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• Indonesian - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students share factual information and opinions about their personal worlds, including personal details, family, pets, friends, pastimes, school and neighbourhood. They interact with others orally and in writing, asking and responding to questions using Siapa, Apakah, Berapa...

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• Indonesian - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use Indonesian to interact and exchange ideas, experiences and interests with teachers, peers and others. They pronounce polysyllabic words such as mendengarkan, pekerjaan and menyiapkan, stressing the penultimate syllable with some accuracy. When interacting, they...

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• Indonesian - F–10 Sequence: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students use Indonesian to communicate with teachers, peers and others in a range of settings and for a range of purposes. They pronounce the sounds ngg and ng accurately, as well as sy (masyarakat) and kh (akhir), and use stress to create fluency in sentences. Students...

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10

• VCIDU030

  Develop understanding of ways to express possession and describe qualities of people and objects, and expand vocabulary related to personal and social world

  Elaborations

  • describing people and animals using pronouns, gender and adjectives of character, for example, dia, mereka, teman, kakak laki-laki, adik perempuan, kakek, nenek; kaki, tangan, mata; kucing, marmot, burung; gemuk, kurus, tinggi, senang, sedih, marah; and describing weather using adjectives such as panas, dingin, hujan, mendung, cerah
  • describing places (for example, kolam renang, taman, toko, pantai, sekolah, rumah, desa, gereja, pura, mesjid) and movement using prepositions (for example, dari, ke, dengan, pada) and adjectives, for example, kiri, kanan
  • describing objects using concrete nouns related to home, school and local environment, for example, forms of transport (sepeda, mobil, bis, kereta api, becak, delman, dokar, bendi) and items such as foods (semangka, kelapa)
  • describing quantity using cardinal numbers (puluh, ratus) and ordinal numbers using ke- prefix, and making plurals by duplicating, for example, buku-buku
  • describing actions using simple base verbs (for example, tinggal, bangun, mandi, naik) and ber- verbs, for example, bermain, berjalan, bersepeda, berenang
  • recognising imperatives, for example, Angkat tangan, Buka bukumu, Ayo cepat!
  • seeking information using questions, for example, kapan, dari mana, ke mana?
  • linking ideas using conjunctions, for example, karena, tetapi
  • locating events in time (for example, hari ini, kemarin, besok, sudah, belum) and using days of the week and months, for example, Pada hari…
  • understanding the rules for subject-verb-object sentence construction (for example, Saya tinggi, Saya bermain…, Saya makan…) and possessive word order, for example, Adik laki-laki saya…, Tas teman Herman…
  • giving praise, gratitude and encouragement, for example, coba, Bagus sekali!, terima kasih banyak
  • recognising that the same rules of punctuation apply as in English, for example, using capital letters and full stops for sentences

  VCIDU030 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDU048

  Develop understanding of how grammatical structures and rules influence textual organisation

  Elaborations

  • noticing that different text types have a different register, for example, Bapak-Bapak dan Ibu-Ibu (speech), kamu semua (dialogue with peers), Anda (advertisement) , Yth (email or letter to someone in authority)
  • analysing how different text types use linguistic features to create effects, such as superlatives in advertisements designed to persuade (terbaru, paling sehat), the imperative in signs designed to advise or prohibit (Dilarang), salutations in emails designed to maintain relationships (yang baik, salam dari), and declaratives in announcements designed to inform (Minggu depan pada waktu…)

  VCIDU048 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDU016

  Develop awareness that Indonesian and English borrow from each other

  Elaborations

  • knowing that Indonesian and English use the same alphabet
  • recognising that Indonesian has some loan words from English, such as komputer and televisi, and that English has some from Indonesian, such as ‘orangutan’, ‘satay’ and ‘sarong’, with some changes in spelling
  • keeping a class record of words in Indonesian that are borrowed from other languages, including loan words from Aboriginal languages, Torres Strait Islander languages

  VCIDU016 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDC087

  Make plans and obtain goods or services in real or simulated situations, through corresponding and transacting with others using modelled texts

  Elaborations

  • participating in scenarios such as being lost and asking for and giving directions (for example, Dari sini jalan ke timur sampai perempatan) or assistance, for example, Permisi Pak, boleh saya bertanya di mana…
  • negotiating and making decisions about goods and services such as transport, ordering goods such as food and drink (for example, Mau beli bakso? Mau menonton film atau bermain sepak bola nanti sore?), or purchasing goods, for example, bisa kurang, Wah! terlalu mahal, saya rugi
  • giving, accepting or declining invitations (for example, mau ikut; sayang saya tidak bisa, maaf, ya), including making excuses to avoid causing offence or embarassment, for example, maaf, saya harus ke rumah nenek pada hari Sabtu, lain kali saja
  • exchanging details such as time, place, activity and participants when organising events, using texts such as phone conversations, emails, text messages, notes and letters, for example, mau berbelanja di mal dengan saya?

  VCIDC087 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCIDC059

  Translate and analyse a range of texts, comparing language choices and exploring differences in meanings

  Elaborations

  • translating texts, identifying culture-specific vocabulary (for example, peci, kebaya) and expressions (for example, makan angin, pulang kampung), discussing the translation process (such as possible reasons for equivalence/non-equivalence), and choosing ‘best fit’ words or omitting words
  • comparing interpretations of texts such as advertisements, songs or film extracts, noticing similarities and differences, and reflecting on why interpretations may vary

  VCIDC059 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDC093

  Translate and interpret texts such as descriptions, emails, signs and notices, from Indonesian to English and vice versa, using contextual cues and textual features, and noticing non-equivalence of meaning

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers and teacher to translate and interpret personal texts, such as correspondence and conversations, noticing similarities and differences in language use and considering why these might exist
  • translating public signs or notices from Indonesian to English and vice versa, comparing meanings and considering how effective the translations are and why
  • experimenting with translating, both literally and for meaning, by using strategies such as explaining rather than word-for-word translation, for example, describing Australian Rules football or kaki lima
  • learning to use bilingual dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words and the need to consider context and understand that meaning goes beyond the literal, for example, jam karet

  VCIDC093 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDU099

  Recognise grammatical structures and features in a range of personal, informative and imaginative texts, and notice how these contribute to meaning

  Elaborations

  • analysing the key features of texts such as advertisements, stories, songs and conversations, and comparing these with texts in own language and culture
  • identifying how texts are constructed, such as textual features (for example, salutations in correspondence), grammatical structures (for example, time markers in narratives) and visual cues, for example, images in brochures
  • comparing Indonesian and English grammar, identifying similarities, for example, subject-verb-object sentence construction and differences, for example, word order of nouns and adjectives, absence of the verb ‘to be’ with adjectives and verbs
  • applying knowledge of grammatical rules and context when using dictionaries to support comprehension and creation of texts (for example, locating base words by dropping the ber- prefix), or to recognise a word type, for example, ‘saw’ = ‘see’ (melihat) and not ‘saw’ (noun; gergaji)

  VCIDU099 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDU067

  Understand that Indonesian, like other languages, continues to change over time due to influences such as globalisation and technology

  Elaborations

  • analysing the influence of other languages on Indonesian, such as in advertising and technology, food, administration, religion and everyday life, for example, modern, handphone, satelit (English); mie (Chinese); sepatu (Portuguese); kantor (Dutch); guru (Sanskrit); mahal (Arabic), raja (Hindi)
  • recording a range of borrowed words and examining their structure and rules of use, for example, meng-upload, ber-AC
  • investigating the origins of borrowed words to discover when, how and by whom new words and expressions were introduced into Indonesian and which languages have borrowed from languages of Indonesia, for example, Makassan terms in Yolngu (balanda, rupiah)

  VCIDU067 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDU101

  Understand that Indonesian is a national language that has been and continues to be changed through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • identifying loan words in Indonesian and English, such as ‘cockatoo’ (kakaktua), ‘bamboo’ (bambu), ‘orangutan’, ‘satay’ (sate), ‘rattan’ (rotan), komputer, apartemen, televisi, pilot and modern, and understanding that borrowings are part of the nature of language
  • analysing texts as a class, recording loan words and investigating their origins, and comparing these with borrowings in English and other known languages
  • understanding the importance of Indonesian as a national language, for example, by discussing its origins and observing when and why it is used in contemporary society, such as by comparing versions of the national anthem

  VCIDU101 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDU050

  Recognise that Indonesian contains influences from other languages, such as regional and foreign languages

  Elaborations

  • noticing how Indonesian is influenced by other languages and cultures, such as the influence of foreign languages in words for food, music and sport, for example, wortel, bakso, kriket, tenis, musik pop, musik klasik
  • keeping a class record of borrowings from regional languages, such as hangat (Minangkabau), batik (Javanese), juara (Sundanese)
  • noticing the use of loan words from English in texts such as advertisements and television programs to suggest values such as ‘modern’, ‘sophisticated’ and ‘educated’, for example, paket family, berinternet, koneksi bisnis

  VCIDU050 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDU097

  Develop understanding of pronunciation related to single and combined sounds and the use of intonation in statements and questions, noticing Indonesian spelling and pronunciation conventions

  Elaborations

  • recognising that Indonesian is written using the Roman alphabet but with distinctive sounds and sound combinations, for example, a, e, i, o, u, c, r, ng, ngg, ny, au, aa, ai
  • noticing raised penultimate syllable in words, for example, membosankan, berbelanja and silakan
  • recognising intonation for questions (with or without question words), statements, commands and interjections, for example, wah, aduh

  VCIDU097 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDC042

  Translate texts from Indonesian to English and vice versa, selecting from possible choices to create appropriate meaning

  Elaborations

  • comparing translations of written texts from English into Indonesian and from Indonesian into English, such as advertisements, websites, food packaging and menus, and considering how meanings may be interpreted from a different cultural perspective
  • suggesting ways to modify some terms and expressions that do not translate directly and considering how this may affect text length, style and word choices
  • interpreting meanings in Indonesian texts by ‘reading’ the context, for example, the phrase Ayo cepat! may be encouraging or scolding depending on who uses it and why

  VCIDC042 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDC026

  Produce texts such as descriptions and signs in both Indonesian and English for the school community

  Elaborations

  • preparing descriptions in both Indonesian and English about familiar topics, using modelled language and choosing from word lists, and discussing differences in language with the teacher
  • creating bilingual texts for the classroom and the school community (for example, posters, songs and online newsletter items), discussing with others how to represent meaning in different languages for different audiences

  VCIDC026 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDU065

  Expand understanding of textual conventions, particularly related to social and informational media

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with language appropriate to particular text types, such as descriptive language in documentaries, reflective language in diary and journal entries, and persuasive language in advertisements
  • analysing the informal style of language associated with social media texts and texting, such as the use of emoticons and abbreviated forms of words, for example, brngkt (berangkat), dng (dengan), kmn (ke mana)
  • analysing the forms, features and purpose of texts, such as how texts are organised in terms of layout, sequencing of ideas, headings and stylistic devices

  VCIDU065 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDC027

  Communicate in Indonesian using routine phrases and expressions, recognising that such language reflects cultural practices and norms

  Elaborations

  • recognising differences between Indonesian and English ways of showing politeness, for example, making requests and expressing gratitude (Tolong…, Terima kasih, Boleh saya…?), and recognising what may be viewed as impolite, such as pointing with the forefinger, folding arms, touching someone’s head, or blowing nose with handkerchief and keeping it in your pocket
  • trying out respectful gestures such as bending when passing between people, nodding while greeting others, and using a soft handshake when meeting others
  • participating in interactions associated with particular Indonesian practices, for example, etiquette associated with eating such as waiting to be invited to eat (Silahkan makan) and not eating with left hand
  • noticing how own language influences expectations about Indonesian language, for example, perceiving word order as ‘back to front’ compared to English, wanting to use one word for ‘you’, feeling the need to say ‘thank you’ often
  • discussing how Australian terms and expressions might be understood from an Indonesian perspective, for example, ‘bushwalking’, ‘kick a footy’ or ‘lamington’

  VCIDC027 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCIDC054

  Interact with others by making requests, seeking clarification, checking understanding and expressing opinions

  Elaborations

  • asking for clarification, such as how to spell a word (for example, Bagaimana ejaannya, Pak?) or asking for meaning, for example, Apa arti kata itu?
  • apologising and making requests, for example, Maaf saya terlambat Bu, Boleh saya ke kantor?, Tolong jangan dihapus Pak, saya belum selesai
  • giving help and responding to instructions, for example, Giliran kamu, Klik di bawah, Bu
  • asking and responding to closed and open-ended questions, for example, Tanggal berapa tes Bahasa Indonesia?, Bagaimana sekolah di Indonesia?

  VCIDC054 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCIDU085

  Understand that Indonesian language and culture, like all languages and cultures, are interrelated; they shape and are shaped by each other, in a given moment and over time

  Elaborations

  • recognising that texts are instances of language and culture working together to convey cultural perspectives, values and concepts
  • analysing how the Indonesian language may reflect cultural perspectives such as collectivism, harmony, fate and humility; norms such as showing deference and saving face; and values such as patience, humility and selflessness, for example, setahu saya, kalau saya tidak salah, numpang tanya, permisi dulu
  • investigating the origins of particular expressions or words, developing awareness of the origins of meanings and how these may or may not change over time
  • recognising the historical, political and cultural functions and value of language, such as the origins of Bahasa Indonesia, and its historical and contemporary uses
  • developing awareness that the linguistic diversity of Indonesia reflects cultural diversity, and comparing this to linguistic and cultural diversity in Australia, including Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages, Asian languages and world languages

  VCIDU085 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture