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• VCEALL471

  Write using extended descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • writing extended noun phrases, such as ‘a large shark with sharp teeth’, using an expanding range of elements including pointers (‘a’, ‘the’, ‘my’), concrete and abstract key nouns (‘shark’, ‘packet’, ‘idea’), describers (‘large’, ‘empty’, ‘excellent’), classifiers (‘endangered’, ‘recyclable’, ‘financial’) and simple qualifiers (‘with sharp teeth’, ‘in my bag’)
  • applying rules for expressing comparisons, such as ‘as … as’, ‘more … than’, ‘–er than’
  • using short relative clauses to expand descriptions, for example ‘The girl who was late had to go to the office’

  VCEALL471 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL448

  Follow direct and indirect speech

  Elaborations

  • understanding the punctuation used to indicate direct speech
  • creating a comic strip or storyboard with speech bubbles based on a passage containing direct or indirect speech

  VCEALL448 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL337

  Use simple descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • using a range of adverbial phrases to express circumstances of place (‘over there’), location (‘in the room’) and time (‘last week’)
  • using a range of regular comparative adjectives (‘bigger’, ‘older’, ‘healthier’), some irregular comparatives (‘better’, ‘more’) and comparatives with three or more syllables (‘more expensive’, ‘more beautiful’), with occasional errors
  • forming some negative comparisons using a range of forms with developing accuracy, for example ‘not as big as’, ‘less expensive’, ‘less healthy’

  VCEALL337 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL400

  Use a small range of software functions to create simple digital texts

  Elaborations

  • using a keyboard to type capital and lower-case letters, numbers, basic punctuation marks and symbols
  • typing letters and words, copying from a print text or typing short original texts
  • using a range of editing and formatting functions, such as inserting or deleting text, using font styles and alignment
  • inserting images and tables

  VCEALL400 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL725

  Use a range of cohesive devices to connect ideas in text

  Elaborations

  • using cohesive devices at the sentence level, for example a range of conjunctions and connectives that show relationships of cause or time
  • using cohesive devices to connect ideas at the word level, such as writing pronouns or synonyms to create chains of ideas

  VCEALL725 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL310

  Use simple sentences and phrases with correct subject–verb–object pattern

  Elaborations

  • writing with some errors with agreement, such as ‘I read book’, ‘She watch video’

  VCEALL310 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL365

  Use knowledge of simple tense and negation to interpret the meaning of written text

  Elaborations

  • identifying the base word and interpreting the effect of tense and negation, for example in ‘did not eat’
  • matching sets of phrases to show their relationship, for example ‘go’, ‘went’ and ‘did not go’

  VCEALL365 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL563

  Identify key vocabulary and ideas from short, familiar spoken texts, supported by context

  Elaborations

  • recognising familiar and learnt vocabulary in short spoken texts
  • using contextual information, including illustrations, word lists or print texts, to identify key ideas and predict vocabulary

  VCEALL563 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL562

  Use a small range of common descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • constructing simple noun groups with adjectives, and simple possessive pronouns, such as ‘a yellow car’, ‘my friend’s house’
  • constructing noun groups using describers and classifiers, for example ‘tall trees’, ‘native trees’
  • using prepositions such as ‘in’, ‘on’ and ‘at’ to indicate time and place, for example ‘in Melbourne’, ‘on Monday’

  VCEALL562 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL252

  Construct short utterances that use common adjectives to describe or add emphasis

  Elaborations

  • combining learnt vocabulary, including adjectives, to describe objects and ideas, such as ‘very hot’, ‘beautiful picture’

  VCEALL252 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL199

  Recognise and explore texts in different media and modes

  Elaborations

  • identifying and engaging with print and digital texts, including visual, multimodal and interactive texts
  • navigating through different types of texts, for example turning the pages of a book, clicking links

  VCEALL199 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL734

  Create, edit and navigate simple digital texts

  Elaborations

  • creating a small range of digital texts, including documents, slides, tables and simple graphs
  • formatting texts simply, for example using font styles, text alignment, dot points
  • reading menus or links in order to navigate a website

  VCEALL734 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL340

  Respond to a short sequence of instructions in a familiar context

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using common classroom action verbs, such as ‘sit’, ‘collect’, ‘open’, ‘stop’
  • understanding and using simple sequence markers, such as ‘first’, ‘next’, ‘and then’
  • asking for clarification, for example ‘What next?’, ‘Is this right?’

  VCEALL340 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL126

  Focus on both content and functional words to understand the main idea in a text

  Elaborations

  • identifying the main idea in a text based on recognising repeated content words
  • using function words (such as ‘the’, ‘and’, ‘as’, ‘in’, ‘of’) to understand the relationship between ideas in a text

  VCEALL126 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL422

  Use pronunciation and a range of non-verbal features to convey meaning and enhance communication

  Elaborations

  • modelling intonation, volume, stress and pacing on the speech of others such as the teacher, peers, performers or presenters
  • adjusting features of speech to support and convey meaning, such as modifying mood in storytelling or giving emphasis when recounting news
  • attending to clear enunciation, accurate pronunciation and appropriate stress and intonation when speaking in classroom situations

  VCEALL422 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL362

  Understand the relationships between events or ideas in a text

  Elaborations

  • sorting sentences into sets related to the same topic, and writing a heading for each set
  • arranging parts of a sentence that use cohesive devices, such as ‘after that’ and ‘because’
  • understanding the items that pronouns refer to, such as ‘The dogs … They …’

  VCEALL362 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL478

  Use a range of punctuation marks consistently and correctly

  Elaborations

  • using a range of punctuation, such as full stops, question marks, exclamation marks, commas and apostrophes, consistently and correctly
  • using commas consistently to separate items in a list, and sometimes to separate clauses or indicate pauses

  VCEALL478 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL598

  Attempt paragraphs and topic sentences

  Elaborations

  • grouping related information and sentences together to create a basic paragraph, though ideas may not be sequenced clearly within the paragraph
  • writing a topic sentence making a statement about a key idea, for example ‘Cars are bad for the environment’

  VCEALL598 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL733

  Use punctuation marks to create effects in writing, such as pauses and emphasis

  Elaborations

  • using a range of punctuation consistently, such as full stops, commas, colons, exclamation marks, question marks, apostrophes
  • using commas to indicate pauses and separate clauses
  • using punctuation to create effects in writing, such as commas or ellipses to indicate pauses, exclamation marks to emphasise a point
  • using correct punctuation for direct speech and quotations most of the time

  VCEALL733 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL523

  Self-correct with guidance

  Elaborations

  • self-correcting pronunciation based on feedback from the listener
  • breaking unfamiliar words into morphemes and syllables

  VCEALL523 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features