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• VCCCTQ003

  Make simple modifications to known ideas and routine solutions to generate some different ideas and possibilities

  Elaborations

  • investigating how making one change to a characteristic such as shape, position, size or materials can make a significant difference, for example how changing the size and/or design of the school garden could reduce the amount of water it requires
  • reading a picture story book with two endings, and exploring how the author makes modifications to create different endings
  • using unifix blocks to explore number nbonds for addition and subtraction problems, making and breaking a given number as many ways as possible to generate different possibilities of equivalence for addition and subtraction problems, for example in response to prompts such as ‘How can you break 9?’ (8+1)

  VCCCTQ003 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCESC118

  Recognise what aspects of songs, stories, rhymes and pictures from Spanish-speaking cultures may look or feel similar or different to own language(s) and culture(s)

  Elaborations

  • comparing aspects of the lives of children in Australian and Spanish-speaking countries as represented in print and digital images, video clips and stories, for example, ways of playing games, eating food, or interacting at school or at home
  • using some Spanish words, expressions and exclamations when playing with one another, for example, ¡Ay! ¡salud! and noticing any differences in behaviour, use of voice or body language compared to when using English
  • responding to teacher prompts in Spanish or English, for example, ¿Qué ves/notas? or ‘What do you notice about…?’, to capture their impressions when viewing images or stories involving children in Spanish-speaking contexts

  VCESC118 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCGGK066

  Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Country/Place on which the school is located and why Country/Place is important to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and the ways in which they maintain special connections to particular Country/Place

  Elaborations

  • identifying and using the name of the local Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander Language Group
  • identifying how and why the words Country/Place are used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples for the places to which they belong
  • inviting members of the Traditional Owner Group to talk about Country and Places of cultural and historical significance to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community in the local neighbourhood, suburb, town or rural locality
  • discussing how some people are connected to one Country, for example, because it is ‘mother’s’ Country or ‘father’s’ Country
  • describing the connections of the local Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples with the land, sea, sky and animals of their Country/Place

  VCGGK066 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCJAU125

  Recognise that Japanese and English borrow words and expressions from each other and from other languages

  Elaborations

  • noticing that languages borrow words from one another and that both Japanese and Australian English include many words and expressions from other languages
  • recognising that Japanese uses many loan words from English and other languages, such as ペン、テレビ、ピンク, and that these are pronounced differently by Japanese speakers
  • recognising that English loan words in Japanese are written in katakana and sound like a familiar word in English, for example, レモン、ピザ、アイスクリーム
  • creating a class record of Japanese words that are used in English and other languages, such as ‘judo’, ‘origami’, ‘sushi’ and ‘manga’, and comparing how these words are pronounced in the two languages

  VCJAU125 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCTRU016

  Recognise that different languages, including Turkish, borrow words and expressions from each other

  Elaborations

  • recognising that languages continuously change and borrow from one another
  • recognising that Turkish uses loan words from English, such as internet, TV, ceket, film and futbol, and that English uses words from Turkish, such as yoghurt, coffee, horde, kiosk, turquoise
  • creating a class record of Turkish words used in English, such as doner kebab, shish kebab, yoghurt, dolma, cacik, comparing how these words are pronounced in the two languages
  • noticing words that come from different languages that students use in their everyday lives

  VCTRU016 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCJAU121

  Recognise and copy some hiragana and a few high-frequency kanji

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the Japanese language uses three different scripts depending on word origins and the context of language use
  • understanding that one kana represents a basic unit of Japanese sound
  • understanding that each individual kanji represents meaning as well as sounds, for example, 日(ひ)、日(び)、日(にち), whereas one kana or one letter of the English alphabet does not represent individual meaning
  • recognising some kanji, for example, numbers and 象形文字(しょうけいもじ) (pictographs) such as 山(やま)、川(かわ)、口(くち)、目(め)、上(うえ)
  • recognising the 46 basic hiragana, using supports such as mnemonic clues
  • tracing and copying kanji and kana
  • tracing and copying their own name in katakana or hiragana
  • identifying known hiragana within a word and using that to predict the meaning
  • noticing that Japanese can be written vertically or horizontally

  VCJAU121 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCARC113

  Identify themselves as members of different groups, including the Arabic class, the school, and their family and community, describing their roles within these different groups

  Elaborations

  • listing various groups they belong to, for example, family, school, class or clubs, and reflecting on themselves as a member of multiple groups and the roles they play in these groups
  • identifying themselves as belonging to a particular cultural and/or language group, for example,

    أتكلم العربي؛ صف العربي؛ أهلي من لبنان؛ أنا من الاردن؛ أنا أسترالي لكن أهلي من سوريا

  • creating own profile using drawings or providing captions for photos to express roles in or membership of various groups, including their identity as a person who knows more than one language
  • eliciting and giving information that signals identity in different contexts, such as home, school and community, for example, compiling a personal profile consisting of their name, age, and dialect spoken at home, using simple words and modelled sentences

  VCARC113 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHHK060

  How the present, past and future are signified by terms indicating and describing time

  Elaborations

  • discussing what happened yesterday, what is likely to happen tomorrow, upcoming birthdays, celebrations and seasons, and ordering these references to time in sequence using terms such as ‘before’, ‘after’, ‘next’ and ‘then’
  • discussing how some cultures, for example the Chinese, describe a child as being one year old on the day they are born
  • identifying dates and changes that have personal significance, for example, birthdays, moving house, changing schools, religious and school holidays, marking these on a calendar and counting down time, as well as noting that events of personal significance may differ according to children’s cultural backgrounds
  • examining Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander seasonal calendars, for example, the Gagadju (Kakadu) and the D'harawal (Sydney) calendars, each with six seasons, the Arrernte (central Australia) with five, the Woiwurrung (Upper Yarra Valley) with seven, and north-east Tasmania with three

  VCHHK060 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Personal histories

• VCVIC115

  Share opinions and ways of behaving when using Vietnamese in home and school contexts

  Elaborations

  • identifying the significance of particular gestures in Vietnamese-speaking contexts, noticing own level of comfort with these, for example, making or not making eye contact when talking to older people
  • discussing one another’s ways of communicating and their appropriateness in Vietnamese contexts, such as different ways of showing politeness, for example, when making requests (giùm, làm ơn), thanking someone (cảm ơn nhiều, cảm ơn), bending when passing people, folding arms and/or nodding while greeting people
  • sharing with peers what it is like to use Vietnamese, for example, when singing a song in class, speaking Vietnamese with friends or family members, and using gestures, such as bowing when they say Con chào ba mẹ. Cháu chào ông bà

  VCVIC115 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDTDS013

  Identify and explore digital systems (hardware and software components) for a purpose

  Elaborations

  • playing with and using different digital systems for transferring and capturing data, for example using a tablet to take a photograph of a grandparent and recording an interview with them about life in the past
  • exploring and using digital systems for downloading and storing information, for example knowing how to download images from a website and insert them into a document
  • exploring and identifying hardware and software components of digital systems when creating ideas and information, for example experimenting with different ways of providing instructions to games software using a mouse, touch pad, touch screen, keyboard, stylus
  • recognising and using hardware and software components of digital systems and experimenting with their functions, for example playing with interactive toys and robotic devices to determine which ones can work with other devices
  • recognising that a digital system follows instructions or commands, for example instructing robotic toys to perform a function such as a dance movement
  • constructing a model of a real or imaginary digital systems device for use in role-play scenarios and explaining the features of the device to an adult

  VCDTDS013 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Digital Systems

• VCIDU017

  Notice that the languages people use and the way they use them relate to who they are and where and how they live

  Elaborations

  • recognising that Indonesian is the language spoken in Indonesia, a country that is one of Australia’s neighbours in a region known as ‘Asia’
  • noticing similarities and differences between Indonesian and Australian lifestyles and language use, for example, tidur siang, bantal guling, bringing hands to forehead when greeting the teacher
  • exploring different cultural practices and related language use through games, for example, suten/suwitan, Semut, gajah, orang, and Hom Pim Pah
  • recognising words that reflect aspects of culture, for example, the names and sounds of distinctive flora and fauna such as orangutan, komodo and cicak, and artefacts such as the flag (sang merah-putih) and national emblem (garuda)
  • noticing that particular Australian-English terms and expressions have no equivalent in Indonesian, for example, ‘koala’, ‘meat pie’, ‘farm’

  VCIDU017 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCITC007

  Participate in shared reading/viewing of short imaginative texts and respond by drawing, miming, performing and other forms of expression

  Elaborations

  • participating in shared reading of books and digital texts, and deciphering the meaning of a story using illustrations, sounds and animation
  • making predictions about characters and plot from the cover and illustrations, and at various points in the text before reading on
  • illustrating a shared class big book, for example, È un uccello. È verde. L’uccello vola. La farfalla è gialla. La rana è verde. La zebra è bianca e nera
  • sharing feelings about a book/video clip by participating in simple ‘reviews’, writing their names under one of the following statements: Mi piace; Mi piace molto; Non mi piace
  • taking on the persona of a character through play
  • reciting and performing chants, rhymes and songs, adding music and actions to support meaning of their own performances, for example, the farfallina counting rhyme: Farfallina bella bianca, vola vola e mai si stanca, vola vola sempre in su, farfallina non c’è più; resti fuori proprio tu

  VCITC007 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Creating

• VCJAC111

  Participate in classroom routines such as addressing and responding to the teacher, opening and closing of lessons, transition activities, following instructions, thanking and asking for help, using appropriate gestures and behaviour

  Elaborations

  • participating as a group in classroom routines such as opening and closing lessons, for example, せんせい、おはようございます。さようなら。, using appropriate gestures
  • understanding and responding to questions using まる/ばつ (○×) and はい/いいえ
  • understanding and responding to classroom instructions to play games, complete work or get ready for class, for example, たって　ください、すわって　ください、かいて　ください、みて　　ください、よんで　ください、きいて　ください。
  • requesting classroom objects, for example, noun　を　ください、えんぴつ　が　あります　か。 はい、どうぞ。
  • giving one another reminders such as しずかに、すわって, using appropriate gestures
  • participating in routine exchanges such as responding to the class roll and apologising for arriving late, for example, はい、います。Tia さん　は、いません。やすみ　です。おくれて　すみません。

  VCJAC111 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VC2M2N06

  use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving additive and multiplicative situations, including money transactions; represent situations and choose calculation strategies; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the context

  Elaborations

  • modelling practical problems by interpreting an everyday additive or multiplicative situation; for example, making a number of purchases at a store and deciding whether to use addition, subtraction, multiplication or division to solve the problem and justifying the choice of operation, such as ‘I used subtraction to solve this problem as I knew the total and one of the parts, so I needed to subtract to find the missing part’
  • modelling and solving simple money problems involving whole dollar amounts with addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, for example, ‘If each member of our class contributes $5, how much money will we have in total?’
  • modelling and solving practical problems such as deciding how many people should be in each team for a game or sports event, how many teams for a given game can be filled from a class, or how to share out some food or distribute money in whole dollar amounts, including deciding what to do if there is a remainder
  • modelling and solving the problem ‘How many days are there left in this year?’ by using a calendar
  • modelling problems involving equal grouping and sharing in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children’s instructive games; for example, in Yangamini from the Tiwi Peoples of Bathurst Island, representing relationships with a number sentence and interpreting and communicating solutions in terms of the context

  VC2M2N06 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Number

• VCASFU012

  Recognise the main formational elements of handshape, movement and location in Auslan signs, and understand that a sign is the same as a spoken or written word even though it can be iconic

  Elaborations

  • noticing the handshape of individual signs, and identifying signs that are made with a particular handshape, for example, COCKATOO (hs:5) and SOCCER (hs:fist)
  • recognising that signs are categorised by the handshape at the start of the sign
  • understanding that signs can be organised by handshape, for example in Johnston’s Auslan dictionaries or localised handshape dictionaries in schools, and that this is useful if an English word for a sign is not known
  • noticing the path movement of a particular sign and identifying signs associated with the major types of path movements, for example, THROUGH (forwards) or FULL (down to up)
  • noticing the five major locations of signs on the body or in space, and identifying signs associated with each, such as SEE (head/face), SAY (mouth/chin), WHY (chest), TALK (hand) and ONE (signing space)
  • understanding that sounds in English words are like handshapes, movements and locations in Auslan in the sense that they are combined together to make signs
  • recognising that some signs are iconic, linking to the appearance of a referent, for example, HOUSE, TREE, DRINK, ELEPHANT and that some are not, such as SISTER, WHY, SIMPLE
  • recognising that unlike English, which can be spoken or written, signed languages are not usually written down but occur ‘through the air’
  • experimenting with different methods of capturing the signed language, such as: a class-invented script, drawing pictures, videoing, English glosses or ASL-phabet

  VCASFU012 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU013

  Recognise that signing happens in a finite space that can be used meaningfully within individual signs, learning in particular how depicting signs, some verbs, pronouns and enacting make use of spatial relationships

  Elaborations

  • realising that meaning is communicated through the use of signs, pictures, written or spoken words or miming
  • describing the range of signing space in normal signed discourse
  • noticing that single-digit numbers can be separate lexical items or merged into other signs (numeral incorporation) such as those for ages (for example, 5-YEARS-OLD) or adverbs of time (for example, 3-WEEKS-AGO) or pronouns (WE3, WE4)
  • noticing that Auslan pronouns are different from English ones because they don’t show gender but they can show location and a specific number of referents, for example, WE2 (inclusive) and WE3 (inclusive) or WE2-NOT-INCLUDING-YOU (exclusive)
  • noticing that enacting a role or modifying the beginning and end locations of some verbs can show the referents involved, for example:
    PRO1 ASK PRO3 versus PRO1 ASK-_her
    PRO3 ASK-_me CA:I-was-shocked
    
  • identifying what sort of things can be represented in a DS by a particular handshape, for example a distant person, pole or tree can be represented by a point handshape, and a cylinder can be traced by a C handshape

  VCASFU013 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC127

  Participate in simple interactions with their peers and teachers using high-frequency signs, non-manual features and gestures to talk about self, family and class activities

  Elaborations

  • using greetings and farewells following modelled signs such as HELLO, HOW-ARE-YOU? SEE LATER, GOOD MORNING M-R J-O-N-E-S
  • asking and answering questions that require an affirmative or negative response, for example:
    WANT PLAY HIDE-AND-SEEK?
    Do you want to play hide and seek?
    PRO2 ALIGHT?
    Are you alright?
    
  • asking and answering simple questions about family, friends and pets, such as:
    PRO2 BIRD HAVE PRO2?
    Do you have a bird?
    PRO1 DON’T-HAVE
    I don’t have one.
    SISTER-BROTHER HOW MANY?
    How many brothers and sisters do you have?
    2 BROTHER 1 SISTER
    Two brothers and one sister.
    
  • describing the appearance of people or objects using simple statements and supporting pictures or props, for example:
    PRO3 HAVE DS:curly-hair
    He has curly hair.
    THAT HORSE BIG
    The horse is big.
    
  • expressing likes and dislikes using simple statements such as:
    PRO1 LIKE SCHOOL
    I like school.
    FLOWER DON’T-LIKE
    I don’t like flowers.
    PRO1 HATE APPLES
    I hate apples.
    
  • expressing feelings using lexical signs and affective NMFs, for example:
    PRO1 HAPPY
    I’m happy.
    PRO3 GRUMPY
    She’s grumpy.
    
