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• VCGGC099

  Explain processes that influence the characteristics of places

  Elaborations

  • explaining the physical causes and the temporal and spatial patterns of an atmospheric or hydrological hazard through a study of either droughts, storms, tropical cyclones or floods
  • exploring the geomorphology of the land and how this affects the liveability of a place
  • contrasting the effects of geomorphic processes that lower the land surface (weathering and erosion) and those that raise the land surface (transportation and deposition)
  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do

  VCGGC099 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCRAC058

  Create individual and shared texts about imagined people, places and experiences, in order to entertain others

  Elaborations

  • creating texts to entertain peers and younger audiences, for example, digital big books, short films with subtitles, comics, plays, posters for a film or websites for a fan club
  • creating the next scene, a new character or an alternative ending for fiction texts in the language such as a story, drama or film script
  • participating in spontaneous plays based on scenarios such as meeting a favourite celebrity, appearing on a television show or living in a past era
  • composing simple songs, jingles, posters and advertisements for real and imaginary situations or products

  VCRAC058 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCASFU193

  Develop knowledge of additional elements of the Auslan grammatical system, analysing indicating verbs, depicting signs and constructed action

  Elaborations

  • noticing that meaning is created in Auslan from fully-lexical signs, partly-lexical signs and non-lexical CA and gesture
  • recognising that signers can use locations for present referents, non-present referents, or abstract referents that do not exist in space
  • recognising that nouns can be pluralised by locating them repeatedly regardless of their original location
  • distinguishing between directional and locational indicating verbs

  • recognising that handshape and movement represent different things in each type of DS, for example:

    • entity DSs: the handshape is an object or person, and the movement is the movement or location of that object or person
    • handling DSs: the handshape represents a person’s hands touching or moving another object, and the movement shows how the hands move
    • SASS DSs: the handshape and movement outline the shape or size of something
  • observing instances of CA in a text and discussing how it was marked

  VCASFU193 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHC086

  Respond to simple narratives and create short texts about imagined characters and events

  Elaborations

  • creating digital stories by producing labels for pictures, photos and cartoons in combination with sound, voice and music to convey a sequence of events in imagined contexts
  • reading jokes or cartoons in Chinese and discussing how humour is conveyed through words and the presentation of ideas, comparing this to humour in English and discussing whether ‘entertainment’ means the same thing in different languages and cultures
  • reading short texts such as comics and cartoons, and matching labels and speech to the characters to convey ideas and emotions, for example, using euphemistic phrases to capture the emotions and reactions of characters (真的吗？真倒霉！哎呀！)
  • plotting a storyline, considering: Who is the main character? How can I make this character interesting to readers? How can I sequence my story to grab the reader’s attention?

  VCZHC086 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHU064

  Compare and reflect on how cultural contexts influence the way language is used within and across communities

  Elaborations

  • identifying the things they take for granted in communication (for example, a shared understanding of gesture, body language and nuances), and reflecting on how these aspects may be interpreted differently by others
  • discussing how language use varies between communities, and reflecting on how communication is shaped by a community’s geographical location, languages and cultures, for example, 计算机 / 电脑， 哪儿 / 哪里
  • reflecting on how particular words of cultural significance may be interpreted differently by others, for example, ‘mate’ in Australian context and 兄弟 in Chinese context
  • inferring the relationship of participants in a spoken interaction by observing word choices and gestures, for example, 老张 / 张校长/张小明, and asking: What titles and terms of address are used for individuals in Chinese? How do these titles compare to English practices?

  VCZHU064 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | The role of language and culture

• VCDEU017

  Understand that language use is shaped by and reflects the values, ideas and norms of a community

  Elaborations

  • investigating connections between language and significant cultural values or practices in Australia and German-speaking countries, for example, individual rights, shared social responsibility, respect for the environment, Reconciliation, anti-racism, ‘fair go’
  • developing language to analyse and explain the nature of the relationship between language and culture, using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘perspective’, ‘values’, ‘assumptions’ and ‘difference’
  • examining examples of cultural representation in language, symbols and behaviour, such as die Märchenstraβe, (lack of) speed limits on the Autobahn, national flags, and the ‘visibility’ of the European Union through placement of its logo (for example, on car numberplates)
  • recognising that there are different and/or multiple expressions that communicate ideas across cultures, for example, when describing Brot or school excursions (Klassenfahrt, Wandertag)
  • exploring how origin, geography and religion are directly connected to lifestyle, daily practices and language use, for example, Recycling, Kaffee und Kuchen, Wandern, religious/public holidays, choice of Fremdsprachen offered in schools
  • participating in guided discussion on the nature and role of ‘culture’ and its relationship with language, with reference to German, English and other known languages

  VCDEU017 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCASFC185

  Present information on different events or experiences to inform, report, promote, instruct or invite action

  Elaborations

  • creating signed announcements to inform members of the school community about events such as a Deaf theatre performance or National Week of Deaf People
  • reporting on their own and others’ experiences of shared events, such as school camps, holidays or concerts
  • developing a signed news report or public announcement to inform or alert an imagined audience of a recent or impending natural disaster
  • providing instructions in an engaging or entertaining style to create interest in a group activity such as a maths game or signing choir
  • creating digital clips or social media posts designed to persuade, inform or invite response on an issue of relevance to young people of their age

  VCASFC185 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCCCTQ034

  Synthesise information from multiple sources and use lateral thinking techniques to draw parallels between known and new solutions and ideas when creating original proposals and artefacts

  Elaborations

  • identifying how scientists collaborate and may use natural forms as an inspiration to solve a problem, for example using the structure of humpback whale fins to develop and improve wind turbines
  • creating a set of words and images of simple objects that can be shuffled, selected at random and linked to the problem at hand, to stimulate thinking when experiencing a creativity block
  • discussing how acquiring data from a range of sources can improve the range of proposed digital solutions
  • investigating the similarities between algorithms used for different purposes, and synthesising this information into a more general algorithm for broader applications

  VCCCTQ034 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCGRCU015

  Reflect on self as a language learner, considering how learning Classical Greek influences ways of learning and enhances understanding of own heritage, values and culture

  Elaborations

  • exploring own sense of identity, considering own and others’ assumptions about family, language(s) spoken, traditions, values and attitudes
  • considering how learning about the ancient world offers different ways of interpreting the modern world and representing experience
  • keeping a journal of experiences (humorous, satisfying or challenging) associated with learning and using Classical Greek, noting personal reactions and reflections over time
  • considering how learning Classical Greek has impacted on own approaches to learning across subjects, such as setting realistic timeframes, computational thinking
  • reflecting on the experience of learning Classical Greek, considering how it might add a further dimension to own sense of identity
  • reflecting and reporting on how learning Classical Greek gives insights into the relationship between language and culture in general, and how own way of thinking about language, culture and identity may change through the experience

  VCGRCU015 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Reflecting

• VCLAU015

  Reflect on self as a language learner, considering how learning Latin influences ways of learning and enhances understanding of own heritage, values and culture

  Elaborations

  • exploring own sense of identity, considering own and others’ assumptions about family, language(s) spoken, traditions, values and attitudes
  • considering how learning about the ancient world offers different ways of interpreting the modern world and representing experience
  • keeping a journal of experiences (humorous, satisfying or challenging) associated with learning and using Latin, noting personal reactions and reflections over time
  • considering how the strategies adopted while learning Latin have impacted on own approaches to learning across subjects, such as setting realistic timeframes, computational thinking
  • reflecting on the experience of learning Latin, considering how it might add a further dimension to own sense of identity
  • reflecting and reporting on how learning Latin gives insights into the relationship between language and culture in general, and how own way of thinking about language, culture and identity may change through the experience

  VCLAU015 | Languages | Latin | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Reflecting

• VCASFU103

  Recognise and restrict signing to the standard signing space, and understand that particular signs, depicting signs, some verbs, enacting and pronouns make use of spatial relationships

  Elaborations

  • describing the range of signing space in normal signed discourse
  • recognising that non-body-anchored nouns can be located in the signing space and identifying instances of this
  • noticing that Auslan pronouns are different from English because they don’t show gender but they can show the location and a specific number of referents, for example, WE2 (inclusive) and WE3 (inclusive) or WE2-NOT-INLCLUDING-YOU (exclusive)
  • noticing that a point can refer to a person, place or thing
  • noticing that enacting a role or modifying the beginning and end locations of some verbs can show the referents involved, for example:
    PRO1 ASK PRO3 versus PRO1 ASK-_her
    PRO3 ASK-_me CA:I-was-shocked
    
  • identifying what sorts of things can be represented in a DS by a particular handshape, for example a distant person, pole or tree can be represented by a point handshape, and a cylinder can be traced by a C handshape

  • distinguishing between entity, handling or SASS DSs by looking at what the handshape represents in each type:

    • entity: the handshape is an object or person
    • handling: the handshape represents a person’s hands touching or moving another object
    • SASS: the handshape traces the shape or size

  VCASFU103 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCVIC161

  Convey information and ideas on different topics or events, describing and comparing views, experiences and aspects of culture, using different modes of presentation for particular audiences and contexts

  Elaborations

  • creating texts for a Vietnamese-speaking audience, using different forms and modes of presentation to enhance effect, for example, creating a digital presentation with visual and audio effects to introduce a famous tourist attraction or preparing a video clip of a cooking demonstration
  • investigating a social, environmental or cultural issue such as cyber bullying or cultural maintenance and presenting the findings summarising opinions, attitudes and comments collected from surveys, interviews or media sources
  • creating a range of texts to inform others of features of Vietnamese and Australian lifestyles, family life, schooling, and social and cultural norms, for example, an email in response to a Vietnamese friend’s enquiry about Australian schooling or leisure activities, a review to promote a Vietnamese restaurant, an advertisement to promote a new product, or a blog entry reflecting on the differences between Australian and Vietnamese foods or eating etiquette
  • delivering speeches or writing emails or letters to friends or relatives describing and analysing differences and similarities between the lives of Vietnamese and Australian teenagers, providing a balanced view of the lives and interests of teenagers in each country, referring to different perspectives from a range of resources and making connections with own or peers’ experiences
  • reporting in the form of a personal recount or diary entry a personal experience such as a school excursion, a holiday trip or a local cultural event, for example, a Moon festival

  VCVIC161 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCIDC058

  Compose individual and shared texts about imagined people, places and experiences, in order to entertain others

  Elaborations

  • creating texts to entertain peers and younger audiences, for example, digital big books, short films with subtitles, comics, wayang plays, posters for a film or websites for a fan club
  • creating the next scene, a new character or an alternative ending for Indonesian fiction texts such as a story, drama or film script
  • participating in spontaneous plays based on scenarios such as meeting a favourite celebrity, appearing on a television show or living in a past era
  • composing simple songs, jingles, posters and advertisements for real and imaginary situations or products, such as advertising an Australian product for the Indonesian market

  VCIDC058 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• Chinese - Background Language Learner - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students extend their writing skills to include more persuasive language and more formal genres. They participate in presentations on topics studied, and initiate discussion through enquiry. Students begin to compare their own pronunciation to modern standard spoken Chinese. They also explore...

  Level description | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence

• Design and Technologies: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8 students explain factors that influence the design of solutions to meet present and future needs. They explain the contribution of design and technology innovations and enterprise to society. Students explain how the features of technologies impact on designed solutions and...

  Level description | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8

• Geography: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students explain processes that influence the characteristics of places. They identify, analyse and explain interconnections and spatial characteristics and identity and explain their implications.

  They compare strategies for a geographical challenge, taking into account...

  Level description | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8

• Italian - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students consolidate their understanding and use of regular forms and familiar grammatical structures. They expand their understanding through noticing variation and non-standard forms, for example, dialects used in the local community. They also notice exceptions to rules, for example, irregular...

  Level description | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence

• Roman Alphabet Languages - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students interact using the language in classroom routines and communicative tasks. They give presentations and participate in dialogues, with preparation and some support, such as cue cards. They respond to short texts, locating specific details and meaning. Students extend the range and quality...

  Level description | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence

• Visual Communication Design: Levels 7 and 8 description

  In Levels 7 and 8, students research and investigate the practices and viewpoints of designers in the creation of visual communications and gain an understanding of how to visually communicate ideas to an audience. They experiment and develop their skills in creative, critical and reflective thinking...

  Level description | The Arts | Visual Communication Design

• VCSIS111

  Use scientific knowledge and findings from investigations to identify relationships, evaluate claims and draw conclusions

  Elaborations

  • identifying data that provides evidence to support or refute the hypothesis being tested
  • drawing conclusions based on a range of evidence including from primary and secondary sources

  VCSIS111 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Analysing and evaluating