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• VCZHU155

  Recognise the contextual meanings of individual syllables or characters to assist comprehension and vocabulary development, and explain the form and function of components in individual characters, for example, 心,想,情,闷

  Elaborations

  • inferring the meaning of unfamiliar characters by identifying familiar semantic and phonetic components of compound characters, and using contextual clues to map the form of characters to sound and meaning
  • using digital tools to write a specific character, and finding out its pronunciation by using online dictionaries
  • writing characters with correct structure and proportion when writing with and without 田字格, and discussing issues with remembering and reproducing individual components in characters, for example, discriminating between characters such as 冒、昌…
  • exploring a range of fonts in digital form and personal styles of writing, and appreciating the aesthetic value of calligraphy, including 硬笔书法

  VCZHU155 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCFRC046

  Compare ways of communicating in Australian and French-speaking contexts, and identify ways that culture influences language use

  Elaborations

  • observing interactions between French speakers and comparing them with interactions in similar Australian contexts, for example, students in a school cantine selecting une entrée, un plat principal et un dessert; and people interacting in the street, in shops or at réunions de famille, using either tu or vous forms of address
  • exploring how children from French-speaking communities around the world use different words and expressions (for example, tchop for manger, chamboul for la chambre, n’damba for le football in Cameroun; le chum (tchomme) for le copain, and l’avant-midi for le matin in Québec), and considering why such variations exist
  • reflecting on instances when interactions in French have felt awkward or difficult (for example, using polite or gendered forms of language), and explaining why this might be the case for speakers of Australian English
  • planning a virtual or actual visit to a French school, and deciding on strategies for effective communication, for example, planning how to ‘read’ cultural information and to adjust own behaviour if required

  VCFRC046 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• Korean - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students engage in classroom interactions to carry out collaborative tasks, to exchange information and to express feelings and ideas related to specific contexts, personal interests and daily routines at home and school. They ask and answer questions with appropriate intonation...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• VCASFC167

  Convey information in different formats to suit different audiences and contexts

  Elaborations

  • assembling an information pack about their school to support newly arrived deaf students, including a signed glossary of key people and places and simple directions to navigate the school
  • creating a rehearsed digital report/reflection in Auslan for a school website on the experience of interacting with Deaf visitors
  • presenting information for Deaf visitors at a school open day about significant school or community events, such as festivals or sports carnivals
  • presenting information using visual support to engage the interest of the wider school community in a selected Deaf organisation or community activity
  • explaining a favourite game that can be played in Auslan or English, highlighting key Auslan terms and supporting information with pictures, gestures and demonstrations
  • planning, rehearsing and delivering short presentations about their use of Auslan in different contexts, taking into account context, purpose and audience
  • explaining a procedural text to the class, such as a recipe

  VCASFC167 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC142

  Share and compare responses to characters, events and ideas in imaginative texts, making connections with own experience and feelings

  Elaborations

  • producing a timeline of the main events of an imaginative text or creating a sociogram illustrating how the main character links with other characters
  • responding to a text such as a poem by selecting an appropriate image to illustrate an aspect (message, mood) and explaining choice, for example, Das ist die Sonne. Die Sonne ist heiß und gelb. Die Sonne scheint im Sommer. Ich bin glücklich, wenn die Sonne scheint.
  • using modelled structures such as Das Ende war lustig/traurig/blöd or Die Hauptperson war sehr mutig/schön/schlau to express a personal opinion on aspects of a text, such as the beginning, ending, plot and characters
  • creating storyboards to represent key events in different types of imaginative texts, including captions or word bubbles to capture moods or feelings, for example, using a digital cartoon tool

  VCDEC142 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCFRC042

  Share responses to characters, events and ideas in texts such as stories, cartoons or films, making connections with own experience and feelings

  Elaborations

  • creating storyboards to represent key events in different types of imaginative texts, including captions or word bubbles to capture moods or feelings, for example, la peur, le bonheur, l’étonnement
  • comparing favourite characters in plays, stories or cartoons, and listing words or expressions associated with their role or personality (for example, timide, gros, géant, minuscule, rigolo, belle) and explaining how they can relate to them
  • introducing a character from a story, cartoon or television series that reminds them of themselves, a close friend or a family member, using performative, narrative or graphic modes of presentation
  • responding to questions about characters, events or effects in different types of imaginative texts such as puppet shows, stories and films, using modelled language to express reactions, for example, c’est triste, j’ai peur, elle est folle!

  VCFRC042 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCICCD011

  Identify barriers to and means of reaching understandings within and between culturally diverse groups

  Elaborations

  • exploring language variation within Australia, such as the different terms for a swimming costume (togs, cozzies or swimmers), or the practice of using diminutives, such as Aussie (Australian), sanga (sandwich) and footy (football)
  • exploring potential barriers to intercultural understanding, language for example, and discussing possible ways to address or reduce barriers, such as Government agencies using translation services including Auslan and closed captioning
  • brainstorming a list of questions students might ask a student in another country, and then identifying whether any of the questions may be uncomfortable for the person asking or responding
  • using a current global issue to investigate a range of positive and negative cultural stereotypes and generalisations and identifying how they can be challenged
  • exploring the view of Australia as a successful multicultural country and discussing potential impacts of the strengthening or weakening of this view, for example, events that help to foster inclusiveness or that may trigger an increase in racial intolerance

  VCICCD011 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Cultural Diversity

• VCIDC045

  Share experiences of learning and using Indonesian, and comment on aspects that have been accepted or rejected and how this has impacted on own identity

  Elaborations

  • monitoring own development as a learner of Indonesian, for example, recording learning and reflections in blogs, learning log or journal
  • comparing with peers experiences of learning Indonesian, and considering any impact on own identity, for example, noting own reactions when others such as teachers or extended family ask about learning Indonesian
  • creating texts that express their own identity, including their identity as a learner of Indonesian (for example, personal emblem/motto, poster, profile, photo journal, or caricature/self-portrait), and reflecting on how these may be understood from an Indonesian perspective
  • considering how own upbringing and experiences impact on their assumptions in intercultural interactions (for example, notions of leisure and free time, pocket money, backyard with swimming pool), and whether these assumptions have changed in the process of learning Indonesian

  VCIDC045 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCJAU156

  Engage with authentic spoken language, recognising how words blend and understanding the relationship between sounds, words and meaning

  Elaborations

  • knowing how to pronounce all the sounds in the kana chart, including voiced and unvoiced sounds (てんてん and まる), combined and long vowel sounds and double consonants, for example, きって and りょうり
  • understanding that the sounds of hiragana and katakana are identical even though the associated scripts are different
  • knowing that the hiragana spelling of a particular particle does not match its pronunciation, for example, ‘wa’ for は , ‘e’ for へ, ‘o/wo’ for を
  • noticing that certain combinations of two moras make one rhythm unit (foot), for example, the copula です and the verb suffix ます

  VCJAU156 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC153

  Describe people, places, objects and everyday routines relating to school and home environments; express feelings and share interests and preferences

  Elaborations

  • exchanging experiences of everyday life and leisure activities using –해요/했어요 as a chunk, for example, 오늘 한국어를 공부해요 / 어제 영어를 공부했어요
  • sharing experiences and feelings such as weekend activities and likes/dislikes using 나/저도 …–어/아요 and 나/저도 …–었/았어요 as set phrases, for example, 나/저도 좋아요/좋았어요,나/저도 한국어를 공부해요/공부했어요
  • interacting via different modes of communication including class blogs or wikis to exchange personal information and to express opinions, for example, … 어때요/어땠어요?
  • recounting experiences with family and friends in speaking and writing, for example, in conversations, diaries or blogs (토요일에 저는 친구하고 쇼핑했어요.제니하고 웨스트필드에 갔어요 ...)

  VCKOC153 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCZHC150

  Create short narratives to express the experiences, thoughts and emotions of individuals in imagined contexts

  Elaborations

  • recounting an imagined encounter with a famous person, or reproducing a scenario where cultural misunderstandings create a humorous outcome
  • collaborating to create dramatic performances to retell classic Chinese stories, such as 《负荆请罪》, or famous stories in other cultures, such as 《丑小鸭》
  • creating narratives to describe imagined experiences, for example, a trip to China, including a visit with a homestay family or an adventure on the Great Wall, or the experiences of a Chinese student visiting Australia
  • creating stories in various literary styles (for example, 记叙文、散文、诗歌), experimenting with descriptive language to convey the intensity of characters’ emotions, and events , using written styles of language, for example 我看到好多漂亮的花，有粉红的，雪白的，真是太美了

  VCZHC150 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU148

  Identify and reproduce letter clusters, the digraphs/diphthongs, reproduce key features of intonation and pronunciation, experiment with the spelling of common words and apply basic punctuation rules

  Elaborations

  • applying different intonation for statements, questions, interjections, exclamations and commands, for example, Είναι εδώ, Τι κάνεις; Ποπό! Σταμάτα! Άντε! Κρίμα!
  • reading simple texts and highlighting digraphs/diphthongs, including ου, μπ, ντ, αι, ει, οι
  • applying and using accent marks on all words which have more than one syllable and on a few monosyllable words, for example, πού; πώς; ή, and recognising that the position of the accent mark can change the meaning, for example, μάτια, ματιά, γέρος, γερός
  • experimenting with spelling simple words, for example, the spelling of verbs in the first person ending in ω, verbs in the third person ending in ει, the most common noun and adjective endings including ος, ας, ης, οι, η, α, ες, ι, ο, α, plural articles οι, τα, for example, θέλω, θέλει, ο άντρας, οι άντρες, η ντομάτα, οι ντομάτες, το παιδί, τα παιδιά, καλός, καλή, καλό
  • applying phonic and grammatical knowledge to spell and write unfamiliar words
  • understanding and applying punctuation marks in writing, for example, full stop, comma, exclamation mark, apostrophe, speech marks and question mark

  VCELU148 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCVIC147

  Translate and interpret texts from Vietnamese into English and vice versa, noticing which words or concepts are easy or difficult to translate

  Elaborations

  • identifying words or phrases that are hard to translate, for example, food items (bánh chưng, bánh tét, bánh xèo, phở) or traditional customs (cúng ông bà, xin xăm, coi ngày, coi tuổi), and explaining possible reasons for difficulty of translation
  • translating and interpreting a range of simple texts, including idioms, from Vietnamese into English and vice versa, and developing strategies to deal with words that are difficult to translate, for example, tiên học lễ, hậu học văn, gần mực thì đen, gần đèn thì rạng/sáng, ăn vóc học hay
  • translating words and expressions in familiar texts, including multimodal and digital texts, such as greeting cards, menus, road signs or story titles, and considering how meaning may be interpreted from a different cultural perspective
  • comparing own translations of simple texts with peers’, commenting on differences between versions and collaborating to develop a whole-class version
  • exploring diverse ways in which meaning is conveyed in Vietnamese and English, such as multiple meanings of words, for example, ‘old’ may be translated as già or cũ, ngon as ‘tasty’, ‘delicious’, ‘mouthwatering’, ‘scrumptious’ or ‘rich’, and comparing synonyms for verbs, for example, ‘running’, ‘sprinting’, ‘dashing’, ‘jogging’ and chạy nhanh, chạy vụt, chạy bộ
  • examining the risks of literal (word-for-word) translation when translating expressions, idioms and proverbs, for example, ‘An eye for an eye’ should not be translated as Một con mắt cho một con mắt but as Ăn miếng trả miếng

  VCVIC147 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCZHC149

  Respond to popular stories and characters from Chinese folklore, sharing opinions on aspects of the storyline, characters and themes

  Elaborations

  • exploring various forms of Chinese popular culture in audio or visual media, including 流行歌曲、电影、电视剧、娱乐新闻, appreciating stylistic devices used in popular song lyrics, such as 重复, and comparing them to English songs
  • comparing popular performance across cultures and generations, evaluating performances with attention to the aesthetic values and the influence of Western and Asian popular culture, and comparing the content and language, for example, 我妈妈最喜欢的中文歌是…这首歌唱的是…我最喜欢的中文歌是… …内容和我妈妈喜欢的歌不一样
  • recognising the influence of traditional culture on modern popular entertainment, for example, considering the use of traditional instruments in popular songs, the composition of modern songs from well-known traditional poems such as 《水调歌头•中秋》, and the representation of traditional symbolic meanings such as 孝顺 (filial piety), 礼让 (out of courtesy or thoughtfulness) in modern performances
  • reading children’s literature, including fables and traditional stories; exploring values and morality tales such as the concept of 寓意 in 动画片，小人书; and comparing values and morals conveyed through texts across cultures, such as 凿壁偷光，塞翁失马 （你能找到英语中类似的说法吗？你觉得澳大利亚人理解这个故事的寓意吗？）
  • reading extracts from culturally significant children’s literature, discussing their personal responses to the characters and storyline, and writing a journal to relate the story to personal experience or express empathy for characters involved

  VCZHC149 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHC033

  Initiate interactions with peers and known adults to plan and organise social activities

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with language choices to convey emotions and attitudes such as excitement and interest when events or ideas are suggested, including making arrangements, welcoming, congratulating, complimenting and praising
  • exchanging information and opinions in class discussion, responding to questions such as 你喜欢运动吗？, and expressing agreement and disagreement with others’ opinions (for example, 对，我也很喜欢运动); making sure that other participants are included in interaction, for example, 我去过法国，你呢？
  • participating in role-plays relating to shopping scenarios, and specifying quantity or type of item when selecting from options, for example, 三斤苹果，一包糖
  • completing transactions by confirming prices (for example, 多少钱？五块八) and exchanging money, recognising Chinese currency
  • preparing performances celebrating important events in the Chinese calendar to present at school assemblies to raise community understanding of aspects of Chinese culture, such as a taiji performance, a lion dance, or a Spring Festival song such as 《恭喜恭喜》
  • assisting in organising and hosting visitors from a sister school or guest speakers to raise school community awareness of the importance of learning Chinese
  • seeking permission from the teacher or peers to participate in activities or to be excused, for example, 我可以去喝水吗？
  • responding to the teacher’s questions with actions or answers (for example, answering the question 懂了吗？), and requesting or borrowing items from others using appropriate language such as 我想看看你的书，好吗？

  VCZHC033 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCARU152

  Explore the origins of Arabic and how it has been influenced by and influences other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising that the Arabic alphabet has similarities with the Aramaic alphabet system (alpha being the first letter, and beta the second), and that the Arabic ordering system أ؛ب؛ج؛د is based on the Aramaic alphabet
  • understanding that many words in Arabic are borrowed from indigenous languages of the Arabic-speaking world, such as Assyrian, Aramaic and Syriac, Phoenician and Berber, for example, أب؛ رأس؛ دم؛ أخ؛ أخت؛ شمس؛ لسان؛ أنا؛ أنت؛ هو؛ نحن؛ كلب؛ بيت؛ سمع؛ كتاب , and regional languages such as Persian, Turkish and Kurdish, for example, بوظة؛ دولاب؛ دولمة؛ بسطرمة؛
  • exploring the meaning of famous names of people and places and reflecting on their origin and on naming systems, such as

    بابل؛ بحرين؛ سوريا؛ بيت لحم؛ موصل؛ لبنان؛ أور؛ بيروت ؛

  • investigating the influence of Arabic on other languages such as Berber, Kurdish, Amharic, Tigrinya, Persian, Pashto, Urdu, Punjabi, Portuguese, Sindhi, Tagalog, Turkish, Spanish, Hindi, Swahili, Somali, Malay and Indonesian, for example, the Arabic word for ‘book’كتاب is used in most of the languages listed
  • identifying languages that were derived from Arabic, for example, Maltese and Nubi

  VCARU152 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDSTC036

  Investigate the role of food preparation in maintaining good health and the importance of food safety and hygiene

  Elaborations

  • using the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating food model and government-endorsed food policies to plan food choices
  • describing and using safety guidelines for food storage and preparation at home and school, for example, use and care of chopping boards, methods of preparing and storing fruits and vegetables to ensure optimum quality and nutrient content, identifying food safety considerations when bring lunches from home to school
  • experimenting with tools, equipment, combining ingredients and techniques to create food products or meals for selected groups for healthy eating taking into consideration environmental impacts and nutritional benefits
  • considering traditional and contemporary methods of food preparation used in a variety of cultures, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander methods
  • identifying work practices that show an understanding of nutrition, environmental considerations, hygiene and food safety when creating a food product, for example, washing fruit and vegetables carefully to remove residues, safe disposal of cooking oils to avoid environmental damage, refrigerated storage of highly perishable foods

  VCDSTC036 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Technologies Contexts | Food specialisations

• VCELC142

  Listen to, read and view imaginative spoken, written, digital or multimodal texts and respond by expressing ideas and opinions about the storyline and characters

  Elaborations

  • responding to stories, myths, fables and films, using modelled language to describe themes, characters and actions, for example, Είναι σε βάρκα, είναι σε σπηλιά, είναι τέρας, είναι πόλεμος, ο ήρωας κέρδισε
  • producing storyboards, using digital technologies, to represent key events in different types of imaginative texts, including captions or word bubbles to capture moods or feelings, for example, Μου αρέσει, Δε μου αρέσει
  • introducing and comparing favourite characters in stories, myths, fables and films, listing associated key words or expressions, for example, O Οδυσσέας είναι γενναίος. Η Κίρκη είναι μάγισσα. Φοβάμαι. Είναι φοβερό τέρας.
  • commenting on elements of humour and drama, and the use of sound effects and facial expressions relating to the characters depicted in stories, myths and fables, for example, Φοβάμαι, είναι αστείο, γελώ με ...

  VCELC142 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCJAU157

  Recognise some single and whole word katakana and develop the ability to use hiragana and kanji in a single text

  Elaborations

  • reading and writing all hiragana (including voiced, combined and long vowel sounds and double consonants) using the kana chart
  • learning that kanji were brought from China and that hiragana was formed by simplifying the form of kanji, while katakana was formed using a part of kanji
  • learning to apply the basic principles of stroke order to write all hiragana and high-frequency kanji such as 月、日、木、人
  • recognising frequently used katakana words such as オーストラリア
  • reading and writing words, phrases and sentences using kana, for example, わたし　の　本、これ　は　かぞく　です。
  • understanding the use of basic Japanese punctuation marks such as まる(。) and てん(、), and katakana long vowel marks, for example, in a student’s name such as ルーク
  • understanding the use of furigana as a reading aid

  VCJAU157 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCTRU050

  Understand that the Turkish language has evolved and developed through different periods of influence from other languages, cultures and changes

  Elaborations

  • identifying loan words and phrases used in particular domains, such as food, music or social media, discussing how the Turkish language and associated behaviours reflect contemporary and global influences, for example, the use of web sitesi, rap yapmak, fast food, part time, single
  • understanding causes and effects of historical developments and reforms to the Turkish language, such as changes implemented under the leadership of Atatürk and changing the script from Arabic to Latin in 1928
  • understanding that languages constantly expand to include new words and expressions, due to influences such as changing technologies, digital media and intercultural exchange, for example, e-posta, yazıcı, tarayıcı, çevrimiçi; and that they sometimes lose terms or expressions which have no relevance to current contexts, such as karatahta, telgraf, arzuhalci
  • identifying how loan words are incorporated into Turkish by changing the spelling to fit Turkish pronunciation and the principles of great vowel harmony, for example, mektup, kalem, sandalye, polis

  VCTRU050 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change