  • expressing wishes for particular occasions or events, for example, THANK-YOU, GOOD-LUCK or HAPPY BIRTHDAY
  • making arrangements using simple time markers without numeral incorporation, for example, TODAY, TOMORROW, NEXT-WEEK
  • referring to family members and classmates by fingerspelling a name or using a sign name
  • describing what they are doing in class activities using plain verbs, for example, PRO1 RUN, PRO1 READ

  VCASFC127 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC001

  Communicate with teacher, peers and familiar adults in guided and free interactions that develop social and communicative skills

  Elaborations

  • interacting with others using greetings according to relationship, context and time of day, for example: HELLO, HOW-ARE-YOU? SEE LATER, GOOD MORNING M-R-J-O-N-E-S
  • asking and answering questions about families, friends, pets, routines or pastimes, for example:
    PRO2 ARRIVE SCHOOL HOW? CAR TAXI WALK G:WELL?
    How do you get to school?
    WHAT POSS2 FAVOURITE SPORT WHAT?
    What’s your favourite sport?
    POSS1 BIRTHDAY WHEN D-E-C
    My birthday is in December.
    
  • using everyday social exchanges such as thanking, apologising, expressing wishes or congratulations, for example:
    THANK-YOU HELP-_me
    Thank you for helping me.
    SORRY A-C-C
    I’m sorry, it was an accident.
    GOOD-LUCK POSS2 RACE
    Good luck for your race.
    
  • introducing themselves or a friend to class visitors, for example:
    HELLO POSS1 NAME G-A-V-I-N SIGN-NAME:GAVIN
    Hi, my name’s Gavin and this is my sign name.
    
  • supporting interaction when socialising with their peers, for example by indicating agreement or disagreement through nodding or head shaking
  • recounting personal experiences using specific time markers such as BEFORE, AFTER, LONG-TIME-AGO, YESTERDAY
  • recounting experiences shared as a class, such as excursions or special visitors, using appropriate sequencing of information
  • describing family members, friends or teachers in terms of physical appearance and characteristics, for example:
    PRINCIPAL YOU-KNOW SHORT LONG-HAIR GLASSES?
    You know the principal? She’s short, has long hair and wears glasses.
    POSS1 BROTHER OLD++ TALL SKINNY
    My brother is older; he’s tall and skinny.
    
  • comparing likes, dislikes and preferences, for example:
    PRO1 LIKE APPLE PRO1 DON’T-LIKE ORANGE
    I like apples but I don’t like oranges.
    
  • exploring different ways of expressing emotion through the use of NMFs and lexical signs, for example:
    PRO3 TEASE-_me
    She teased me.
    NOW PRO1 HAPPY BEFORE PRO1 CRANKY
    I’m happy now but before I was cranky.
    
  • sharing their opinions about classmates or classroom resources using evaluative language and superlatives, for example:
    S-A-M RUN FAST C-H-R-I-S WOW FAST SPEED
    Sam runs fast but Chris runs the fastest.
    THAT BEST COMPUTER
    That’s the best computer.
    
  • sharing information about personal experiences or recent events, using time markers that incorporate numerals, such as THREE-DAYS-AGO, NEXT-WEEK, LAST YEAR, IN-TWO-DAYS
  • referring to family members’ and classmates’ names using fingerspelling or sign names as appropriate
  • describing class activities using plain or indicating verbs, modifying the indicating verbs some of the time, for example:
    THERE SIT BOOK READ, FINISH PUT++
    Over there we sit and read books, and when we’re finished we put them away.
    PENCIL PRO1 GIVE++
    I’ll give out the pencils.
    
  • conversing with friends using appropriate turn-taking strategies
  • asking and answering questions related to time, place, number, days of the week, months and seasons, for example:
    WHY SHOULD LOOK-_left LOOK-_right BEFORE ROAD CROSS
    Why do we need to look left and right before crossing the road?
    ONE WEEK DS:length HOW-MANY DAY?
    How many days in a week?
    
  • describing relationships between members of their family or between classmates, for example:
    PRO3 POSS1 COUSIN WE2 GOOD FRIEND.
    She’s my cousin; we’re good friends.
    POSS3 FATHER PUNISH PRO3
    Her father punished her.
    

  VCASFC001 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising