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• VCARU029

  Understand rules of pronunciation and intonation and writing conventions, and apply these to own constructions to enhance meaning and aesthetic effect

  Elaborations

  • distinguishing the pronunciation of (الشدة) and (التنوين )
  • using the rhythms of the Arabic language, including intonation, tone and stress, to increase fluency and enhance expression
  • recognising that certain letters in Arabic appear in different variations, for example, ت؛ ة
  • applying spacing rules between words and using their knowledge of writing conventions to expand on ideas in written texts
  • making choices in relation to the use of punctuation such as ( ؛) and adjusting the flow of ideas, increasing text cohesion and enhancing expression
  • recognising the need for pauses or changes of tone in complex sentences with embedded clauses
  • understanding that there are variations in both spoken and written Arabic across different countries and regions, and analysing the reasons for such variations, for example, سوريا/سورية؛ ناديا/نادية؛ فاديا/فادية
  • noticing how tone can convey emotions and shade meaning, such as distinguishing between colloquial or formal language, for example, حقًا؟ يا إلهي! تعال إلى هنا حالاً!
  • using Arabic pronunciation and spelling rules when listening to and reading authentic texts, and evaluating their own spelling and pronunciation in relation to their understanding and expression

  VCARU029 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCARC022

  Convey ideas and viewpoints from a range of perspectives to various audiences in familiar contexts using different modes of presentation

  Elaborations

  • informing others about an issue of interest and upcoming events in texts such as notices and newspaper announcements, for example,

    إعلان هام؛ تحتفل الجالية العربية بعيد الأم في إحتفال كبير في الحديقة العامة يوم السبت القادم؛ الدكتورة ريم ستلقي محاضرة عن الشباب والمستقبل في الجامعة

  • producing texts such as letters, emails and speeches to convey information and personal viewpoints on topics connected to personal experiences, for particular purposes and audiences
  • organising information for an Arabic-speaking audience, for example, creating a presentation comparing different cultural perspectives on a particular topic or a video recording of a cooking demonstration
  • reporting on own and others’ experiences, such as holiday trips or school camp, and comparing own experiences with others’ using expressions such as

    بالنسبة لي الرحلة كانت ممتعة بينما أغلبية التلاميذ شعروا بالملل؛ بالرغم من الساعات الطويلة التي قضيناها في الطريق إلا إنني لم أشعر بالتّعب لكن أصدقائي كانوا متعبين

  • creating a video clip to present information or ideas to a particular audience, such as a virtual tour of the school or the neighbourhood for prospective students and their parents
  • conveying information relating to significant events, people or places in different formats, such as a poster for a concert, a profile of a famous Arabic actor, or a digital guide to a place of interest
  • creating a group presentation of ideas and words and expressions relating to aspects of lifestyle, for example,

    الرّياضة ضرورية للصحة؛ المأكولات السريعة وأضرارها؛ الألعاب الإلكترونية وتأثيرها السلبي على العائلة

  VCARC022 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCARC004

  Listen to, read and view a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts; identify, sequence and classify key points of information such as details about people and events; and use the information in new ways

  Elaborations

  • listening to and viewing texts such as stories, songs, notices or video clips and identifying key points of information, using intonation and visual cues such as gestures and facial expressions to assist understanding
  • identifying letters, words and phrases in written Arabic, for example, titles, labels and captions
  • participating in shared reading of print and digital texts such as short stories or other texts relating to familiar events and contexts, using pictures, intonation and contextual cues to predict meaning and identify key information
  • locating and sequencing information used to describe people and events, for example,

    البنت تدرس؛ الولد يساعد أمه؛ الأب ينظف الحديقة؛ في الصباح أمي تحضر الفطور؛ في المساء أبي ينظف السيارة

  • responding to questions that elicit details such as colour, quantity and place about participants and objects, for example,

    ما لون الفستان ؟ لون الفستان أحمر؛ ما لون المقلمة؟ لون المقلمة أحمر

    كم عدد الأقلام؟ كم كتابا يوجد هنا؟ يوجد أربعة كتب

    أين تعمل أمك؟ تعمل أمي في المستشفى؛ يدرس أخي في المدرسة

  • classifying and categorising information gained from others, such as favourite foods and places to visit, for example,

    سالم يحب التبولة؛ عادل يحب الدجاج؛ سعاد تفضل الخضار؛ علي يحب كرة القدم؛ ماجد يفضل السباحة؛ رامي يفضل العزف على الغيتار

    تحب البنات الموسيقى بينما الأولاد يحبون الرياضة

  • listening to short spoken texts with unfamiliar language, and identifying specific details, for example, the name and number on a recorded voice message

    مرحباً

    إسمي سهام

    اود التكلم مع سامر بخصوص الإمتحان

    أرجو الإتصال بي على الرقم 0456566777

  • gathering information about other peers’ activities through conducting interviews about weekend activities and selecting specific information to use in a short report

  VCARC004 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCARU152

  Explore the origins of Arabic and how it has been influenced by and influences other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising that the Arabic alphabet has similarities with the Aramaic alphabet system (alpha being the first letter, and beta the second), and that the Arabic ordering system أ؛ب؛ج؛د is based on the Aramaic alphabet
  • understanding that many words in Arabic are borrowed from indigenous languages of the Arabic-speaking world, such as Assyrian, Aramaic and Syriac, Phoenician and Berber, for example, أب؛ رأس؛ دم؛ أخ؛ أخت؛ شمس؛ لسان؛ أنا؛ أنت؛ هو؛ نحن؛ كلب؛ بيت؛ سمع؛ كتاب , and regional languages such as Persian, Turkish and Kurdish, for example, بوظة؛ دولاب؛ دولمة؛ بسطرمة؛
  • exploring the meaning of famous names of people and places and reflecting on their origin and on naming systems, such as

    بابل؛ بحرين؛ سوريا؛ بيت لحم؛ موصل؛ لبنان؛ أور؛ بيروت ؛

  • investigating the influence of Arabic on other languages such as Berber, Kurdish, Amharic, Tigrinya, Persian, Pashto, Urdu, Punjabi, Portuguese, Sindhi, Tagalog, Turkish, Spanish, Hindi, Swahili, Somali, Malay and Indonesian, for example, the Arabic word for ‘book’كتاب is used in most of the languages listed
  • identifying languages that were derived from Arabic, for example, Maltese and Nubi

  VCARU152 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCARU133

  Understand that familiar spoken and written Arabic texts, such as conversations and stories, have particular features and structures relating to different purposes and audiences

  Elaborations

  • noticing differences between different types of texts in Arabic, for example, comparing a verbal recount of a well-known fable with the written text, or a text message with a phone call, an email with letter
  • recognising how elements of texts in print, digital and online formats, such as title, layout, illustrations and size of script in a Big Book, combine to make meaning
  • identifying and comparing the features of different types of texts, observing similar patterns and identifying differences, for example, the opening and signature in an email and a letter, a description in a story and a diary entry
  • classifying a range of texts in print, digital and online formats, such as stories, digital greeting cards, recipes, advertisements (print and online versions) and posters, according to their purpose(s), for example, to entertain, to describe, to inform or to persuade, and recognising language features typically associated with particular texts, such as the use of imperatives in recipes and time markers in stories

  VCARU133 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCARU184

  Understand the relationship between purpose, audience, context, linguistic features, and the textual and cultural elements associated with different types of texts, such as persuasive, argumentative and expository texts

  Elaborations

  • analysing how language choices help achieve particular purposes and effects in particular types of texts, such as descriptive language in documentaries; reflective language in personal blogs, diary or journal entries, including digital diaries; and persuasive language in advertisements and speeches
  • analysing a range of expository texts such as news reports and feature articles, identifying language features and any elements of bias or objectivity
  • discussing and evaluating how language is used to express ideas and justify opinions in texts such as debates or segments of a talk show on topical issues of interest to teenagers
  • identifying and discussing the use of diacritics in texts for decorative purposes such as book titles, letter heads and nameplates
  • examining a range of spoken and written texts, discussing similarities and differences in and connections between context, purpose and audience, and what the texts reveal about social relationships and processes, for example, reflections of status, authority, or concepts of respect and politeness

  VCARU184 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Arabic - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 description

  Students use appropriate pronunciation, rhythm and intonation in communication and interaction, and apply accurate spelling and punctuation in a range of written texts. They gain greater control of grammatical elements, such as word order, a range of tenses, conditional and subjunctive moods,...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence

• VCARU014

  Identify the structure and textual features of a range of personal, informative and imaginative texts, and recognise how these contribute to meaning

  Elaborations

  • understanding that texts in Arabic can be short or long, spoken, written, digital, visual or multimodal, for example, labels, stories, signs, songs and captions
  • understanding that texts have a purpose, for example, train timetables indicate the time the train arrives or departs the station, recounts describe past events and experiences, greeting cards convey feelings, and labels tell us information about an item
  • recognising how elements of texts such as the title, layout and the size of the script all combine to make meaning
  • identifying and comparing the features of different types of texts, observing similar patterns and identifying differences, for example, the opening and the signature of an email and a letter, a description in a recount and in a diary entry
  • identifying the purpose, context and audience of a range of familiar texts, for example, songs, poems, short plays and video clips
  • comparing texts on a common topic, for example, a print report, a television report and an internet announcement about an accident, and discussing how features of texts assist in making meaning
  • describing key features of different types of texts and discussing audience and purpose, for example, a shopping list serves as a reminder to self to purchase particular items, while a permission note seeks permission to do or have something
  • analysing how different types of texts in Arabic create specific effects through the use of different language features, for example, the use of superlatives in advertisements designed to persuade, or the use of repetition for emphasis in speeches

  VCARU014 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCARC128

  Produce bilingual texts and resources, including digital and online resources such as digital picture dictionaries, posters and signs, for their class and school community

  Elaborations

  • producing a parallel bilingual word list or digital picture dictionary by identifying known Arabic words or expressions and relating them to English equivalents, and vice versa, recognising that direct translation is not always possible
  • composing captions for images in Arabic and English to create simple bilingual storybooks in print or digital formats
  • creating texts in print, digital or online formats, such as descriptions in both Arabic and English on familiar topics, selecting from word lists vocabulary that best conveys the intended meaning in both languages
  • creating simple action songs and raps which include alternative repetitive phrases in Arabic and English, to perform for the school community

  VCARC128 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• Arabic - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use written and spoken Arabic to initiate and sustain classroom interactions with others, to exchange views, for example, السباحة رياضة ممتعة؛ أعتقد أن السفر مفيد جدا , and express feelings such as أشعر بالفرح؛ بالسعادة عندما ألعب رياضت المفضلة؛ عندما أعزف الموسيقى ....

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• Arabic - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students use written and spoken Arabic to initiate, sustain and extend formal and informal interactions with the teacher, peers and others in a range of settings. They use language spontaneously to respond to others, seek and give advice for example, كيف أستطيع أن ...؛ أعتقد أ...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10

• Arabic - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use written and spoken Arabic to exchange information about their personal worlds and to express feelings, likes and dislikes. They use formulaic language for a range of classroom functions and processes, such as asking and responding to questions, following instructions...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCARC161

  Translate and interpret texts from Arabic into English and vice versa, compare own translations with others’, discuss differences and possible reasons and alternatives, and make language choices that best convey equivalent meaning

  Elaborations

  • translating and interpreting texts from Arabic into English and vice versa, using print and online dictionaries, and translation tools or programs, and experimenting with interpreting unknown words or expressions, reflecting on challenges associated with transferring meaning from one language to another
  • comparing own and others’ translations of the same text, commenting on differences and similarities between versions and considering possible reasons for these
  • translating and interpreting texts, using print and online dictionaries, and translation tools or programs, identifying culturally specific vocabulary, for example, عفواً؛ سلامتك؛ , and expressions, such as ألف مبروك الحمد لله على السلامة؛ نشكرالرب؛, and discussing the translation process relating to choice of words that best reflect the meaning, equivalence and contextual appropriateness
  • paraphrasing English words or expressions that have no specific equivalent in Arabic, such as ‘mufti day’ or ‘fundraiser’, and annotating them in order to convey their intended meaning

  VCARC161 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCARC025

  Translate and interpret texts from Arabic into English and vice versa, compare own translations and interpretations with others’ and discuss reasons for differences

  Elaborations

  • translating existing texts and experimenting with unfamiliar words or expressions, reflecting on challenges associated with transferring meaning from one language to another
  • comparing one another’s translations of the same text, commenting on differences and similarities between versions and considering possible reasons for these
  • translating texts, identifying culture-specific vocabulary and expressions, such as والله ولي التوفيق؛ تقبل فائق الإحترام , discussing strategies for choosing words that best reflect the intended meaning and context
  • paraphrasing English words or expressions that have no specific equivalent in Arabic, such as ‘mufti day’ or ‘fundraiser’, and annotating them in order to convey their intended meaning
  • reflecting on the difficulty of achieving equivalence in translations of creative texts such as poems, songs and film clips, identifying words and phrases that require particular elaboration or explanation
  • experimenting with interpreting in English popular expressions, proverbs or idioms in Arabic, and reflecting on the social and cultural values that may be embedded in them
  • analysing existing translations of texts, such as film subtitles, comparing them with own translation, and reflecting on why translations may vary

  VCARC025 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCARU148

  Understand patterns of intonation and pronunciation, including the way vowels soften and extend sounds, and apply appropriate conventions to their writing

  Elaborations

  • understanding that vowel marks influence the way words are pronounced, for example,

    أكلتُ التفاحة؟ أكلتِ التفاحة؛ المدرسةُ واسعة/في المدرسةِ

  • discriminating between the use of alif, waaw and yih as either consonants or long vowels in words, for example,

    سال الدم من يد سعاد/سأل الولد المعلمة

  • applying pronunciation rules when speaking and reading aloud, for example,

    ؛ المدة والشدة؛ والتنوين ؛ والياء المقصورة والتاء المربوطة والطويلة مُ/عَ/لِّ/مة؛ تِ/ل/ميذ…

  • recognising the different ways of pronouncing the long vowel ا, for example, ندا؛ ندى؛ لذا؛ لدى؛ متى؛ فتى, and writing the long vowel ء, for example, شيء؛ قراءة؛ مسؤول
  • applying phonic knowledge to spell unfamiliar words, for example,

    جِئتُ؛ آكل؛ شيء

  • applying accurate spelling in familiar words, phrases, sentences and texts

  VCARU148 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCARU134

  Understand that Arabic as a spoken language varies according to region and country and that meaning can be influenced by gestures, tone and purpose

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on how they communicate with their family and friends and with people less close to them, noticing differences in word choice, language use and communicative behaviour
  • understanding that Arabic as a language has a standard form called اللغة العربية الفصحى , which is mainly used in writing, and a range of spoken dialects that differ greatly from region to region, for example, Lebanese, Egyptian, Sudanese and the Iraqi and Gulf regional dialects
  • understanding how differences in gestures and tone are used to change the meaning of spoken text, and how the purpose of interaction, such as to instruct or invite, changes the emphasis on words and expressions being used

  VCARU134 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCARU165

  Understand and apply rules of intonation and pronunciation in spoken texts, and apply writing conventions with increased accuracy in written texts

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Arabic sentences can be separated by commas and that a paragraph may only have one full stop at the end
  • understanding that the marks used in the Arabic script such as التنوين؛ الشدة ؛المدة influence pronunciation and meaning in words and sentences, for example, أمل /آمال؛ دعوة/دعوى
  • using the rhythms of the Arabic language, including intonation, tone and stress, to increase fluency and enhance expression
  • applying spacing rules between words and using their knowledge of writing conventions to expand on ideas when writing short texts
  • making choices in relation to the use of punctuation such as (؛) and adjusting the flow of ideas by enhancing text cohesion and expression

  VCARU165 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Arabic - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Arabic to exchange personal information and describe people, places and ideas related to their personal experiences and social activities such as celebrations for example, أذهب مع عائلتي لزيارة جدي وجدتي في الأعياد؛ في العطلة الأسبوعية, sport (f...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• VCARC008

  Translate and interpret short spoken and written texts, such as dialogues, speeches, labels, signs and messages, from Arabic into English and vice versa, using contextual cues and textual features, and recognising aspects that are similar or different in each language

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating and explaining hand gestures and facial expressions that can be used without language to convey meaning
  • using a picture or digital dictionary to find the meanings of words and expressions used in class, comparing English and Arabic versions of each word
  • comparing Arabic expressions used in everyday interactions such as greetings with equivalent English expressions, identifying differences and similarities that reflect cultural associations or nuances, for example,

    مرحبا؛ كيف حالك؟ السلام عليكم؛ سلام ونعمة؛ صباح الخير؛ صباح النور

  • interpreting Arabic expressions in dialogues and speeches and discussing how these expressions reflect aspects of Arabic language and culture, for example,

    لا؛ حقاً؟ يا إلهي! كلامك عجيب! لا لا قل لي الحقيقة؛ صدقني يا سامي!؛ مع السلامة؛ الله معك؛ الرب معك

  • translating texts such as labels, public signs and messages from Arabic into English and vice versa to identify differences in elements of language structure and vocabulary use, for example, ‘no parking’, ‘no dogs’, ‘no-smoking zone’, ‘insert card’
  • creating Arabic versions of school signs, notices, timetables and class rules, and considering why some words and expressions require flexibility in translation, for example, ‘the oval’, ‘the office’, ‘the canteen’, ‘out of bounds’, ‘no hat, no play’

  VCARC008 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCARU135

  Recognise that languages change over time and influence one another

  Elaborations

  • identifying how Arabic has influenced other languages, for example, Indonesian (Kitab = كتاب, Kursi =كرسي) and Spanish (aceite = زيت), and the number system in English
  • understanding that Arabic, like all languages, is constantly expanding in response to intercultural experiences to include new words and expressions, for example,

    دردشة على الإنترنت

  • recognising that some Arabic words are derived from other languages, such as الفستق , which is borrowed from Greek to mean ‘pistachio’; or قز , which is borrowed from Persian to mean ‘raw silk’
  • understanding that some languages are continuously evolving while others are endangered or being revived, for example, indigenous languages throughout the world, including Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages in Australia

  VCARU135 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change