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• VCELC107

  Share and present information about self, family, friends and possessions, using gestures, labels, pictures and modelled language

  Elaborations

  • using familiar vocabulary and simple sentences to create texts about self, family, friends and possessions, such as a family album, a class picture dictionary or a family tree
  • contributing to classroom resources that involve naming, labelling and illustrating, using digital technologies, for example, a favourite photos wall, a word wall
  • giving information about self, family, friends, and possessions by writing captions or attaching word bubbles to drawings or photos, using digital technologies
  • using simple sentences and supporting gestures to communicate informally about self, friends and favourite possessions, for example, Παίζεις νέτμπολ; lifting head/eyebrows to answer ‘no’, hand action to show Έτσι κι έτσι, lifting head and shoulders to convey not knowing something

  VCELC107 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELU151

  Understand the importance of register in a range of contexts and situations, such as at home, at school or in more formal situations

  Elaborations

  • using appropriate language according to age, gender, relationship and social status when meeting people for the first time or when introducing friends, teachers or other adults
  • comparing the meaning of words heard in the community to those learnt in class and noticing that there are different ways of saying the same thing in Greek, for example, η χτένα, η τσατσάρα,
  • identifying the appropriate way to communicate things in Greek, for example, το αυτοκίνητο instead of το κάρο
  • reflecting on the use of colloquial or abbreviated language in technologically mediated contexts, for example by email or phone, as well as the use of borrowed words from other languages, for example, στικάκι (memory stick), σερφάρω (surfing the internet)

  VCELU151 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC125

  Participate in shared imaginative activities and respond by acting out events, identifying favourite elements, and making simple statements about characters

  Elaborations

  • listening to, viewing and reading stories, such as Aesop’s fables, or stories by contemporary Greek authors, in a range of text types, and responding to questions about characters, themes and events
  • comparing a Greek myth or legend to myths and legends of a country of the Asia region, such as China, and highlighting the similarities and differences in characters, events and moral of the story
  • creating a timeline of the main events of a story using pictures, words and simple sentences
  • performing a scene from a Greek myth (Theseus and the Minotaur, Icarus, Hercules, Cyclops, Persephone) using simple, modelled language

  VCELC125 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELC128

  Create simple bilingual resources such as picture dictionaries, action games or labels for the classroom

  Elaborations

  • creating handmade or digital greeting cards in both Greek and English for different celebrations and traditions, for example, Καλά Χριστούγεννα, Καλό Πάσχα
  • creating bilingual texts for different audiences, for example, signs for the school community, a bilingual class digital dictionary, a word chart, a board game for a younger class
  • creating simple bilingual story books that include captions and images modelled on familiar texts, for example, Spot the dog

  VCELC128 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELC143

  Create and perform imaginative texts such as stories, skits or rap, using familiar language

  Elaborations

  • producing short scripted plays with teacher support, to perform to class, younger students or the school community
  • creating and performing simple songs, rhymes and rap to teach vocabulary and word patterns to younger Greek language classes
  • creating and using own texts, such as storyboards, digital stories, booklets or board games, based on characters, settings and events from a myth or commonly relayed story, for example, a story based on one of the gods of Olympus, Aesop’s fables, or a fairytale such as Τα τρία γουρουνάκια ...

  VCELC143 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU169

  Recognise that Modern Greek has evolved from Ancient Greek and that changes to the Greek alphabet, number system and style of writing have occurred through the ages; considering factors that have influenced this change

  Elaborations

  • finding examples of Greek script throughout history, such as on pots and stone slabs, for example, the Rosetta Stone, the entrance to Delphi, tombstones in Vergina, Byzantine artefacts, coins and old books, observing how different styles of writing have developed
  • understanding that there are different forms of written Greek used in different contexts dating from the ancient world to today
  • recognising that meanings of particular words and expressions can originate from earlier times, for example, εντάξει

  VCELU169 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC142

  Listen to, read and view imaginative spoken, written, digital or multimodal texts and respond by expressing ideas and opinions about the storyline and characters

  Elaborations

  • responding to stories, myths, fables and films, using modelled language to describe themes, characters and actions, for example, Είναι σε βάρκα, είναι σε σπηλιά, είναι τέρας, είναι πόλεμος, ο ήρωας κέρδισε
  • producing storyboards, using digital technologies, to represent key events in different types of imaginative texts, including captions or word bubbles to capture moods or feelings, for example, Μου αρέσει, Δε μου αρέσει
  • introducing and comparing favourite characters in stories, myths, fables and films, listing associated key words or expressions, for example, O Οδυσσέας είναι γενναίος. Η Κίρκη είναι μάγισσα. Φοβάμαι. Είναι φοβερό τέρας.
  • commenting on elements of humour and drama, and the use of sound effects and facial expressions relating to the characters depicted in stories, myths and fables, for example, Φοβάμαι, είναι αστείο, γελώ με ...

  VCELC142 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU134

  Understand that the context and purpose of interactions influence language choices

  Elaborations

  • recognising the differences between formal and informal language in social interactions, for example, Γεια σου φίλε, Γεια σας κύριε, and how Greek people use body language when communicating, which varies according to relationships
  • examining culturally appropriate phrases for different times of the day and for different purposes, for example, καλή εβδομάδα, καλό μήνα, καλό καλοκαίρι, καλό απόγευμα, καλό μεσημέρι, χρόνια πολλά, καλές γιορτές, καλή όρεξη, and considering phrases used in English in similar contexts
  • understanding how differences in gestures, register and tone are used to change meaning of speech, for example, Είσαι καλά; or Τι κάνεις; can have multiple meanings
  • identifying how emphasis on words can change meaning, for example έλα has many meanings depending on how it is said and used, Έλα εδώ, Έλα τώρα!, Έλα Άννα (στο τηλέφωνο)
  • recognising how the purpose of interaction, for example, command or invitation, can change the emphasis on words

  VCELU134 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC009

  Create bilingual texts and resources to support their own learning, such as glossaries and personal dictionaries, digital resources and charts

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual resources for language learning, such as word banks or a personal Greek–English dictionary, with examples and explanations of language use
  • using dictionaries and electronic translation tools to create bilingual texts, such as posters, maps, menus and schedules, making decisions about language use that are appropriate for the audience
  • creating bilingual resources, such as picture dictionaries or photo stories with bilingual captions and labels, for example, recreating a village scene in Greece or Cyprus, depicting roads, shops, products and services
  • creating bilingual signs and notices for the school, such as το γυμναστήριο, η είσοδος/έξοδος, η αίθουσα
  • developing strategies to support understanding of language that cannot be directly translated, for example, in the use of actions and gestures

  VCELC009 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELU031

  Compare and contrast the structure and linguistic features of different types of text, developing understanding of the relationship between context, purpose and audience, and identifying culturally specific elements

  Elaborations

  • applying knowledge of the interrelationship between context, purpose and audience to identify text type and predict the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary and expressions
  • identifying how grammatical choices, words and images combine in a text to achieve particular intentions and effects, for example, the positioning of the reader through the use of personal pronouns, imperative verb forms and negative indicators, and emotive language and images
  • comparing Greek and English versions of familiar texts such as recipes and horoscopes, commenting on similarities and differences in text structure and cultural elements
  • interpreting and explaining textual conventions when using technology and social media

  VCELU031 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELC147

  Share experiences of learning and using Greek, in person or online, and reflect on the effect of language learning on own identity

  Elaborations

  • preparing a class profile to exchange with students in Greece or Cyprus online, showing language backgrounds and interests represented in the class, using captions and symbols such as flags and words from different languages
  • exploring the idea of stereotypes associated with languages and identities, and discussing how stereotypes affect attitudes and communication and can be inaccurate
  • exploring how their linguistic and cultural background, for example, languages spoken, key relationships and intercultural experiences, influence their sense of who they are
  • connecting various personal experiences of learning Modern Greek, and describing how learning Greek has influenced own everyday behaviour and language use, for example, using Greek outside the language classroom, playing Greek games, or having lunch at a Greek restaurant and being able to read some of the menu
  • considering whether learning and using Greek impacts on their sense of identity either in or out of the classroom

  VCELC147 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELC126

  Create and perform short spoken and written imaginative texts such as dialogues or collaborative online stories, using formulaic expressions and modelled language

  Elaborations

  • creating and performing simple imaginative texts, using movement or drama to animate characters and to give expression to events in texts, for example, acting out scenes from a story, adopting the profile of a character, creating a dance to accompany songs
  • modifying texts such as songs, for example, by substituting words in a well-known song or tune (Η Mικρή Ελένη, Βγαίνει η βαρκούλα, ‘Bob the Builder’)
  • creating a new story such as a digital picture book using favourite characters from imaginative texts (Ηρακλής, Μορμώ, Σποτ) and adding captions using formulaic expressions and modelled language, for example, Μια φορά και έναν καιρό, Τέλος, Και ζήσαν αυτοί καλά κι εμείς καλύτερα.

  VCELC126 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU185

  Analyse culturally specific ways of interacting in Greek and how and why language use varies according to cultural contexts, considering why these differ from interactions in English or in other languages

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts created for different audiences, such as advertisements, brochures and signs, noticing how language use reflects ideas and messages that are relevant to a particular audience
  • investigating the nature and use of Greek language in different contexts of interaction, for example, asking Greek-speaking students in Australia with whom they communicate in Greek and for what purposes, reflecting on similarities and differences to interactions in English or other languages
  • analysing a range of correspondence and dialogue to identify features of language that affect levels of formality, such as the use of the subjunctive, imperative mood and plural polite register, for example, Αγαπημένε μου φίλε Γιάννη, γεια σου, Αξιότιμη κυρία Λασκαρίδη, Πες μου, Πείτε μου, Ας μιλήσουμε, Για να σε ακούσω
  • identifying English words in the Greek language, for example, πάρκινγκ, ζάπινγκ, and discussing their emergence and use

  VCELU185 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELU012

  Identify similarities and differences between the phonological and orthographic systems of English and Greek, including accentuation and intonation in oral language, and decode and use the Greek script

  Elaborations

  • using the Greek alphabet, making connections between spoken and written forms, and recognising similarities and differences to the English alphabet
  • recognising accentuation and differences such as πού/που,πώς/πως, ή/η
  • developing and using Greek pronunciation, reproducing sounds and combinations
  • using the Greek alphabet for spelling out names and other words
  • developing awareness of Greek sounds, rhythms and intonation patterns
  • becoming familiar with the Greek vowel system
  • recognising intonation for questions, statements, commands and interjections
  • knowing when to use σ/ς
  • using vowels to create same sounds, such as ι, η, υ, ει, οι
  • understanding and using punctuation particular to the Greek language, for example, the question mark (;)

  VCELU012 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELU119

  Recognise that the languages people use reflect their culture, such as who they are, where and how they live, and find examples of similarities and differences between Greek and their own ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’, considering different lifestyles and symbols such as flags, including the Aboriginal flag and the Torres Strait Islander flag
  • understanding that traditional cultures reflect conditions and resources in particular environments and contribute to the sustainability of communities
  • exploring the significance of different cultural practices, activities and games, for example, using a κομπολόι, making wreaths for 1 May, making masks or kites for Απόκριες
  • recognising words that reflect aspects of culture, for example, γλέντι, κέφι, χρόνια πολλά, όπα!
  • understanding that particular Australian English terms and expressions have no equivalent in Greek, for example, ‘billabong’, ‘corroboree’, ‘the bush’
  • recognising features of Greek language interactions which may be similar to own ways of communicating, such as politely speaking to an adult, or different from own ways of communicating, for example, physical contact when farewelling someone

  VCELU119 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCELC158

  Convey and present information and ideas on a range of topics in different types of texts and modes

  Elaborations

  • responding to questions on a variety of topics for a range of purposes, for example, a report on a holiday destination, comparing travel brochures and itineraries, identifying transport and accommodation options, costs, and places of interest, for example, Πόσο μακριά είναι η Ακρόπολη από το Λυκαβηττό; Σε αυτή την εκδρομή μπορούμε να επισκεφθούμε πολλά ιστορικά μέρη
  • presenting findings from interviews with peers in own class or in Greek-speaking classes and settings, using formats such as profile posters, charts and timelines, for example, Πόσα μέλη έχει η οικογένειά σου; Πόσες γλώσσες μιλούν ή μαθαίνουν τα παιδιά στην Αυστραλία;
  • summarising and conveying the main points of texts, deducing the meaning of some unknown words and phrases, and identifying known cultural references, images and other content which contribute to the overall meaning, for example, images of the Acropοlis and the symbol of the owl, or the olive wreath representing peace and the Olympic Games
  • organising and presenting information for a Greek-speaking audience, for example, a web page describing and explaining leisure activities of young people in Australia
  • reporting in either a journal/diary entry or article for a school magazine on own and others’ experiences of events such as a concert, school camp, excursion or new educational computer game

  VCELC158 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELC162

  Create bilingual texts in Greek and English, such as menus, posters or brochures on the same theme or event

  Elaborations

  • working individually and collaboratively to create bilingual resources for the home and school environments, such as glossaries, signage, recipes and menus, for example, Το μενού της ημέρας
  • creating English subtitles, footnotes, captions or commentaries for texts such as brochures, video clips, or advertisements that inform the school community about aspects of Greek culture, for example, attending a festival, Ελάτε με την παρέα σας, dining at a Greek restaurant, μεζέδες, ορεκτικά, επιδόρπιο
  • creating glossaries, tourist brochures or itineraries for English-speaking travellers to Greece or Cyprus including and explaining key words, phrases and protocol, for example, Πρόγραμμα εκδρομής, δίκλινα/τρίκλινα δωμάτια, ξεναγός, the meaning of πρωινό, μεσημεριανό φαγητό, βραδινό φαγητό in terms of meeting time
  • creating vocabulary lists and annotated cultural explanations for Greek-speaking visitors to events such as Australian sports days or family events, explaining culturally specific elements, for example, Australian Rules football final, Anzac Day, Harmony Day, barbeque

  VCELC162 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELC178

  Translate and analyse a range of texts from Greek to English and vice versa, comparing interpretations and explaining differences in meaning

  Elaborations

  • exchanging translations of familiar texts with peers, through email or shared spaces such as ePals, and discussing different versions to develop a whole-class translation
  • translating, analysing and explaining expressions and idioms encountered in Greek texts, finding ways to convey the meaning and cultural significance, for example, Φαγητά της ώρας, Τα έκανα θάλασσα
  • translating stories for others, analysing how words can have different meanings when used in different ways in a sentence and explaining the differences to others, for example, in using Πώς πας (στο σχολείο; – με λεωφορείο), Πώς πας (σήμερα Ανδρέα; - τι κάνεις;), Πώς πας (με την εργασία σου; - προχωράς, δυσκολεύεσαι;), Γεια σου (hello, goodbye, cheers, bless you)
  • translating texts to identify and evaluate cultural elements and influences, for example, proverbs and sayings Στου κουφού την πόρτα όσο θέλεις βρόντα, Ας τα λέμε καλά, Τα πολλά λόγια είναι φτώχεια

  VCELC178 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELU166

  Apply knowledge of grammatical features, such as tense, voice, regular and irregular verbs, adverbs, pronouns and adjectives, and use conjunctions to construct compound and complex sentences

  Elaborations

  • using a range of tenses and voices to describe routines and actions
  • using a range of regular and irregular verbs to develop sentence structures, for example, Χτες είδα το Γιάννη και μου είπε τα νέα
  • using adjectives to describe and compare people and aspects of the immediate environment, for example, O Γιάννης είναι ψηλός αλλά η Μαρία είναι πιο ψηλή/ψηλότερη, and using simple word order (subject–verb–object), for example, Η Άννα τρώει καρπούζι
  • using adverbs to modify and intensify the meaning of verbs and adjectives, for example, αρκετά, πολύ, λίγο
  • using pronouns such as αυτός, κάτι, as substitutes in sentences
  • recognising that some Greek nouns do not always reflect their grammatical gender, for example, in η γιατρός
  • using suffixes to vary and intensify the meaning of nouns, adjectives and adverbs, for example, to create diminutives/augmentatives such as μικρούλι, γατούλα, σπιτάκι, Γιαννάκης, ομαδάρα, σπιταρόνα
  • creating compound and complex sentences by using conjunctions, for example, Δε θα πάω στο σχολείο την Τετάρτη, γιατί θα πάω στη Μελβούρνη με την οικογένειά μου

  VCELU166 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELU013

  Recognise and use vocabulary and grammatical elements such as articles, pronouns and gender forms, and a limited range of common verbs in the present tense to create simple sentences and phrases

  Elaborations

  • using nouns and verbs, recognising agreement and word order, for example, Η μαμά μου είναι ...
  • understanding and applying the concept of verb conjugation by using appropriate verb endings
  • indicating quantity using plural forms, for example, ο, η, το, οι, οι, τα
  • using negative expressions such as δεν, μη
  • conjugating the present tense
  • using common verbs such as γράφω, θέλω, τρέχω to describe simple actions
  • using definite and indefinite articles, for example, ο, η, το,ένας, μία, ένα
  • applying appropriate gender to nouns
  • using singular and plural pronouns εγώ, εσύ, αυτός/η/ο, εμείς, εσείς, αυτοί/ες/α
  • developing knowledge of vocabulary related to personal world, for example, self, family, friends, school and home, leisure activities, food and drink

  VCELU013 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language