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• VCEALL019

  Construct simple subject–verb–object sentences that mostly use present tense

  Elaborations

  • constructing basic sentences using subject–verb–object word order, but with non-standard word forms, for example ‘We buy house’
  • constructing short, simple statements showing subject–verb relations with varying accuracy, such as ‘He sick’, ‘Students go’

  VCEALL019 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA379

  Write using language that is beginning to reflect the features of written language more than the features of spoken language

  Elaborations

  • expanding vocabulary to incorporate more topic-specific words
  • developing simple plans to support writing with some structure and complexity at the text, paragraph and sentence level

  VCEALA379 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA012

  Distinguish English from other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising the sounds and words of English when being spoken to
  • assessing which language(s) the speaker knows, and responding using shared repertoire

  VCEALA012 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC189

  Make simple predictions or inferences about a text, with support

  Elaborations

  • answering simple questions predicting events in a familiar text, for example ‘Where will they go next?’
  • matching words that describe emotions with images in a book, for example ‘happy’, ‘sad’

  VCEALC189 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Communication

• VCEALC326

  Identify key points of information in short spoken texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising key topic words from classroom activities and texts
  • recalling the sequence of ideas in a spoken text
  • answering questions using a familiar structure on a familiar topic

  VCEALC326 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC002

  Respond simply to questions and prompts

  Elaborations

  • recognising familiar question stem words such as ‘Who’, ‘Where’, ‘Do’
  • understanding common or personal questions, for example ‘How old are you?’, ‘What sports do you like?’
  • giving simple responses, such as nodding, ‘yes’, ‘no’, short learnt phrases
  • responding to questions with a single word or phrase but making longer utterances by substituting words in known sentence patterns
  • expanding on basic personal information when prompted, supported and given adequate time, such as ‘My name is ...’, ‘I come from …’
  • borrowing and adapting key words from questions, for example by reordering, as in Teacher: ‘Are you finished, Ali?’ Student: ‘Ali finished’

  VCEALC002 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC218

  Express imaginative or personal ideas in simple forms of writing

  Elaborations

  • write words or sentences to describe or explain own drawings or pictures from a text
  • telling a short story or recount to be scribed by a teacher, and copying these sentences

  VCEALC218 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Communication

• VCEALC375

  Add visual information to written texts

  Elaborations

  • illustrating a narrative to reflect descriptions given in the written text
  • adding a copied diagram to a digital information report, with features and key words that are used in the written text

  VCEALC375 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALL178

  Attempt basic self-correction

  Elaborations

  • attempting to self-correct pronunciation when the listener does not understand the word being spoken
  • repeating correct pronunciation following modelling by the listener

  VCEALL178 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL365

  Use knowledge of simple tense and negation to interpret the meaning of written text

  Elaborations

  • identifying the base word and interpreting the effect of tense and negation, for example in ‘did not eat’
  • matching sets of phrases to show their relationship, for example ‘go’, ‘went’ and ‘did not go’

  VCEALL365 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL128

  Read familiar phrases and sentences with fluency

  Elaborations

  • reading fluently frequently heard phrases, such as ‘and then’, ‘and he said’
  • sequencing words or phrases in a familiar sentence
  • reading sentences with fluency after rehearsal

  VCEALL128 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL308

  Attempt to write paragraphs and topic sentences

  Elaborations

  • grouping sentences about the same topic into simple paragraphs
  • using key words to write a simple topic sentence at the beginning of most paragraphs

  VCEALL308 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL342

  Use pronunciation and non-verbal features to support communication

  Elaborations

  • imitating features of the speech of others, including the teacher, peers and speakers in video or audio clips
  • practising pronunciation, rhythm and intonation by repeating words, phrases and sentences

  VCEALL342 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL018

  Communicate using short, learnt phrases

  Elaborations

  • using single-word or phrasal responses to questions, such as ‘Yes’, ‘No’, ‘I don’t know’
  • using learnt phrases in play, such as ‘Give me’, ‘Stop it’, ‘I don’t like’
  • creating original utterances by substituting new words in learnt patterns or formulas, such as ‘It’s home time’, ‘It’s go time’
  • using simplified speech patterns, where function words may be omitted or used incorrectly, for example ‘Me go to shopping and buyed many thing’

  VCEALL018 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA433

  Identify unfamiliar cultural references

  Elaborations

  • comparing to previous experience or learning, for example ‘It’s different to my culture’ or ‘This is only in Australia’
  • asking questions about unfamiliar word and ideas, for example ‘What’s a bunyip?

  VCEALA433 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA596

  Draw on experience of language patterns in controlled writing activities to express ideas

  Elaborations

  • acquiring new vocabulary and expressions from classroom activities and texts, rather than relying on a dictionary to translate from home language
  • keeping a personal word list that includes English and home language

  VCEALA596 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA685

  Talk about cultural differences related to communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying and talking about differences between home language and English at text, sentence and word levels
  • noticing and discussing differences in non-verbal aspects of communication, such as stance, proximity, gestures, eye contact

  VCEALA685 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA660

  Attempt to communicate more complex ideas by drawing on a bilingual dictionary or other home language resources

  Elaborations

  • consulting a bilingual dictionary or home language peers to search for words that communicate nuanced meaning
  • using online translation tools to generate approximate translations, and then improving these based on learnt grammatical patterns

  VCEALA660 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA722

  Demonstrate the development of metalanguage appropriate to the content and task

  Elaborations

  • using metalanguage related to text and language, for example ‘topic sentence’, ‘verb’, ‘pronoun’
  • recording terminology in personal notes or word lists, with translations in home language or examples from texts

  VCEALA722 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA248

  Speak or listen appropriately during class interactions

  Elaborations

  • displaying appropriate listening behaviours, such as attentive posture, appropriate facial expressions and gestures
  • attending to the expressions of other speakers and incorporating cues such as questions or key words in own responses

  VCEALA248 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness