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• VCITC030

  Compare experiences, noticing how these are influenced by language and culture and how readily they may be expressed in Italian

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on cultural differences between everyday life in Italy and Australia, for example, asking how their school day would change if they went to primary school in Italy or what they would find interesting about sharing a lunch with an Italian family, and why; and considering what they would tell a visiting Italian child about how their own family celebrates Christmas, and explaining their choices
  • noticing the influence of important events such as religious celebrations on childhood experiences (for example, le lezioni settimanali di catechismo, la Prima Comunione, andare alla Scuola Media) and connecting these to their own experiences
  • recognising similarities in the Italian and Australian schooling systems (for example, la maestra, l’aula, il cortile), and differences (for example, il bidello, la mensa, il giardino, le scale), and noticing that the Italian school day is different for cultural reasons
  • noticing similarities between Australian and Italian cultures in major celebrations like Christmas (l’albero di Natale) and Easter (l’uovo di cioccolata), as well as differences, for example, the presence of il presepe at Christmas, and the presence of la sorpresa dentro all’uovo di cioccolata at Easter
  • noticing how their own language use influences expectations about Italian language use, such as seeing word order as ‘back to front’, for example, la macchina rossa = the red car
  • discussing distinctive social and cultural practices such as celebrations, for example, Santo Stefano, Ferragosto, Carnevale or Pasquetta
  • considering messages in Italian children’s stories and making comparisons with own experiences, for example, Is that the same or different for me? What would I do or say in that particular situation?
  • considering own and others’ cultural assumptions about home, school and leisure, and how these may be different in an Italian context

  VCITC030 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCLVC153

  Participate in guided tasks that involve following instructions, making things, cooperating with peers, planning for and conducting shared events, activities or school performances

  Elaborations

  • participating in excursions with respected community members to experience story places or keeping places, listening to associated stories
  • visiting community centres, art centres or language centres and recording the experiences, for example, by developing a digital presentation or photo-story
  • working with respected community members to develop a short ‘Welcome to Country/Place’ and/or ‘Acknowledgment of Country/Place’ to use at formal school functions or community events
  • working together on collaborative tasks, such as designing posters, menus or invitations for special events, designing class bush tucker or a garden, creating picture books for buddy classes
  • interacting with respected community members/community speakers, following instructions, for example when making an artefact, creating an art work or preparing bush tucker, using hand signs as appropriate
  • participating in and sharing responses to local cultural events and celebrations
  • participating in national celebrations and significant events, for example, NAIDOC Week, Reconciliation Week, Harmony Day, labelling and captioning photos for a class display and sharing responses through class discussion
  • creating a skit, performance or action game to introduce a buddy class to aspects of the language and associated culture, for example, individual words, gestures or expressions associated with common exchanges such as introductions, items and artefacts
  • engaging in shared tasks which involve planning and collaborating, for example, preparing, rehearsing and conducting public presentations and performances, such as an item for a school assembly or a digital presentation about a significant event
  • giving directions, for example, to guide others to specific locations

  VCLVC153 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELA248

  Identify the effect on audiences of techniques, including shot size, vertical camera angle and layout in picture books, advertisements and film segments

  Elaborations

  • noting how the relationship between characters can be depicted in illustrations through the positioning of the characters (for example facing each other or facing away from each other), the distance between them, the relative size, one character looking up (or down) at the other (power relationships), facial expressions and body gesture
  • observing how images construct a relationship with the viewer through such strategies as: direct gaze into the viewer's eyes, inviting involvement, and how close ups are more engaging than distanced images, which can suggest alienation or loneliness

  VCELA248 | Curriculum content | English | Level 3 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCJAC137

  Notice how ways of communicating and behaving reflect identity and relationships

  Elaborations

  • using digital resources to create a self-profile such as an avatar or montage to exchange with a potential Japanese friend, selecting key words and simple expressions from word banks and modelled statements that capture their sense of themselves, and comparing their choices and how they think about their identity
  • sharing ideas about their family cultures, creating visual or digital representations of their families, friendship groups and communities, and listing key terms and expressions associated with each group
  • noticing and comparing their own and one another’s ways of communicating, identifying any elements that reflect cultural differences or influences of other languages, including those from the Asia region

  VCJAC137 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCKOC144

  Associate them selves with wider networks such as clubs, countries or language-speaking communities, and reflect on how being a Korean language user broadens these networks

  Elaborations

  • identifying various groups they belong to and reflecting on themselves as members of multiple groups
  • appreciating their additional identity as a learner of the Korean language and culture and their expanded role in their own network
  • creating own profile using spoken, written or digital forms of expression to identify roles in or memberships of various groups, including their identity as a person knowing more than one language
  • describing themselves as members of various groups by profiling themselves with drawings of their friends, family, class and school, naming them using 친구, 우리 가족, 우리 반 and 우리 학교

  VCKOC144 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCLVC159

  Translate simple texts from the language to English and vice versa, identifying elements which require interpretation rather than translation and involve cultural references

  Elaborations

  • using visual or print dictionaries, word lists and pictures to translate simple familiar texts such as labels, signs, captions, charts, posters, applying knowledge of grammatical rules and context, for example, by locating word stems or by removing affixes
  • translating texts, identifying culture-specific concepts and expressions that do not easily translate into English, for example, language related to artefacts, place names, landforms, kinship relations
  • explaining to others culture-specific words that do not easily translate, such as language associated with artefacts, implements and kinship terms of address
  • identifying words and phrases that have more than one literal meaning
  • explaining the meaning of art works and performances to others, including the use of symbolism

  VCLVC159 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCLVC155

  Gather, record and classify information from a range of sources from Country/Place, historical documents and contemporary resources

  Elaborations

  • finding out the origins of Indigenous names, for example, of streets, city parks, rivers, public institutions, social programs in their area
  • labelling, ordering and classifying natural objects from the environment according to Indigenous taxonomies
  • obtaining information from a variety of sources about the natural environment, for example, by listening to visiting respected community members, reading, viewing, consulting historical resources and photos, and presenting findings in chart, poster, table, graphic or digital form
  • reading, viewing or listening to simple texts such as posters, signs, historical documents, word lists, answering questions by selecting from options and filling in gaps
  • viewing a demonstration, for example, of cooking bush tucker, cooking in an earth oven, and recording key words/phrases related to processes associated with the collection and preparation of food
  • surveying peers and community members on different topics, for example, favourite television programs, video games, foods, football teams, sports or bands, after school activities/time spent in those activities, languages spoken; and presenting results in chart, graph or digital formats
  • labelling, drawing and matching inside and outside body parts
  • observing and reading signs of Country/Place with the guidance of respected community members/community speakers, for example, the presence of bees, dragonflies, changing colours of bark, different tracks, tides, seaweed dumps, regeneration of vegetation, special (warning) calls of birds, turtle mating, ripening of fruit, changes in the night sky; and recording these details through photos, pictures, diagrams, captions, simple descriptions and commentaries
  • classifying different types of plants/parts of plants and their uses, for example, what different parts are used for or which are poisonous, presenting findings in chart, poster, table, graphic or digital form
  • mapping Country/Place in various forms, for example, on paper, in sand or mud, labelling key topographical features and infrastructure and making simple statements about their locations in relation to other places, for example, east, west, near, far, other side of…
  • investigating and discussing where appropriate the meaning of personal and family names of Aboriginal origin
  • surveying and comparing healthy ways of eating, for example, by identifying what is available from the school canteen and listing which healthy foods they like to eat, recording and presenting results in chart, graph or digital format or by giving an oral presentation

  VCLVC155 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC124

  Present information in modelled spoken and written texts relating to personal, social and natural worlds

  Elaborations

  • introducing family members and friends, identifying relationships and cultural backgrounds (Das ist mein Opa. Er kommt aus China.), using simple descriptive language and supporting resources to enhance meaning
  • collecting information about one another’s likes, dislikes or interests, using checklists, surveys or question cues to present a class profile, chart or database, for example, Lieblingstiere, Lieblingssport, Lieblingsserie, Lieblingsmusik
  • selecting information gained from print, visual or digital texts to design a class book or digital display, for example, details of animals and their habitats and/or food from a zoo website or a children’s documentary film about wild animals (Der Affe wohnt im Dschungel)

  VCDEC124 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEU131

  Experiment with the pronunciation of vowel sounds, letter combinations and intonation patterns, and recognise and write high-frequency words and expressions in familiar contexts

  Elaborations

  • recognising and practising short and long vowel sounds, initial consonants and blends, for example, ja, rot, singen, Sport, Winter, zwei
  • recognising and using the Umlaut and Eszett to pronounce and write familiar German words
  • understanding that intonation patterns create different meanings, as in the distinction between statements, questions and exclamations (Du bist acht. Du bist acht? Du bist acht!)
  • encoding and decoding familiar German words using alphabetic knowledge of single letters, consonant clusters (sch) and vowel combinations (au, ei, eu, ie), applying learnt memory aids such as ‘when E and I go walking, the second one does the talking’

  VCDEU131 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIC029

  Talk about their individual and group sense of identity and how this is expressed through the different languages they use

  Elaborations

  • talking about how they feel when using English, Hindi or other languages and whether there are some things that feel more natural in one language than in the other
  • demonstrating gestures or behaviours that they feel ‘belong’ in Hindi but not in English or vice versa
  • sharing opinions about whether they have a different sense of identity when they are using different languages
  • creating drawings or photo displays that show their connections with family, friendship groups and communities, writing captions of words or phrases that they associate with each group
  • considering the importance to their identity of speaking Hindi to some people, such as older relatives or members of the wider Hindi-speaking community
  • observing themselves and reporting to each other how they use Hindi and English in different contexts and for different purposes, identifying favourite expressions or gestures in each language

  VCHIC029 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCJAC130

  Locate and process specific points of information in familiar types of written, spoken, multimodal and digital texts associated with people, places and objects

  Elaborations

  • finding examples of Japanese language at home or in the community to create a class collection, display or digital database of terms related to recipes, toys, gadgets or menus
  • viewing or listening to a simple community text such as a weather report, recognising key words such as はれ、くもり
  • identifying features of seasons and tracking the progress of seasonal weather changes on a map of Japan, for example, reports of さくら、つゆ、こうよう
  • gathering information about one another’s home life and activities, for example, by surveys on pets, sports, activities, families, or likes and dislikes, using graphs to display results
  • viewing or reading simple print or digital texts such as advertisements, catalogues, menus or packaging to locate key points of information in relation to elements such as product, number, price, target audience or capacity for recycling

  VCJAC130 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VC2M3M03

  recognise and use the relationship between formal units of time, including days, hours, minutes and seconds, to estimate and compare the duration of events

  Elaborations

  • estimating how long it would take to read a set passage of text, and sharing this information to demonstrate understanding of formal units of duration of time
  • planning a sequence of events based on estimates of the duration of each event; for example, planning a set of activities for a class party by estimating how long each game or activity will take
  • reading or setting the time on digital devices to the minute or second; for example, setting an online timing device to count down from a set time, or setting the time on a digital clock
  • using sand timers and digital timers to measure and check estimates of short durations of time, such as one minute, 3 minutes and 5 minutes
  • exploring how cultural accounts of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples explain cycles of time that involve the sun, moon and stars

  VC2M3M03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VCTRC028

  Explore their individual and group sense of identity and how this is expressed through the different languages they use

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating gestures or behaviours that they feel ‘belong’ with the Turkish language and are associated with their sense of identity, comparing with other gestures or behaviours that they identify with being Australian
  • talking about the relationship between identity and languages, creating drawings or photo displays that show their connections with family, friendship groups and communities, with captions of words or phrases that they particularly associate with each group, such as Dini bayramlarda aile ve akraba ziyaretleri, Arkadaşlarla oyun oynarken, Huzur evinde yaşlılara kitap okurken
  • discussing the importance to their own identity of speaking Turkish with some relatives, friends or members of the wider Turkish-speaking community
  • observing themselves and reporting to each other how they use Turkish and English in different contexts and for different purposes, identifying favourite expressions or gestures in each language
  • talking about how they feel when using English, Turkish or other languages and whether there are some things that feel more natural in one language than in the other

  VCTRC028 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCZHC131

  Gather and organise factual information from familiar sources about countries and places

  Elaborations

  • interviewing familiar people, such as parents, teachers, peers and community members, and appreciating their significance as sources of information about Chinese language and culture, identifying possible sources of information beyond the classroom, for example, 我可以问我的妈妈，因为她去过新加坡
  • gathering information by surveying family and friends about languages spoken, country of origin, or participation in cultural events and leisure activities, and displaying information on frequency charts
  • collating key information to share with others, such as summarising and sharing one aspect of a topic to contribute to a group response, for example, experiences of participating in organised activities involving aspects of Chinese culture (龙舟比赛;剪窗花)
  • making connections between images and charts and the content of texts, and identifying key words to locate information, for example, in the chapter titles of a book
  • identifying key structural words to assist in understanding information, for example, in a procedural text

  VCZHC131 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCASFC029

  Describe some ways in which Auslan and associated communicative behaviours are similar to or different from wider community spoken languages and forms of cultural expression

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on their observations of similarities and differences between ways of communicating in Auslan and in Australian English in different social situations, for example, when greeting/leave-taking, introducing people or using body language, facial expression and eye contact
  • considering the impact of the increased use of Auslan among their hearing peers when members of their school community are learning Auslan, and reflecting on their experience of interacting with these learners
  • comparing their own and each other’s reflections on the experience of learning and communicating in English as a second language
  • reflecting on similarities and differences in communication that relate to culture, such as the extent of incidental learning available to hearing children compared to deaf children through interaction with their external environment, for example by overhearing conversations or news on the radio
  • reflecting on the need for sustained eye contact when using Auslan in order to understand a message and before teacher instructions can proceed, and considering how this differs for hearing students in a spoken language environment
  • describing how it feels to use Auslan to communicate outside their inner circle or school, or to watch Auslan being used by others, for example by responding to questions such as What are the main differences you notice when observing a conversation between deaf people and one between hearing people?

  VCASFC029 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCASFU034

  Recognise that there is variation in Auslan use, for example in different locations or physical environments

  Elaborations

  • exploring similarities and differences in Auslan dialects through building webcam relationships with other schools or through identifying and collecting signs that differ in the ‘northern’ (NSW, Qld and ACT) and ‘southern’ (Vic., SA, WA, NT and Tas.) dialects, such as DINNER or AFTERNOON
  • recognising that variation also occurs in spoken languages and noticing some different words for the same thing in English, such as cossie/cozzie, togs or bathers
  • identifying Auslan signs or informal home signs that might be different from signs used by other people
  • considering adaptations to Auslan use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example, variations in vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs
  • recognising variation in adaptation of signing between different users of Auslan, for example, people who are deafblind use hand-over-hand signing and tactile fingerspelling

  VCASFU034 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCASFU035

  Develop awareness of the social and cultural nature and context of Auslan and other sign languages, of their different modes of expression and of the related issue of language vitality

  Elaborations

  • identifying different ways Deaf community members communicate with each other and with members of the wider hearing community, including face to face or via technology such as NRS or VRS, through social media, the use of English or the use of interpreters
  • describing the visibility and use of Auslan in the wider community, for example in television programs; on the news; at community events, sporting fixtures; and in emergency announcements
  • recognising that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ use of signed languages is culturally determined and shaped by their beliefs and values
  • exploring the vitality of Auslan and other spoken and signed languages, appreciating that a language with strong vitality is one used by many people in the home and other domains, across generations, to talk about most topics
  • understanding that some languages used in Australia such as English have large numbers of users, while others, such as many spoken and signed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, are endangered or in the process of being revived or reclaimed
  • understanding that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander signed languages arise from specific needs, for example, certain cultural restrictions on speech, or the presence of deaf people
  • identifying behaviours, rights, roles and responsibilities in relation to the ownership and maintenance of Auslan, and identifying how this ownership rests with the Deaf community and is determined by traditional social groupings/families, place, history and stories

  VCASFU035 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCASFU160

  Recognise that there is variation in Auslan use, for example in different locations or physical environments

  Elaborations

  • exploring similarities and differences in Auslan dialects through building webcam relationships with other schools or through identifying and collecting signs that differ in the northern (Qld and NSW) and southern (Vic., SA, WA and Tas.) dialects, such as DINNER or AFTERNOON
  • recognising that variation also occurs in spoken languages and noticing some different words for the same thing in English, such as cossie/cozzie, togs or bathers
  • identifying Auslan signs or informal home signs that might be different from signs used by other people
  • considering adaptations to Auslan use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example, variations in vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs
  • recognising variation in adaptation of signing between different users of Auslan, for example, people who are deafblind use hand-over-hand signing and tactile fingerspelling

  VCASFU160 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCGGK080

  The many Countries/Places of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples throughout Australia, and the custodial responsibility they have for Country/Place, and how this influences views about sustainability

  Elaborations

  • investigating how the Australian continent was (and still is) divided into many Aboriginal Countries and Torres Strait Islander Places, drawing on languages maps, geographical features and other sources such as Traditional Owners
  • compare the characteristics of two Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Countries/Places. For example, where students live and one elsewhere in Australia
  • exploring how oral traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were used to describe Country/Place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia and investigating how Aboriginal people were able to trade across the continent
  • investigating how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ ways of living were adapted to the resources of their Country/Place. For example, the alpine country of the Ngarigo People, the rainforests, beaches and dunes of the KuKu Yalanji People, the desert country of the Arrernte People, the savannah country of the Jawoyn People, the riverine plains of the Wiradjuri People, and the local Country/Place

  VCGGK080 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCIDC027

  Communicate in Indonesian using routine phrases and expressions, recognising that such language reflects cultural practices and norms

  Elaborations

  • recognising differences between Indonesian and English ways of showing politeness, for example, making requests and expressing gratitude (Tolong…, Terima kasih, Boleh saya…?), and recognising what may be viewed as impolite, such as pointing with the forefinger, folding arms, touching someone’s head, or blowing nose with handkerchief and keeping it in your pocket
  • trying out respectful gestures such as bending when passing between people, nodding while greeting others, and using a soft handshake when meeting others
  • participating in interactions associated with particular Indonesian practices, for example, etiquette associated with eating such as waiting to be invited to eat (Silahkan makan) and not eating with left hand
  • noticing how own language influences expectations about Indonesian language, for example, perceiving word order as ‘back to front’ compared to English, wanting to use one word for ‘you’, feeling the need to say ‘thank you’ often
  • discussing how Australian terms and expressions might be understood from an Indonesian perspective, for example, ‘bushwalking’, ‘kick a footy’ or ‘lamington’

  VCIDC027 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting