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• VCKOC197

  Create and present imaginative texts that express ideas through characters, events or settings, making connections between past, present and future, and between reality and imagination

  Elaborations

  • creating various types of texts including those in digital and online forms such as stories, songs, chants, or scripts for role- plays or skits, considering main characters, themes, settings and/or plots, for different types of audience, for example, young learners of Korean or parents of peers
  • creating and presenting texts invarious forms, such as digital stories or performances that reflect significant Korean or Australian events or histories (for example, 한글날, 개천절, Australia Day, Anzac Day, National Sorry Day)
  • creating and acting out imaginary characters in contexts that involve possible intercultural circumstances, drawing on resources such as news reports or feature articles
  • critiquing own and others’ presentations, taking the perspectives of authors and performers (for example, 내가 애나라면 더 큰 소리로 말하겠어요)

  VCKOC197 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCKOC153

  Describe people, places, objects and everyday routines relating to school and home environments; express feelings and share interests and preferences

  Elaborations

  • exchanging experiences of everyday life and leisure activities using –해요/했어요 as a chunk, for example, 오늘 한국어를 공부해요 / 어제 영어를 공부했어요
  • sharing experiences and feelings such as weekend activities and likes/dislikes using 나/저도 …–어/아요 and 나/저도 …–었/았어요 as set phrases, for example, 나/저도 좋아요/좋았어요,나/저도 한국어를 공부해요/공부했어요
  • interacting via different modes of communication including class blogs or wikis to exchange personal information and to express opinions, for example, … 어때요/어땠어요?
  • recounting experiences with family and friends in speaking and writing, for example, in conversations, diaries or blogs (토요일에 저는 친구하고 쇼핑했어요.제니하고 웨스트필드에 갔어요 ...)

  VCKOC153 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCKOC030

  Reflect on own identity and on how it is affected by the experience of Korean language learning

  Elaborations

  • gathering examples of language/s used by various people in different contexts, including the Korean language spoken by Koreans in different social/age groups and in different places, and discussing how the examples reveal aspects of identity
  • discussing challenges and rewards they feel during intercultural interactions and how the experience of learning and using Korean challenges preconceptions or stereotypes and helps them to revise own attitudes
  • recounting personal stories, in oral, written or digital forms, about significant encounters, explaining why they consider them significant
  • monitoring own language use and sense of identity across a range of intercultural interactions, such as by using a blog or journal, and considering personal experience, perspectives and values about being a learner and user of Korean
  • sharing with others the ongoing influence of Korean language learning on the shaping of their identity

  VCKOC030 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCLVC180

  Create a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts to entertain others, involving real or imagined contexts and characters

  Elaborations

  • creating a rap or skit to entertain others, including digital or performative elements,
  • creating own visual and performative art work, using symbols and techniques appropriate to Country/Place to convey a message or emotion
  • taking on the role of a character from a story and responding to questions in-role
  • creating and performing real or imagined experiences, using expressive language, gestures and supporting materials to create dramatic effect
  • creating animations, short plays or stories to present in class or to share with a wider virtual audience
  • composing simple songs, sporting chants, jingles, posters or advertisements for real or imagined situations or products
  • telling the story of a real or imagined journey, involving a variety of characters, places and events
  • collaborating with community to tell stories

  VCLVC180 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VC2M2A02

  recall and demonstrate proficiency with addition facts to 20; extend and apply facts to develop related subtraction facts

  Elaborations

  • using ten-frames or materials such as connecting cubes to develop and record addition and subtraction strategies including doubles, near doubles, counting on, combinations to 10 and bridging to 10, explaining patterns and connections noticed within the facts
  • partitioning and rearranging collections to practise and develop fluency with addition and subtraction facts to 20, leading to the recall of these facts; for example, partitioning using materials and part-part-whole diagrams to develop subtraction facts related to addition facts, such as 8 + 7 = 15 therefore 15 − 7 = 8 and 15 − 8 = 7
  • using partitioning to develop and record facts systematically (for example, ‘How many ways can 10 birds be spread among 2 trees?’, 10 = 10 + 0, 10 = 9 + 1, 10 = 8 + 2, 10 = 7 + 3, …), explaining how they know they have found all possible partitions 

  VC2M2A02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Algebra

• VC2M6N02

  identify and describe the properties of prime, composite, square and triangular numbers and use these properties to solve problems and simplify calculations

  Elaborations

  • using the definition of a prime number to explain why one is not a prime number
  • testing numbers by using division to distinguish between prime and composite numbers, recording the results on a number chart to identify any patterns
  • representing composite numbers as a product of their factors, including prime factors when necessary and using this form to simplify calculations involving multiplication, such as 15 × 16 as 5 × 3 × 4 × 4, which can be rearranged to simplify calculation to 5 × 4 × 3 × 4 = 20 × 12
  • identifying and describing the product of a number with itself as square; for example, 3 × 3 is the same as 3²
  • using spreadsheets to list all the numbers that have up to 3 factors, using combinations of only the first 3 prime numbers, recognising any emerging patterns, making conjectures and experimenting with other combinations

  VC2M6N02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 6 | Number

• VC2M2SP01

  recognise, compare and classify shapes, referencing the number of sides and using spatial terms such as ‘opposite’, ‘parallel’, ‘curved’ and ‘straight’

  Elaborations

  • sorting a collection of shapes in different ways based on their features, such as number of sides, whether all sides are equal and whether pairs of opposite sides are parallel; for example, sorting collections of triangles and other polygons
  • manipulating shapes and recognising that different orientations do not change the shape; for example, cutting out pictures of various shapes and recognising that they are still classified as the same shape even if they are upside down or on their side
  • investigating the shapes of different sporting fields, describing and labelling their features, including sidelines, centre circles and goal squares; for example, labelling the lines on a basketball court and using spatial terms to describe them
  • creating regular shapes using digital tools, describing and observing what happens when you manipulate them; for example, dragging or pushing vertices to produce irregular shapes, or moving or rotating a shape

  VC2M2SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Space

• VC2M1SP01

  make, compare and classify familiar shapes; recognise familiar shapes and objects in the environment, identifying the similarities and differences between them

  Elaborations

  • classifying a collection of shapes including different circles, ovals, regular and irregular shapes, triangles and quadrilaterals, saying what is the same about the shapes in a group and what is different between the shapes in a group
  • selecting a shape from a small collection of shapes inside a bag and describing the shape by feel, so that others can name the shape and give reasons for their choice
  • comparing the different objects that can be built out of the same number of blocks or centi-cubes and discussing the differences between them
  • exploring string games used in storytelling by Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples (for example, in Karda from the Yandruwandha Peoples of north-eastern South Australia), recognising, comparing, describing and classifying the shapes made by the string and these shapes’ relationship to shapes and objects on Country/Place

  VC2M1SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 1 | Space

• VC2M2SP02

  locate positions in two-dimensional representations of a familiar space; move positions by following directions and pathways

  Elaborations

  • interpreting maps of familiar places and identifying the position of key features
  • understanding that we use maps to receive and give directions and to describe place and spatial relationships between places
  • using a classroom seating plan to locate a new seating position and giving directions to other classmates to find their seats
  • following and creating movement instructions that need to be carried out to move through a 4 × 4 grid mat on the classroom floor or on a computer screen, for example, one forward, 2 to the right and one backwards and so on to reach a target square; or using a robotic toy to follow a path on a street scene on a floor mat, adjusting their instructions to the robot toy as they consider the order of their instructions, the direction and how far they want the toy to travel
  • moving around a two-dimensional maze using directional language to describe turns and changes in direction, including saying, for example, ‘clockwise’, ‘anticlockwise’, ‘quarter turn to the left’ and ‘take the path to the right’

  VC2M2SP02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Space

• VC2M6ST01

  interpret and compare data sets for ordinal and nominal categorical, discrete and continuous numerical variables using comparative displays or visualisations and digital tools; compare distributions in terms of mode, range and shape

  Elaborations

  • determining the range for a numerical data set by finding the difference between the highest and the lowest value in the set and comparing the range for different data sets
  • representing acquired numerical data sets using side-by-side column graphs, comparing the spread of each data set using the range, the highest frequency for each data set using the mode, and discussing the shape
  • representing ordinal data collected through surveys, using visualisation tools including dot plots and bar charts, and discussing the distribution of data in terms of shape
  • using technology to access data sets and graphing software to construct side-by-side column graphs or stacked line graphs; and comparing data sets that are grouped by gender, year level, age group or other variables, and discussing findings

  VC2M6ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 6 | Statistics

• VC2M9ST04

  choose appropriate forms of display or visualisation for a given type of data; justify selections and interpret displays for a given context

  Elaborations

  • comparing data displays using mean, median and range to describe and interpret numerical data sets in terms of centre and spread using histograms, dot plots or stem-and-leaf plots
  • choosing the type of representations based on the data type: categorical (nominal or ordinal) or numerical (discrete or continuous)
  • using different visualisations of data, including non-standard representations such as infographics, and discussing their purpose and intended audience, and evaluating how well they communicate responses to statistical questions of interest
  • comparing and interpreting stacked bar charts, area charts and line graphs, discussing how they represent larger categories that can be subdivided into smaller categories and how information that can be obtained from these displays can be used for comparison

  VC2M9ST04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 9 | Statistics

• VCVIC132

  Reflect on their experiences when interacting in English and Vietnamese, identifying differences in language use and behaviours

  Elaborations

  • comparing their interactions in Vietnamese and English, noticing different behaviours and language used, for example, using appropriate personal pronouns and adding the sound ơi after the names of family members and friends to attract the person’s attention or show affection (Mẹ ơi, Hoa ơi), compared with addressing friends in English by their first name (Chị ơi, ra đây chơi với em/Lan)
  • describing elements of Vietnamese language that are different to English, including pronunciation, gestures and facial expressions, and sharing what they find difficult or awkward when using each language
  • developing language for describing experiences of intercultural exchange in different contexts, for example, Tôi thích nói tiếng Việt ở nhà hơn ở trường

  VCVIC132 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCZHC233

  Create bilingual information texts for speakers of Chinese and English in Australia, recognising ‘code-switching’ and how specific vocabulary and terminology from other learning areas can be translated in different settings, such as for an expert or beginner audience

  Elaborations

  • comparing multiple ways of translating English terms and phrases into Chinese, and discussing the effectiveness and focus of these translations, for example, 苹果手机 or 爱疯
  • considering others’ responses in interactions and clarifying whether their own message has been understood as they intended, for example, 大家对这个问题还有什么疑议吗？ 不知大家还有没有什么意见和建议？
  • producing own bilingual texts, for example, explaining aspects of Chinese culture to English-speaking audiences or interpreting concepts learnt in other learning areas to help Chinese-speaking peers understand course content
  • providing further explanation of concepts that are not immediately clear to second language learners of Chinese, for example, contrasting the concept of ‘culture’ in English with Chinese 文化 (which also includes the meaning of ‘literacy’) and starting to understand other 文化 in comparative terms

  VCZHC233 | Languages | Chinese | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCZHC071

  Translate a range of Chinese texts and identify how some concepts can be readily translated between Chinese and English and some do not

  Elaborations

  • identifying core values implicit in interactions in Chinese and explaining these to English speakers, for example, describing the language of celebration, including the origins, significance and meanings of commonly used expressions such as 福如东海、年年有余
  • describing interactions, showing consideration of 面子, and discussing the differences in the significance of 面子 when the interaction occurs interculturally
  • interpreting key ideas conveyed in Chinese texts, discussing how to maintain the sentiment and intention of authors when retelling or summarising these in English, and understanding why this is important in translation
  • reading everyday Chinese texts encountered in shop brochures, product packaging and advertising; identifying challenges involved in conveying meaning in English; and explaining word choices and textual features employed to enhance meaning

  VCZHC071 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCZHC150

  Create short narratives to express the experiences, thoughts and emotions of individuals in imagined contexts

  Elaborations

  • recounting an imagined encounter with a famous person, or reproducing a scenario where cultural misunderstandings create a humorous outcome
  • collaborating to create dramatic performances to retell classic Chinese stories, such as 《负荆请罪》, or famous stories in other cultures, such as 《丑小鸭》
  • creating narratives to describe imagined experiences, for example, a trip to China, including a visit with a homestay family or an adventure on the Great Wall, or the experiences of a Chinese student visiting Australia
  • creating stories in various literary styles (for example, 记叙文、散文、诗歌), experimenting with descriptive language to convey the intensity of characters’ emotions, and events , using written styles of language, for example 我看到好多漂亮的花，有粉红的，雪白的，真是太美了

  VCZHC150 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHC053

  Engage with imaginative texts, observing how characters, emotions and attitudes are portrayed, express opinions about these aspects of an imagined experience and apply this knowledge in their own performances and texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying how features of performance, including the use of posture, movement, voice, images and sound, are used to convey different emotions and attitudes, for example, 她跑得很快; 音乐听起来很轻快; 森林里很暗; 我很害怕
  • writing a short dialogue about an emotion and performing it in groups
  • expressing and justifying their music preferences, for example 我喜欢这首歌，因为歌词很美
  • producing short performances, for example, a skit about celebrating Spring Festival, a simple lyric for a song about school life, or a rap about being a student of Chinese
  • noticing how emotion is expressed in song, film or poems and discussing its impact on listeners and viewers
  • reflecting on the language, beliefs and values of characters in traditional and modern literature and Chinese popular culture, and comparing different students’ responses to the same story, event, character or place, for example, viewing excerpts from contemporary films and discussing personal responses to and the sociocultural context of the film

  VCZHC053 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHU106

  Discern differences in patterns of sound and tone in extended Chinese speech when listening to speakers of different age, gender, and regional background

  Elaborations

  • listening to interactions between unfamiliar voices at different speeds or levels of clarity to develop auditory and comprehension skills, and discriminating between sounds heard in oral discourse, including the range of vowel and consonant combinations, for example, ‘qin’ versus ‘qing’ and ‘chi’ versus ‘qi’
  • examining the diverse meanings of words that share similar sounds, for example, the many meanings of the sound ‘shi’ and how to differentiate between 同音词 and 近音词 in different contexts (同意 and 统一)
  • comparing examples of regional variation in pronunciation (for example, the Beijing use of 儿 and the southern pronunciation of ‘shi’ and ‘si’), and noticing and describing differences in accent and tone when listening to Chinese speakers from diverse regions

  VCZHU106 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHU029

  Identify similarities and differences in the organisation of simple familiar texts

  Elaborations

  • reading familiar text types in both Chinese and English (for example, menus, calendars, songs and TV cartoons), and explaining how the content and features of the text suit its purpose, for example, the menu has pictures of dishes to help the customer understand what kind of food it is
  • recognising Chinese texts (for example, Chinese film posters and newspapers), and discussing how the textual features are organised, including the headings, images and fonts, and the cultural significance of such texts
  • applying knowledge of text features to help locate key information, such as identifying details relating to name, age and nationality across diverse examples of social media profiles and print information forms
  • discussing a range of predictable texts with teachers and peers to perceive common components (radicals) in complex characters such as ‘woman’ (女) and ‘water’ (氵)

  VCZHU029 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHU240

  Explore assumptions and challenges for language use in new environments, identifying and comparing ways in which sensitive topics are introduced and discussed across languages, for example, comparing the Chinese custom of asking direct questions about age, income and other personal matters with...

  Elaborations

  • recognising clichés, examining cases of ‘breaking’ a cliché and the impact it might have, such as 脑筋建转弯 questions
  • identifying how language use can be varied for different participants in different contexts, for example, the use of slang and abbreviations between teenagers
  • using classical terms and expressions including 成语、歇后语、俗语 appropriate to context, such as using 亭亭玉立 to describe young girls
  • discussing ‘taboo’ terms across languages, and using terms suitable for the context, such as different words for 死 (‘to die’), for example, 驾崩 (皇帝)、 仙逝 （长辈 ) 、去世（一般人) 、香消玉殒 (女性)

  VCZHU240 | Languages | Chinese | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCZHU128

  Recognise differences and similarities in communication across cultures, such as greetings, names and gestures

  Elaborations

  • viewing and listening to Chinese and Australian cartoons and identifying similarities and differences
  • examining pictures of different marketplaces and noticing differences between food markets and grocery stores in China and Australia
  • observing what is the same and what is different in their classroom interactions and classroom interactions in China
  • discussing communicative practices across cultures and identifying culture-specific practices (for example 拜年) in Chinese culture, including noting culture-specific phrases used in either Chinese or English
  • recognising various ways in which familiar concepts are expressed in different cultures, such as greetings
  • using non-verbal communication, such as gestures and facial expressions, for example, showing numbers 1–10 with fingers
  • recognising ways in which people express their culture in music, dance, traditional stories, food, games and celebrations
  • recognising visible expressions of identity such as flags, maps, traditional dress, and landmarks
  • exploring cultural symbols and practices through stories, songs, dances, games and crafts

  VCZHU128 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture