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• VCEALC165

  Rely on other speakers to scaffold, interpret, clarify or elaborate short, simple conversations

  Elaborations

  • asking for help or clarification from teacher or peers
  • responding briefly to simple, direct questions rather than generating original responses in class discussions
  • borrowing and adapting key words from conversation partners, for example by reordering, as in Teacher: ‘Don’t be silly, Tim’ Student: ‘Tim silly’

  VCEALC165 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC167

  Identify basic items of information in short spoken texts

  Elaborations

  • naming or describing pictures, for example using names of people, single words for feelings, colours
  • pointing to relevant parts of pictures when speaking about them
  • answering specific questions about the spoken text based on familiar question stems such as ‘Who …?’, ‘Where was …?’, ‘When did …?’

  VCEALC167 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC324

  Comprehend social English in most familiar contexts, and use conversation partners to support understanding

  Elaborations

  • using support from conversation partners, including gestures, modified speech, provision of wait-time
  • repeating and adapting another speaker’s words to formulate responses, such as Student 1: ‘Where did you plant the seeds?’ Student 2: ‘Plant the seeds in a pot’

  VCEALC324 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC635

  Read long, complex texts with support from the teacher

  Elaborations

  • reading a new story with occasional prompts and corrections from the teacher
  • identifying key words from questions in headings or topic sentences in order to extract key information from a factual text
  • giving a personal response, such as expressing a point of view

  VCEALC635 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Communication

• VCEALC653

  Write texts for social purposes

  Elaborations

  • writing a range of texts for social purposes related to familiar and imagined experiences, such as an invitation, online chat message
  • following structure and language in model texts and incorporating some creative features
  • incorporating a small range of language features including formulaic expressions and words and phrases learnt in different curriculum areas

  VCEALC653 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALC243

  Participate in extended conversations with reliance on other speakers to scaffold, interpret, clarify or elaborate

  Elaborations

  • seeking help or clarification from other speakers, for example through home language, gesture or rewording
  • responding with short or sometimes more extended responses, including answering questions, adding to other speakers’ points or giving personal opinions
  • borrowing key topic words and question structures to help formulate responses

  VCEALC243 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALL015

  Recognise familiar spoken texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising common functions of speech, such as questions, statements, commands
  • recognising a small number of familiar texts used frequently in class, such as songs, rhymes, stories
  • listening to and reproducing the sequence of ideas in a short spoken story or recount
  • recognising familiar words in spoken texts

  VCEALL015 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL708

  Identify the role of cohesive markers in a text

  Elaborations

  • identifying cohesive markers in a text, such as ‘also’, ‘finally’, ‘however’
  • understanding the words replaced by reference items, and tracing these reference chains through a long text, for example ‘The team was reluctant to remain during the polar winter, when the sun may not be seen for over a month, as this is the most difficult time for Arctic exploration’

  VCEALL708 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL027

  Imitate pronunciation, stress and intonation patterns

  Elaborations

  • imitating and rehearsing pronunciation, stress and intonation patterns used by the teacher and peers, such as in stories, songs, rhymes
  • developing accurate pronunciation, stress and intonation for a small range of familiar and commonly used words and phrases, including personal language, classroom language, social formulas

  VCEALL027 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL388

  Write simple paragraphs with a logical sequence of sentences

  Elaborations

  • grouping sentences about the same topic into a paragraph
  • organising sentences using a simple sequence, for example chronological order of events or strong to weak arguments
  • using key words to write a simple topic sentence that states the main idea of the paragraph

  VCEALL388 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL757

  Self-correct and improve aspects of pronunciation that impede communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying patterns of pronunciation that pose difficulty in own speech, such as the articulation of final consonants or a specific vowel sound, or inappropriate word stress
  • rehearsing pronunciation with a partner or recording pronunciation using a digital device to self-assess, in order to make improvements

  VCEALL757 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL517

  Recognise simple present and past tense verb forms

  Elaborations

  • identifying common regular past tense verbs ending in ‘–ed’
  • learning a small number of common irregular past tense verbs, for example ‘went’, ‘said’, ‘had’
  • matching simple present and past tense verbs to time words such as ‘today’, ‘last week’, ‘always’

  VCEALL517 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL793

  Use an expanded vocabulary appropriate for the curriculum area

  Elaborations

  • incorporating sophisticated vocabulary appropriate for the curriculum area, such as subject-specific terms, antonyms, synonyms, abstract nouns
  • distinguishing between different meanings for words in different contexts, for example ‘psychological complex’, ‘complex issue’, ‘complex sentence’ and ‘residential complex’ convincing scientific evidence supporting this theory …’

  VCEALL793 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL605

  Incorporate introduced subject-specific vocabulary into simple sentences

  Elaborations

  • referring to studied texts, classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists for subject-specific vocabulary
  • using related subject-specific terms accurately, such as ‘Tadpoles have gills but frogs have lungs’
  • matching subject-specific words to definitions or labelling diagrams

  VCEALL605 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL423

  Self-correct and improve aspects of pronunciation that impede communication, and focus on correction

  Elaborations

  • identifying patterns of pronunciation that pose difficulty in own speech, such as the articulation of final consonants or a specific vowel sound, or inappropriate word stress
  • rehearsing pronunciation with a partner or recording pronunciation using a digital device to self-assess, in order to make improvements

  VCEALL423 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL444

  Interpret the meaning of written text that uses a range of tenses and negation

  Elaborations

  • identifying the base word and understanding the effect of more complex tense and negation, for example in ‘had not arrived yet’
  • identifying simple passive constructions and comparing them to active constructions, such as ‘We read the book’ and ‘The book was read by our class’
  • transforming sentences from a text into negatives or different tenses

  VCEALL444 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA412

  Use home language resources to develop English

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with home language peers to clarify new vocabulary and ideas, and formulate home language terms and definitions
  • referring to home language or bilingual texts such as glossaries, dictionaries or online translation tools for explanation and clarification of new vocabulary and information
  • recording words and information in personal dictionaries or notes, using a combination of English and home language to indicate meaning, pronunciation and usage

  VCEALA412 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA718

  Understand how the purpose and audience of a text can influence content and form

  Elaborations

  • designing layout and visual features to suit purpose and audience, for example using bright colours in an illustrated story for children
  • transforming texts to suit a different purpose or audience, for example converting a road safety website for learner drivers to a pamphlet for older drivers
  • discussing language choices with regard to purpose and audience, for example reflecting on word choices in a persuasive text

  VCEALA718 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA093

  Use a small range of strategies to negotiate meaning in conversation

  Elaborations

  • seeking help or clarification from other speakers, for example through home language, gesture, rewording
  • interrupting to ask a speaker to repeat or speak slowly, such as by asking ‘Say again, please’
  • using some social formulas when asking for clarification, such as ‘Please’, ‘Excuse me’
  • composing simple requests to ask for clarification, for example ‘Please repeat’, ‘What means …?’
  • referring to the speaker’s key words when asking for clarification, for example Teacher: ‘Get your stationery’, Student: ‘What is stationery?’

  VCEALA093 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA746

  Use home language resources to develop English

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with same language peers to clarify new vocabulary and ideas, and formulate home language terms and definitions
  • referring to home language or bilingual glossaries, dictionaries, thesauruses or online translation tools for explanation and clarification of new vocabulary and information
  • recording words and information in personal dictionaries or notes, using a combination of English and home language to indicate meaning, pronunciation and usage

  VCEALA746 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness