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• VCKOC137

  Identify topics and key points of factual information in short spoken, written, digital and multimodal texts related to familiar contexts, routines and interests

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about other people’s activities, for example, by surveying peers about weekend or daily activities, for example, 주말에 뭐 해요? 수영해요; 오늘 뭐 해요? 학교에 가요
  • compiling information and reporting it to others, for example, by making a shared class graph showing popular leisure activities
  • listening to short spoken texts with some unfamiliar language, identifying points of information, for example, the name and number on a recorded phone message, the age of a child interviewed
  • obtaining and using factual information from print, digital or multimodal texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCKOC137 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCLVC162

  Notice and describe ways in which the language and associated communicative behaviours are similar or different to other known languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • noticing how respect is shown to respected community members in the community, through practices such as terms of address and expressions of deference, and comparing to practices associated with other languages and cultures
  • noticing aspects of communication and cultural expression characterised or reflected in language stories, songs, visual design, dance or audio/visual media such as IndigiTUBE, and reflecting on/comparing their individual responses to these elements
  • comparing their own and each other’s reflections on the experience of participating in and learning the language, and considering whether their attitudes or understandings have in some respects changed through the experience
  • comparing observations about how interactions in the language feel different to interactions in English and other known languages, identifying different ways of socialising or communicating that seem to be culture-specific

  VCLVC162 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCLVC152

  Interact with peers, the teaching team and visiting respected community members about aspects of personal worlds, such as experiences at school, home, everyday routines, interests and activities

  Elaborations

  • describing self in relation to daily routines, family and friends, pastimes and aspects of school and home life
  • sharing and reflecting on learning experiences, such as visits, meetings, school and community activities with class members, using gestures, illustrations and graphics to support commentary
  • recounting specific events or experiences, using familiar and modelled language
  • asking and responding to questions to identify/describe features of people, plants, animals and items in the environment, for example, by referring to colour, size, number, location
  • talking about aspects of their personal worlds, such as interests and leisure activities
  • describing other people, such as family members, friends and teachers, for example, by identifying their kin relationship
  • showing interest in and respect for others, for example, by expressing praise or encouragement
  • expressing personal experiences and future plans, using modelled sentence patterns

  VCLVC152 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCZHU030

  Recognise that Chinese is spoken by communities in many countries

  Elaborations

  • investigating the use of Chinese in Australian communities and in countries and regions where diverse forms of Chinese are widely used, for example, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, USA
  • interviewing people in their community who speak Chinese, such as 妈妈的朋友, and finding out how the person learnt and used Chinese in their home country and in Australia, for example, ‘How did you learn to speak and write Chinese? Do you speak Chinese every day in Australia?’
  • recognising characters used in specific cultural events (for example, 福 in various forms of New Year decoration, such as paper cut-outs, folk art, couplets), and identifying how the form might change, for example, asking why 福 is sometimes presented upside dow

  VCZHU030 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCZHU028

  Use nouns, adjectives and simple sentences to record observations

  Elaborations

  • exploring basic sentence structure in Chinese, consisting of subject–verb–object, and learning to analyse sentences in both Chinese and English, for example, ‘What’s the subject in the sentence “My mum drives a car”? How about in the Chinese sentence 我看书? Do sentences work the same way in Chinese and English?’
  • recognising grammatical features and how their use differs in Chinese and English, for example, the lack of articles in Chinese; that adjectives can be used as verbs; limited use of the verb ‘to be’ (是)
  • following patterns of word order and sentence structure and using negation when creating sentences to express own meanings, for example, replacing the subject pronoun in 我喜欢绿色 to create the sentence 我妈妈不喜欢绿色

  VCZHU028 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHU032

  Identify how terms are used to indicate relationships and express aspects of culture that may be different from their own

  Elaborations

  • participating in exchanging good wishes in celebrations such as 龙年快乐, and comparing cultural practices of celebration from around the world
  • exploring the use of language and symbolic images during cultural events, and describing the cultural meaning represented, for example, looking at the use of the colour red during Chinese New Year and in good wishes of 红红火火 and asking why red is so widely used during celebrations in China; What is the cultural connotation of 红？
  • discussing possible reasons why Chinese family names are placed before given names, and exploring the cultural meaning of various Chinese names, for example, 静 ，明， 勇
  • exploring the more complicated Chinese kinship relationships, and learning to address family members with a title rather than by their given names, for example, drawing a family tree and labelling each member with their Chinese title

  VCZHU032 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | The role of language and culture

• VCLVC161

  Explore their own sense of identity, including elements such as family, friends, interests, membership of groups, and consider markers of identity that may be important across all cultures

  Elaborations

  • creating a class wall chart or family tree, labelling with appropriate kinship terms (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students may be able to source information about their totems/moieties and other affiliations from home, family and community sources)
  • investigating and discussing, as culturally appropriate, the meaning of personal, family and other names and their significance as markers of identity
  • working with respected community members to map community-wide links between families according to known kin links
  • designing visual representations, such as concept maps, posters or captioned slide presentations, of their group memberships, for example, friendship, family, sporting, interest and community groups, moieties, and discussing what such membership means to their sense of identity
  • creating a profile to capture their sense of personal identity, for example, through an avatar or montage, using key words and expressions and commenting on the significance of particular events, influences or interactions
  • considering how their individual upbringing and experiences impact on their assumptions/attitudes when participating in intercultural interactions, for example, in relation to notions of leisure/free time or family and community responsibilities
  • talking about ways local Aboriginal communities express elements of their shared identity, for example, through behaviours associated with sporting teams, distinctions between coastal versus inland communities, through community events and profiling of identities from their community
  • noticing and comparing their use of words or expressions from different languages when communicating in English and discussing how this relates to their sense of identity
  • monitoring their development as learners of the language, for example, by recording learning experiences, reflections in blogs, learning logs or journals
  • identifying markers of identity that may be important across all cultures, for example, family, community, location, language, age, gender
  • exploring the concept of collective identity by designing an item, such as a language flag or artefact, that incorporates elements of importance to the language/community

  VCLVC161 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Identity

• VCZHC017

  Interact with teachers and peers in social and class activities, exchanging ideas and opinions, using correct tones

  Elaborations

  • giving personal information, facts and opinions in response to questions about people and aspects of daily life such as pets (我的狗很可爱), interests, routines and activities
  • expressing opinions and commenting on personal experience using familiar expressions (for example, 很棒。 太好了。我不喜欢…), and turn-taking (该你了) in class games
  • contributing to class activities by asking for (我可以…吗？) and giving permission (可以), apologising and excusing (对不起), raising hand and using phrases such as 老师，我不懂 to request assistance in learning activities
  • initiating conversations in familiar social contexts by greeting participants and introducing themselves (for example, 你好，我叫James，我八岁，我住在悉尼), displaying appropriate social manners to enhance communication
  • giving information in response to questions such as 你的弟弟几岁？, and responding to turn-taking signals such as 该你了 or pauses
  • following the teacher’s instructions to participate in learning activities, for example, 我们听 Sam 说一说
  • reporting group activity results to each other and the teacher, for example, Michael 喜欢打篮球，Sophie 喜欢游泳

  VCZHC017 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCAMUR028

  Identify features of the music they listen to, compose and perform, and discuss the purposes it was created for, including the music of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, using music terminology

  Elaborations

  • identifying the features of music used in different contexts, and, using music terminology describe the ways in which it fulfils specific purposes in its composition and presentation
  • discussing the planning, developing or refining of aspects of music they are composing or preparing to perform and how their music has been influenced by music they have listened to or previously performed
  • evaluating compositions, performances and creative processes, for example, ‘how successfully did the group collaborate to communicate the intended ideas in the composition?’
  • comparing the expectations and requirements of performers and audience in different cultural and social settings and apply this learning in their own performances, for example, viewing a performance at a Tanderrum and talking with a representative from the local Koorie community about how the performance space is organised and using ideas from this conversation to plan how the performance space will be organised for their next performance
  • comparing music in their community to music of other cultures, times and locations, for example, ‘what clues in the music tell us where it was made, who made it and why? Do you use similar ideas in your music?

  VCAMUR028 | The Arts | Music | Levels 3 and 4 | Respond and Interpret

• VCDEC123

  Obtain and process information from peers and texts related to personal, social and natural worlds

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about a fellow student or German speaker relating to family, home, interests and abilities, and compiling the information in a modelled format, such as Steckbrief
  • obtaining information about lifestyles in German-speaking countries (homes, schools, climate, pets, geography) from shared and independent reading of simple digital texts
  • collecting information about different animal species (Haustiere, Wildtiere, Waldtiere, australische Tiere), and creating a display with names and appropriate adjectives, for example, Der Löwe ist mutig und stark.
  • identifying points of information in short spoken texts with some unfamiliar language, for example, the name and number on a recorded phone message, the age of a child interviewed, some items on a recorded shopping list
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, reading, viewing or listening to texts related to aspects of school life such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities and sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use factual information from texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCDEC123 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEU136

  Make connections between culture and language use, for example, by identifying vocabulary and expressions that reflect cultural values, traditions or practices

  Elaborations

  • comparing terms across German-speaking cultures, for example, Liebchen/Liebling, mein Schatz, Spitznamen
  • recognising that language carries cultural ideas, for example, Sommerbeginn, which is officially 1 December in Australia but 21/22 June in Europe; hitzefrei (‘heat-free’), referring to the practice of dismissing students early from school if a certain temperature is reached or forecast; or Wald, the setting in many German fairy tales
  • recognising character traits and values, such as those of animal characters in German stories, for example, the wolf in Rotkäppchen, and comparing them with familiar Australian stories
  • learning how to communicate about culture and language using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘difference’ and ‘behaviour’
  • discussing parallel expressions such as ‘G’day’/Tag, ‘morning tea’/Kaffeepause and ‘Bless you’/Gesundheit

  VCDEU136 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCESC130

  Gather and share information from peers and from texts relating to the Spanish-speaking world and to areas such as home, school, routines, responsibilities and interests

  Elaborations

  • surveying classmates, for example, about likes and dislikes, interests or favourite things (¿Cuál es tu videojuego/animal favorito? ¿Te gusta....? ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños (día/mes?)), tabulating the results and presenting the information in various formats such as pie charts, lists, tables or a shared class graph
  • collecting information from media and print resources about aspects of the Spanish-speaking world (different animal species, currency, indigenous languages/communities), presenting it to others in new ways such as creating a digital display or spoken, print or visual presentation with names, descriptions and captions, for example, la llama es blanca… La moneda de España es el euro... Los indígenas/aborígenes de Chile son los mapuches
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, by reading, viewing or listening to texts related to aspects of school life, such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities or sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use information from print, visual or digital sources related to other learning areas, for example, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geographical skills

  VCESC130 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESC137

  Explore own sense of identity, for example, by discussing membership of groups such as a club, a country or a language-speaking community, and how these elements of identity are reflected in language use

  Elaborations

  • talking about their own identity and language use and creating captioned representations of their membership of clubs or groups (Voy al club de los scouts, Mi equipo es el mejor), their country (nuestro país) or language-speaking community (en mi idioma…)
  • reflecting on their experience of learning and using Spanish, considering prompt questions such as: Does this feel unfamiliar? What does this mean to me? How is this different to my usual experience?
  • creating a self-profile, using captioned photos, slide presentations, online internal school Vokis or concept maps to highlight key characteristics, relationships and ways of using language, for example, Tengo nueve años; Vivo en Sídney. Estudio chino los sábados
  • using simple words and expressions selected from word banks and modelled statements to create personal profiles that highlight key characteristics and features of identity, for example, soy chino/a y australiano/a, Hablo chino, inglés y un poco de español. Soy muy valiente

  VCESC137 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCFRC020

  Make statements, ask questions and collaborate in shared tasks such as science experiments, cooking or craft activities, building collections or swapping items

  Elaborations

  • making simple recipes such as crêpes or croques monsieur, using imperative verb forms (ajoutez, mélangez, versez, servez) and vocabulary for ingredients and quantities (la farine, le beurre, le lait, 100 grammes, un verre de...)
  • creating own instructional or procedural tasks such as making a model or designing treasure hunts, for example, Où se cache le trésor?
  • playing games that involve active listening, memory or information exchange, for example, Jacques a dit, Jeu de 7 familles, Loto
  • working together in collaborative tasks such as designing a poster for a specific event, composing a menu or creating a picture book, sharing decisions about content, vocabulary and design, for example, ceci ou cela? qu’est-ce que tu préfères? là ou là? petit ou grand?
  • swapping or borrowing from each other’s language resources such as word lists to complete shared learning tasks, for example, building an action wall or making adjective-snake-sentences (le chien est: petit, noir, fatigué, triste; Maman est: grande, mince, belle, gentille)

  VCFRC020 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCHIU030

  Build phonic awareness and pronunciation skills through singing, reciting and experimenting with sounds; develop familiarity with the use of the under-dotted characters representing loan sounds in Hindi and conventions governing punctuation marks in written script

  Elaborations

  • creating an alphabet bank, collecting words beginning with each letter, for example, कमल, कसरत, कोयल।
  • imitating the discrimination of unaspirated and aspirated sounds, for example, क-ख, द-ध।
  • understanding that the sound and letter correspondence is the same in written and spoken Hindi, that there are no silent letters or more than one sound for any one letter, apart from the letters ह, य and व, whose pronunciation is influenced by their context
  • understanding that Hindi vowels can be pronounced with a nasal quality added to them which is represented by either a चंद्रबिंदु or a small dot (बिंदु) above the headstroke, for example, हाँ, मैं
  • recognising how to distinguish between nasal vowel sounds and nasal consonants, and the rules that govern how to represent nasal consonant combinations in words such as गंगा, पंजाब, ठंड/ठण्ड, बंद/बन्द and तुम्हारा
  • recognising that there are loan words in Hindi from languages such as English, Persian, Arabic, Turkish and Portuguese, and learning how the underdotted characters क़, ख़, ग़, ज़, फ़ are used to represent such loan sounds
  • recognising how pitch, stress and rhythm help to convey meaning even when individual words are unfamiliar

  VCHIU030 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDC021

  Obtain and share information from peers and texts related to family, home, routines and interests

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about activities of others, such as surveying peers about time spent on activities, for example, Berapa jam menonton televisi/membaca buku/bermain komputer/bermain olahraga/makan/belajar/tidur?
  • compiling information and reporting it to others, for example, making a shared class graph showing popular leisure activities during the year
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, reading, viewing or listening to texts related to aspects of school life such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities and sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use factual information from texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCIDC021 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCITU032

  Experiment with pronunciation and intonation and use rules of spelling

  Elaborations

  • developing pronunciation between sound blends in Italian in comparison to English, for example, sc followed by h or i/e (schiavo, piscine, pesce); letter combinations such as gn in lavagna and gnocchi, and gl in figlio and famiglia
  • learning to recognise the silent h as applicable to the verb avere and for borrowed words, for example, hockey, hotel
  • noticing the differences in intonation between statements, questions, exclamations and commands
  • understanding that an accent may change the meaning of the word, for example, è and e, il papà, il Papa
  • applying punctuation and capitalisation rules when writing, for example, omission of capitals with days of the week and months of the year

  VCITU032 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAC131

  Present factual information relating to familiar home, community and cultural contexts, using graphic and digital support such as photos, tables, lists and charts

  Elaborations

  • describing family members and friends, identifying relationships such as お母(かあ)さん, using simple descriptive, modelled language and supporting resources, for example, これ　は　わたし　の　お父(とう)さん　です。Ken　です。お父(とう)さん　は　やきゅう　が　すきです。お父(とう)さん　は　やさしい　です。
  • creating a display such as a chart, diorama, mini book or digital presentation to showcase elements of their Japanese language learning, for example, ぼく/わたし　の　ふでばこ、ぼく/わたし　の　かばん
  • labelling aspects of their daily routines, selecting captions or attaching word bubbles, including expressions of time, for example, waking in the morning with a clock displaying 七(しち/なな)じ and the words おはようございます。

  VCJAC131 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCLVU172

  Identify available resources and protocols to be followed when building language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and locating available language resources suitable for language building, for example, living speakers and rememberers, visual, aural and written documents, archival material
  • identifying the existence and location of keeping places for texts and resources as language is rebuilt, for example, in the community, national archives, purpose-built interpretative centres
  • understanding that there are protocols to be followed when building language, such as consulting and involving language owners who may want to determine how the language expands into new domains of use
  • discussing potential limits and constraints of school language programs in relation to building language
  • learning about language building efforts in their community and the role of particular groups in this process, for example, by visiting the local language centre, history museum or by inviting people involved in the process to talk to the class
  • identifying language revival programs in other regions and reporting on processes used and resources developed
  • finding examples of language revival in the categories of language revitalisation, language renewal and language reclamation, and consider what these examples contribute to the processes of language building
  • understanding how language revival serves to enrich Australia’s linguistic and cultural resources

  VCLVU172 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCLVU163

  Distinguish and produce the speech sounds of the language, understanding how these are represented in writing

  Elaborations

  • identifying meaningful sounds, syllables and morphemes in words and phrases
  • confirming sound–symbol correspondences in the language by reading syllables, morphemes and words for meaning
  • using conventions of the written language, for example, punctuation, capitalisation, diacritics, digraphs, to support links with the spoken language
  • identifying morphemes, words and phrases in speech and matching these with their written forms
  • paying attention to consistency in the spelling of the language, with direct reference to the sound system of the language
  • noticing variations in pronunciation of the same word by different speakers and discussing whether this can be reflected in the spelling of the word
  • recognising that in some cases the original sound/parts of the sound of some words in the language may be unknown, considering possible reasons for this
  • understanding that other languages may suggest historical pronunciations for the language
  • learning that very similar languages may have different spelling systems, and how this may mask similarities of their sound systems
  • recognising which speech sounds are not typical for the language, and which sounds are very common, identifying where these can occur in words
  • using knowledge of sound–symbol correspondences to read familiar and new words out aloud from their written forms
  • noticing the various roles of the speech organs in the production of sounds in the language, and comparing these with English and other known languages

  VCLVU163 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Systems of language