the reasons for changes in government policy, for example the influence of White Australia ideology at the time of the introduction of the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, the Displaced Persons Scheme in the aftermath of World War II
  • Political Crisis
    • analysing the causes of the Korean or Vietnam War and its effects on Australia
    • analysing the causes and effects of the Petrov Affair
    • evaluating the developments during the Whitlam government and the causes of the government’s dismissal

  VCHHK158 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCHHK108

  The importance of conserving the remains of the ancient past, including the heritage, culture and artefacts of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • examine the process Archaeologists undertake to investigate and conserve a site, including theories about the people who lived around Lake Mungo
  • discuss approaches by government and indigenous to conserve and protect sacred sites
  • investigate how museums and local councils protect and conserve including the heritage, culture and artefacts of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • evaluate how museums balance the use of items and their preservation. Is the significance of their cultural and physical aspects considered?

  VCHHK108 | The Humanities | History | Levels 7 and 8 | Historical Knowledge | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and cultures

• VCHHK080

  Stories of the First Fleet, including causes and reasons for the journey, who travelled to Australia, and their experiences and perspectives following arrival

  Elaborations

  • discussing reasons for the First Fleet journey, including an examination of the wide range of crimes punishable by transportation, and looking at the groups who were transported
  • discussing the treatment of prisoners at that time, and past and present views on the colonisation of Australia; investigating the daily lives and social standing of those who travelled to Australia on the First Fleet, including families, children and convict guards

  VCHHK080 | The Humanities | History | Levels 3 and 4 | Historical Knowledge | First contacts

• VCHHK135

  Significant events and influencing ideas in the development of the society, including different perspectives of the events at the time and different historical interpretations and debates

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • discussing the rise of nationalist sentiment in Australia in the mid to late nineteenth century
    • sequencing the key events and ideas in the development of Australian self-government and democracy, including women's voting rights
    • explaining the factors that contributed to federation and the development of democracy in Australia, including defence concerns, the 1890s depression, nationalist ideals, egalitarianism, the Westminster system
  • Asia
    • explaining the position of the Asian society in relation to other nations in the world around the turn of the twentieth century, including the influence of key ideas such as nationalism
    • investigating the fall of the Shogun and the Meiji Restoration, rise of nationalism, militarism and expansionism, confrontation between Japan and China, and with Western powers, for example, the Russo-Japanese war, and the emergence of Japan as a major world power
    • describing the activities of Christian missionaries in China and the outcomes of the Boxer Rebellion
    • analysing the significant causes and effects of the Indian Great Rebellion 1857

  VCHHK135 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCGGC060

  Collect and record geographical data and information from the field and other sources

  Elaborations

  • asking questions about features they observe in the local area and collecting and recording information using all their senses
  • using geographical tools, such as photographs taken from the air or a digital application such as Google Earth, to identify places ranging from those with largely natural features to those with largely constructed features
  • interviewing their grandparents or significant Elders to find out the places they visited when they were young
  • recording what they have learned about the different weather and seasons of places in a picture diary or a series of paintings, and annotating them with changes that occur throughout a year
  • recording how frequently they visit places and for what purpose

  VCGGC060 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• Economics and Business: Levels 9 and 10 description

  In Levels 9 and 10, students consider how the Australian economy is performing and the importance of its interactions and relationships with the Asia region and the global economy in achieving growth and prosperity. This includes the significance of trading relationships in supporting prosperous...

  Level description | The Humanities | Economics and Business

• VCGGK009

  Experience their connection to a place in Australia and across the world

  Elaborations

  • experience the purpose or special event/s of a space
  • experiencing the linking of special events and places to people, culture and other places
  • reacting to images of places

  VCGGK009 | The Humanities | Geography | Level A | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them