Turkish: F–10 Sequence / Levels 7 and 8 / Understanding / Systems of language
Content description
Understand and use grammatical forms and structures such as reduplication, auxiliary verbs, particles and honorific forms, using metalanguage to identify or explain forms, structures and parts of speech
Elaborations
recognising and using reflexive, reciprocal, causative and passive verbal mood suffixes in simple sentences, for example, Ozan yıkandı ve sonra giyindi (reflexive), Maçtan sonra arkadaşı ile buluştu (reciprocal), Dün kuaförde saçını kestirdi (causative), Bugün işten kovuldu (passive)
using verb conjugation in different tenses to form new words and phrases, for example, açıkladım, açıklayacaklar, iyi açıklıyor
learning the conditions that apply to using familiar and formal second person singular forms -n and -n(ı)z, for example, yemeğin hazır, yemeğiniz hazır and second person pronouns, sen and siz
understanding and using the three types of reduplication for emphasis, for example, emphatic reduplication, kapkara, upuzun, -m reduplication, çirkin mirkin, Selma’yı Melma’yı görmedim and doubling, as in yavaş yavaş,ikişer ikişer, koşa koşa, ağlaya ağlaya
learning to use more complex conjunctions, such as hem... hem de, ne... ne, ki, ancak, yoksa, oysa, hatta, rağmen, yani, -e göre
using different types of formal and informal honorific forms, such as Bey/Hanım, Amca/Teyze, Efendi, Ağa/Hanımağa, Sayın, abi/ağabey/abla, hoca/öğretmen, bay/bayan
using a range of interrogative word endings and more complex interrogative pronouns, for example, Babam kahveyi yapacak mı? Sunumu beraber yapıyor muyuz? Ne kadar uzun olsun? Yaklaşık otuz santim
using compound and complex sentences, for example, Ayşe telefonda konuşur ve bilgisayarda oyun oynar, Ama Zeynep ne telefonda konuşmaktan ne de bilgisayarda oyun oynamaktan hoşlanır
recognising a wider range of idiomatic expressions and using a variety of phrases to discuss opinions
developing metalanguage for identifying and explaining different types of adverbs, adjectives and sentence structures relating to grammatical functions, such as predicates, subjects and objects
learning how to use different auxiliary verbs formed by adding verbs such as etmek, kılmak, kalmak and olmak to nouns and attaching them to single-syllable words, for example, reddetmek, affetmek, kaybolmak but yardım etmek, namaz kılmak, geç kalmak
