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• VC2M5P02

  conduct repeated chance experiments, including those with and without equally likely outcomes, and observe and record the results; use frequency to compare outcomes and estimate their likelihoods

  Elaborations

  • discussing and listing all the possible outcomes of an activity and conducting experiments to estimate the probabilities (for example, using coloured cards in a card game and experimenting with shuffling the deck and turning over one card at a time) and recording and discussing the results
  • conducting experiments, recording the outcomes and the number of times the outcomes occur, and describing the relative frequency of each outcome; for example, using ‘I threw the coin 10 times, and the results were 3 times for a head, so that is 3 out of 10, and 7 times for a tail, so that is 7 out of 10’
  • experimenting with and comparing the outcomes of spinners with equal coloured regions compared to unequal coloured regions; and responding to questions such as ‘How does this spinner differ to one where each of the colours has an equal chance of occurring?’, giving reasons
  • comparing the results of experiments using a fair dice and one that has numbers represented on faces more than once, explaining how this affects the likelihood of outcomes
  • using spreadsheets to record the outcomes of an activity and calculate the total frequencies of different outcomes, representing these as a fraction; for example, using coloured balls in a bag, drawing one out at a time and recording the colour, and replacing them in the bag after each draw
  • investigating Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children’s instructive games (for example, Diyari koolchee from the Diyari Peoples near Lake Eyre in South Australia), to conduct repeated trials and explore predictable patterns, using digital tools where appropriate

  VC2M5P02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Probability

• VC2M5P01

  list the possible outcomes of chance experiments involving equally likely outcomes and compare to those that are not equally likely

  Elaborations

  • discussing what it means for outcomes to be equally likely and comparing the number of possible and equally likely outcomes of chance events; for example, when drawing a card from a standard deck of cards there are 4 possible outcomes if you are interested in the suit, 2 possible outcomes if you are interested in the colour or 52 outcomes if you are interested in the exact card
  • discussing how chance experiments that have equally likely outcomes can be referred to as random chance events; for example, if all the names of students in a class are placed in a hat and one is drawn at random, each person has an equally likely chance of being drawn
  • commenting on the chance of winning games by considering the number of possible outcomes and the consequent chance of winning
  • investigating why some games are fair and others are not; for example, drawing a track game to resemble a running race and taking it in turns to roll 2 dice, where the first runner moves a square if the difference between the 2 dice is zero, one or 2 and the second runner moves a square if the difference is 3, 4 or 5, and responding to the questions ‘Is this game fair?’, ‘Are some differences more likely to come up than others?’ and ‘How can you work that out?’
  • comparing the chance of a head or a tail when a coin is tossed, whether some numbers on a dice are more likely to be facing up when the dice is rolled, or the chance of getting a 1, 2 or 3 on a spinner with uneven regions for the numbers
  • discussing supermarket promotions such as collecting stickers or objects and whether there is an equal chance of getting each of them

  VC2M5P01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Probability

• VCLVC152

  Interact with peers, the teaching team and visiting respected community members about aspects of personal worlds, such as experiences at school, home, everyday routines, interests and activities

  Elaborations

  • describing self in relation to daily routines, family and friends, pastimes and aspects of school and home life
  • sharing and reflecting on learning experiences, such as visits, meetings, school and community activities with class members, using gestures, illustrations and graphics to support commentary
  • recounting specific events or experiences, using familiar and modelled language
  • asking and responding to questions to identify/describe features of people, plants, animals and items in the environment, for example, by referring to colour, size, number, location
  • talking about aspects of their personal worlds, such as interests and leisure activities
  • describing other people, such as family members, friends and teachers, for example, by identifying their kin relationship
  • showing interest in and respect for others, for example, by expressing praise or encouragement
  • expressing personal experiences and future plans, using modelled sentence patterns

  VCLVC152 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCCCTQ022

  Experiment with alternative ideas and actions by setting preconceptions to one side

  Elaborations

  • using set brainstorming rules such as deferring judgment, or building on the ideas of others, as part of a small group creating a Rube Goldberg machine
  • identifying and then setting aside preconceptions on the impact of consumer choices, to consider other perspectives from the broader community
  • exploring how to set preconceptions aside by constructing an opposing view, for example writing a paragraph about their favourite book or movie and preparing possible ideas to oppose their original view

  VCCCTQ022 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCECU011

  Examine how problems may contain more than one ethical issue

  Elaborations

  • exploring the nature of an ethical dilemma in which there is a choice to be made between at least two options, none of which gives an ethically acceptable result, for example, choosing who to put in a lifeboat when there are limited places, or whether someone should tell the shop owner that they their friend is shop-stealing expensive medicine for their poverty stricken mother, or, whether to stop and help someone and miss an entrance exam, or whether to quit a sport team in a small town knowing that then there will not be enough players and the team will fold
  • investigating a problem such as responding to a natural disaster and identifying the ethical issues involved immediately and into the future
  • researching an historical example such as Batman’s 'treaty' and its validity, identifying the different ethical issues involved and from whose point of view

  VCECU011 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding Concepts

• VCECD012

  Explore the significance of ‘means versus ends’ by considering two ways to act when presented with a problem: one that privileges means and one ends

  Elaborations

  • investigating a choice such as posting an image of a friend and justifying why someone should or should not post the image, in terms of means and ends
  • responding to a range of ethical dilemmas and comparing responses that focus on means (where the most important consideration is the action itself, such as being honest regardless of the consequences) and responses that focus on ends (where the most important consideration is the likely outcome, such as making someone happy even if it means lying to them)
  • analysing the position 'the end justifies the means' and the tension between means and ends in different contexts, for example, experimentation on people or other animals, the collection and use of data, making consumer decisions, selecting/training teams in sport or making civic decisions such as removing homeless people from areas during an event

  VCECD012 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Decision Making and Actions

• VCDEU152

  Understand why language is important and recognise that languages and cultures change over time and influence one another

  Elaborations

  • exploring the function of language in social and educational life, for example, listing and discussing how, where and why they use language in the course of a day
  • discovering some of the English words used by German speakers (das Internet, die App, Stopp!, Sorry!) and considering if they are the same kinds of words as those borrowed from German by English
  • understanding that German, like all languages, is constantly expanding to include new words and expressions in response to changing intercultural experiences, for example, Fast Food, Fairness

  VCDEU152 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELA323

  Understand the difference between main and subordinate clauses and that a complex sentence involves at least one subordinate clause

  Elaborations

  • knowing that the function of complex sentences is to make connections between ideas, such as: to provide a reason (for example 'He jumped up because the bell rang.'), to state a purpose (for example 'She raced home in order to confront her brother.'), to express a condition (for example 'It will break if you push it.'), to make a concession (for example 'She went to work even though she was not feeling well.'), to link two ideas in terms of various time relations (for example 'Nero fiddled while Rome burned.')

  VCELA323 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCHHK095

  The stories and perspectives of people who migrated to Australia, including from one Asian country, and the reasons they migrated

  Elaborations

  • investigate migration programs to Australian since World War II
  • comparing push and pull factors that have contributed to people migrating to Australia, for example, economic migrants and political refugees
  • exploring individual narratives using primary sources, for example, letters, documents and historical objects, interviewing and recording an oral history, dramatising the journey and circumstances of arrival based on the sources
  • describing cultural practices related to family life, beliefs and customs of newly-arrived migrant groups and comparing these with those of the communities in which they settled within Australia
  • connecting stories of migration to students’ own family histories (where appropriate)

  VCHHK095 | The Humanities | History | Levels 5 and 6 | Historical Knowledge | Australia as a nation

• VCHIC047

  Compare their experiences of moving between Hindi and English, considering advantages and challenges involved in using more than one language

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the experience of being bilingual or multilingual, identifying ways in which they draw upon different language and cultural resources to make meaning
  • identifying benefits of knowing more than one language and considering whether moving between languages affects their sense of identity or ‘belonging’
  • comparing their family cultures, considering how their family and community life shape their sense of identity and how culture is reflected in their daily activities and interests
  • evaluating their ability to communicate across and through different languages and to use their language and cultural skills in Hindi and English to best effect
  • comparing observations about how interacting in Hindi feels different to interacting in English, identifying ways of socialising or communicating that they see to be culture-specific

  VCHIC047 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VC2M5N02

  express natural numbers as products of their factors, recognise multiples and determine if one number is divisible by another

  Elaborations

  • using a certain number of blocks to form different rectangles and using these to list all possible factors for that number; for example, 12 blocks can form the following rectangles: 1 × 12, 2 × 6 and 3 × 4
  • researching divisibility tests and explaining each rule using materials; for example, using base-10 blocks to test if numbers are divisible by 2, 5 and 10
  • using divisibility tests to determine if larger numbers are multiples of one-digit numbers; for example, testing if 89 472 is divisible by 3 using 8 + 9 + 4 + 7 + 2 = 30, as 30 is divisible by 3 then 89 472 is a multiple of 3
  • demonstrating and reasoning that all multiples can be formed by combining or regrouping; for example, multiples of 7 can be formed by combining a multiple of 2 with the corresponding multiple of 5: 3 × 7 = 3 × 2 + 3 × 5, and 4 × 7 = 4 × 2 + 4 × 5

  VC2M5N02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Number

• VCMNA184

  Solve problems involving division by a one digit number, including those that result in a remainder

  Elaborations

  • using the fact that equivalent division calculations result if both numbers are divided by the same factor
  • using rounding and making estimates for computations
  • interpreting and representing the remainder in division calculations sensibly for the context

  VCMNA184 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA183

  Solve problems involving multiplication of large numbers by one- or two-digit numbers using efficient mental, written strategies and appropriate digital technologies

  Elaborations

  • using rounding and making estimates for computations
  • exploring techniques for multiplication such as the area model, the Italian lattice method or the partitioning of numbers
  • applying the distributive law and using arrays to model multiplication and explain calculation strategies

  VCMNA183 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCELC144

  Translate simple texts from Greek to English and vice versa, identifying words and expressions that do not always translate literally and may have more than one meaning

  Elaborations

  • comparing translations of written texts from English into Greek and from Greek into English, such as advertisements, websites, food packaging and menus, and considering how meanings may be interpreted from a different cultural perspective
  • translating simple sentences into Greek, noticing that there is not always word-for-word equivalence when moving between English and Greek or vice versa because of word order or multiple meanings, for example, Κρυώνω, Ζεσταίνομαι, Κάνω μπάνιο, Βρέχει, Ο μπαμπάς μου δεν είναι ψηλός.
  • recognising that some Greek words cannot be translated into English without losing some of the meaning, or cannot be translated using only one word, for example, το φιλότιμο
  • identifying and explaining expressions and idioms in Greek that do not make sense when translated word-for-word, for example, Χρόνια Πολλά, Και του χρόνου , Τα μάτια σου δεκατέσσερα, Καλό χειμώνα!
  • recognising that some words have many different meanings, for example, the multiple meanings of γεια σου (hello, goodbye, cheers, bless you) and είναι (he is, she is, it is, they are, is, are)

  VCELC144 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCJAC147

  Participate in everyday classroom activities and routines such as asking how to say or write something, asking for help or repetition, praising or complimenting one another, thanking, apologising and expressing preferences

  Elaborations

  • taking on different roles and responsibilities in the classroom (当番(とうばん)), such as taking the roll, identifying the day of the week, describing the weather or acting as monitor, for example, 本(ほん)　を　ください。ノート　を　ください。(どうも)　ありがとう。
  • doing 日直(にっちょく), taking turns to lead the class in routines such as opening and closing lessons, for example, きり,つ れい、ちゃくせき, using appropriate gestures
  • indicating that something is either correct or incorrect using はい (>そうです) 。 ちがいます。
  • using appropriate language, actions and gestures to participate in interactions such as interrupting or asking for clarification, for example, 先生、すみません。 ちょっと　わかりません。 ゆっくり　(おねがいします) 。

  VCJAC147 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VC2M5N06

  solve problems involving multiplication of larger numbers by one- or two-digit numbers, choosing efficient mental and written calculation strategies and using digital tools where appropriate; check the reasonableness of answers

  Elaborations

  • solving multiplication problems such as 253 × 4 using a doubling strategy, for example, 2 × 253 = 506 and 2 × 506 = 1012
  • solving multiplication problems like 15 × 16 by thinking of factors of both numbers, 15 = 3 × 5, 16 = 2 × 8, and rearranging the factors to make the calculation easier, 5 × 2 = 10, 3 × 8 = 24 and 10 × 24 = 240
  • using an array to show place value partitioning to solve multiplication, such as 324 × 8, thinking 300 × 8 = 2400, 20 × 8 = 160, 4 × 8 = 32 then adding the parts, 2400 + 160 + 32 = 2592; and connecting the parts of the array to a standard written algorithm
  • using different strategies used to multiply numbers, and explaining how they work and if they have any limitations; for example, discussing how the Japanese visual method for multiplication is not effective for multiplying larger numbers

  VC2M5N06 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Number

• VC2M5N01

  interpret, compare and order numbers with more than 2 decimal places, including numbers greater than one, using place value understanding; represent these on a number line

  Elaborations

  • making models of decimals including tenths, hundredths and thousandths by subdividing materials or grids, and explaining the multiplicative relationship between consecutive places; for example, explaining that thousandths are 10 times smaller than hundredths, or writing numbers into a place value chart to compare and order them
  • renaming decimals to assist with mental computation; for example, when asked to solve 0.6 ÷ 10 they rename 6 tenths as 60 hundredths and say, ‘If I divide 60 hundredths by 10, I get 6 hundredths’ and write 0.6 ÷ 10 = 0.06
  • using a number line or number track to represent and locate decimals with varying numbers of decimal places and numbers greater than one and justifying the placement; for example, 2.335 is halfway between 2.33 and 2.34, that is, 2.33 < 2.335 < 2.34, and 5.283 is between 5.28 and 5.29 but closer to 5.28
  • interpreting and comparing the digits in decimal measures, for example, the length or mass of animals or plants, such as a baby echidna weighing 1.78 kilograms and a platypus weighing 1.708 kilograms
  • interpreting plans or diagrams showing length measures as decimals, placing the numbers into a decimal place value chart to connect the digits to their value

  VC2M5N01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Number

• VCNRC042

  Translate simple texts from the language being studied to English and vice versa, identifying words and expressions that do not always translate literally and may have more than one meaning

  Elaborations

  • comparing translations of written texts such as advertisements, websites, food packaging and menus, and considering how meanings may be interpreted from a different cultural perspective
  • translating simple sentences, noticing that there is not always word-for-word equivalence
  • recognising that some words cannot be translated into English without losing some of the meaning, or cannot be translated using only one word
  • identifying and explaining expressions and idioms that do not make sense when translated word-for-word
  • explaining to the teacher, peers and family how some words may have many different meanings

  VCNRC042 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCVIC144

  Present ideas and information related to topics of interest in a range of formats, including digital presentations, for different audiences

  Elaborations

  • presenting information in graphs or tables in print or digital form, for example, results from a class survey on preferred leisure activities, foods or idols; or statistics related to Vietnam and Australia, such as population and physical size, climate, number and types of dwellings, pet ownership or most popular leisure activities
  • explaining to others a procedure or practice, for example, community recycling, a recipe, fashion or health-care tips, a tutorial on the rules of a sport or game, or instructions on keeping a pet
  • presenting information in a range of texts, including multimodal and digital texts, for different audiences, for example, a recount of the Year 5 camp for a school newsletter, an invitation to parents to attend the Year 6 information evening, or a review of the latest movie for peers
  • sharing information with peers or family members in Vietnamese-speaking communities overseas, for example, via a video clip or an online blog or wiki, introducing aspects of local culture, including interesting places, people and lifestyle, for example, phương tiện giao thông, cuộc sống của người thành thị và nông thôn, xã hội đa văn hóa

  VCVIC144 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• Mathematics Version 2.0: Level 5 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 5, students use place value to write and order decimals including decimals greater than one. They express natural numbers as products of factors and identify multiples and divisors. Students order and represent, add and subtract fractions with the same or related denominators...

  Level description | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5