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• The Humanities | History: Structure

  History is organised by two strands: Historical Concepts and Skills and Historical Knowledge.

  Historical Concepts and Skills are fundamental to the discipline of history and provide a structure for the development of historical understanding. 

  Sub-strands
  Chronology
  Historical...

  Overview material | History

• The Humanities | History: Rationale and Aims

  Rationale

  History is a disciplined process of investigation into the past that develops students' curiosity and imagination. Awareness of history is an essential characteristic of any society, and historical knowledge is fundamental to understanding ourselves and others. It promotes the understanding...

  Overview material | History

• History: Foundation to Level 2 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 2, students explain aspects of daily life to identify how some aspects have changed over time, while others have remained the same. They describe personal and family life, a person, a site, or an event of significance in the local community.

  Students use sources (physical, visual...

  Level description | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2

• History: Foundation to Level 2 description

  Personal and Community Histories

  In Foundation to Level 2, students study personal, family and local history. Students learn about their own history and that of their family, including stories from different cultures and other parts of the world. As participants in their own history, students develop...

  Level description | The Humanities | History

• VCHHK077

  Significance of celebrations and commemorations in other places around the world

  Elaborations

  • exploring for example, Bastille Day in France, Independence Day in the USA, Chinese New Year, Christmas Day, Diwali, Easter, Hanukkah, the Moon Festival and Ramadan
  • comparing the significance of national days in different countries, looking at why they developed and elements they have in common
  • viewing on the internet videos of celebrations of significant days, such as Independence Day in Greece
  • investigating the origins and significance of international celebrations or commemorations, for example, the International Day of Peace, and of celebrations significant to particular cultural groups in Australia and in other countries

  VCHHK077 | The Humanities | History | Levels 3 and 4 | Historical Knowledge | Community, remembrance and celebrations

• The Humanities | History: Learning in History

  Historical concepts and skills

  In the History curriculum, students have the opportunity to develop historical understanding through the application of the following historical concepts and skills:

  • sequencing chronology
  • using historical sources as evidence
  • identifying continuity and change
  • analysing...

  Overview material | History

• VCHHK060

  How the present, past and future are signified by terms indicating and describing time

  Elaborations

  • discussing what happened yesterday, what is likely to happen tomorrow, upcoming birthdays, celebrations and seasons, and ordering these references to time in sequence using terms such as ‘before’, ‘after’, ‘next’ and ‘then’
  • discussing how some cultures, for example the Chinese, describe a child as being one year old on the day they are born
  • identifying dates and changes that have personal significance, for example, birthdays, moving house, changing schools, religious and school holidays, marking these on a calendar and counting down time, as well as noting that events of personal significance may differ according to children’s cultural backgrounds
  • examining Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander seasonal calendars, for example, the Gagadju (Kakadu) and the D'harawal (Sydney) calendars, each with six seasons, the Arrernte (central Australia) with five, the Woiwurrung (Upper Yarra Valley) with seven, and north-east Tasmania with three

  VCHHK060 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Personal histories

• VCHHC122

  Analyse and evaluate the broad patterns of change over the period 1750–present

  Elaborations

  • using data from immigration records and processing it using ICT to identify historical trends over time
  • explaining the nature and extent of the movement of peoples in the period (slaves, convicts and settlers) and the emergence and nature of significant economic, social and political ideas in the period, including nationalism
  • analysing the extent of European imperial expansion and different responses, including in the Asian region
  • evaluating the inter-war years between World War I and World War II, including the Treaty of Versailles, the Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression
  • evaluating continuing efforts post-World War II to achieve lasting peace and security in the world, including Australia’s involvement in UN peacekeeping
  • analysing the major movements for rights and freedom in the world and evaluating the achievement of independence by former colonies
  • explaining the nature of the Cold War and Australia’s involvement in Cold War and post-Cold War conflicts (Korea, Vietnam, The Gulf Wars, Afghanistan), including the rising influence of Asian nations since the end of the Cold War
  • explaining developments in technology, public health, longevity and standard of living during the twentieth century, and concern for the environment and sustainability

  VCHHC122 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Chronology

• VCHHK142

  Effects of World War I, with a particular emphasis on the changes and continuities brought to the Australian home front and society

  Elaborations

  • examining the effects of World War I in Europe such as the Treaty of Versailles, end of empires, economic and environmental destruction, loss of life, Spanish flu, new technologies, emergence of liberalism
  • graphing the proportion of Australian servicemen who died during World War I, compared to that of other countries involved in the war
  • explaining the effects of World War I, with a particular emphasis on Australia, such as the use of propaganda to influence the civilian population, the changing role of women, the conscription debate
  • investigating examples of the war’s impact on Australia’s economy and society, for example, the development of the steel industry in Newcastle and the implementation of the War Precautions Act 1914
  • identifying the groups who opposed conscription, for example, trade unionists, Irish Catholics, and the grounds for their objections
  • studying the first and second referenda on conscription, including the division within the Labor Party over this issue
  • explaining the treatment of people of German descent during the war, for example, their classification as ‘enemy aliens’ and placement in internment camps, as well as their depiction in government propaganda

  VCHHK142 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Australia at war (1914 – 1945): World War I

• VCHHK119

  The role and achievements of a significant individual and/or group

  Elaborations

  • Vikings
    • creating a biography of Leif Ericson and the significance of the establishment of the colony in Newfoundland
    • outlining Erik the Red’s development of Viking settlements in Eastern and Western Greenland in 985 CE
    • comparing the artefacts discovered at L’Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland (Canada) with Viking artefacts as possible evidence that the Vikings had discovered America 500 years before Christopher Columbus
  • Medieval Europe
    • explaining the influence and dominance of the Catholic church on society using visual sources such as the Medieval illustration of Hell in the Hortus deliciarum manuscript of Herrad of Landsberg (about 1180)
    • explaining why Charlemagne was a significant figure in Medieval Europe, such as his expansion of the Frankish kingdom and his support of the Church
    • explaining the causes and symptoms of the Black Death and the responses of different groups in society to the spread of the disease, such as the flagellants (those who would whip themselves to be free of sin) and the persecution of Jewish people
  • Ottoman Empire
    • creating a biography of Selim I or Suleiman the Magnificent in maintaining the strength and influence of the Ottoman Empire
    • evaluating the achievements of individuals, for example, Selim I in establishing the empire and capturing Jerusalem, or Suleiman the Magnificent in expanding the empire to Belgrade in Europe
  • Angkor/Khmer Empire
    • create a biography of Jayavarman VII (r. 1181 CE - 1215 CE) and his influence in expanding the empire, expelling the Chams, territorial expansion, scale of the construction program in Angkor
  • Mongol Expansion
    • creating a biography of Genghis Khan or Kublai Khan and there significant achievement of Expanding the empire, military success, codification of laws
    • creating a Venn-diagram to compare and contrast the achievements of Genghis and Kublai
  • Japan under the Shoguns
    • creating a biography of Tokugawa Ieyasu Shogun
  • Polynesian Expansion
    • examining reasons why the Maori used rahui to restrict the use of land and sea resources by individuals and groups
  • Renaissance Italy
    • explaining the influence of the Medici family in Florence as bankers and merchants, and their patronage of the arts.
    • creating a biography on the role and achievements of significant individuals such as Lucrezia Borgia, Galileo, Leonardo da Vinci, Niccolo Machiavelli
  • Spanish Conquest
    • creating a biography or a jigsaw on the significance of Columbus, Balboa, Cortes, Montezuma II, Pizarro

  VCHHK119 | The Humanities | History | Levels 7 and 8 | Historical Knowledge | Middle Ages and early exploration

• VCHHK159

  Changing social, cultural, historical, economic, environmental, political and technological conditions on a major global influence in Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • identifying American and Asian influences on Australian popular culture since World War II, for example, through mainstream and Hollywood and Bollywood films
    • investigating the changing contribution of the Australian rock ’n’ roll, film and television industries to Australian culture and identity through the development and export of music, film and television, for example, the Easybeats from Sydney, the Go-Betweens from Brisbane and ‘Crocodile Dundee’ (1986)
    • describing significant examples of continuity and change in beliefs and values, such as democratic ideals, religious beliefs, egalitarianism
  • Environment movement
    • recognising the historic impact of the pictures of Earth taken during the Apollo 8 mission and how they influenced people’s view of the world
    • explaining the significance of ideas about the environment, for example, Gaia, the limits of growth, sustainability and rights of nature
    • investigating a range of environmental effects, for example, the flooding of Lake Pedder in Tasmania, deforestation in Indonesia, the decline of the Aral Sea, the Exxon Valdez oil spill, the whaling industry
    • explaining the struggle over French nuclear weapon testing in the Pacific from 1966–1996, for example, the sinking of the Rainbow Warrior in 1985
    • evaluating the effectiveness of international protocols and treaties such as Kyoto (1997), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (since 1992) and the Washington Declaration (2007)
  • Migration experiences
    • describing the impact of the Vietnam war on Vietnam and how the communist victory in Vietnam (1975) resulted in the arrival of refugees into Australia
    • investigating policies of multiculturalism since the 1970s and the concepts of cultural heritage and assimilation
    • analysing post-World War II population growth and the development of Australia’s culturally diverse society using different types of graphs
  • Political Crisis
    • identifying and evaluating the changes to Australia as a result of the political crisis
    • using a chart or graphic organiser to categorise the changes to Australia

  VCHHK159 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world