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• VCEALL340

  Respond to a short sequence of instructions in a familiar context

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using common classroom action verbs, such as ‘sit’, ‘collect’, ‘open’, ‘stop’
  • understanding and using simple sequence markers, such as ‘first’, ‘next’, ‘and then’
  • asking for clarification, for example ‘What next?’, ‘Is this right?’

  VCEALL340 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL126

  Focus on both content and functional words to understand the main idea in a text

  Elaborations

  • identifying the main idea in a text based on recognising repeated content words
  • using function words (such as ‘the’, ‘and’, ‘as’, ‘in’, ‘of’) to understand the relationship between ideas in a text

  VCEALL126 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL422

  Use pronunciation and a range of non-verbal features to convey meaning and enhance communication

  Elaborations

  • modelling intonation, volume, stress and pacing on the speech of others such as the teacher, peers, performers or presenters
  • adjusting features of speech to support and convey meaning, such as modifying mood in storytelling or giving emphasis when recounting news
  • attending to clear enunciation, accurate pronunciation and appropriate stress and intonation when speaking in classroom situations

  VCEALL422 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL362

  Understand the relationships between events or ideas in a text

  Elaborations

  • sorting sentences into sets related to the same topic, and writing a heading for each set
  • arranging parts of a sentence that use cohesive devices, such as ‘after that’ and ‘because’
  • understanding the items that pronouns refer to, such as ‘The dogs … They …’

  VCEALL362 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL478

  Use a range of punctuation marks consistently and correctly

  Elaborations

  • using a range of punctuation, such as full stops, question marks, exclamation marks, commas and apostrophes, consistently and correctly
  • using commas consistently to separate items in a list, and sometimes to separate clauses or indicate pauses

  VCEALL478 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL598

  Attempt paragraphs and topic sentences

  Elaborations

  • grouping related information and sentences together to create a basic paragraph, though ideas may not be sequenced clearly within the paragraph
  • writing a topic sentence making a statement about a key idea, for example ‘Cars are bad for the environment’

  VCEALL598 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL733

  Use punctuation marks to create effects in writing, such as pauses and emphasis

  Elaborations

  • using a range of punctuation consistently, such as full stops, commas, colons, exclamation marks, question marks, apostrophes
  • using commas to indicate pauses and separate clauses
  • using punctuation to create effects in writing, such as commas or ellipses to indicate pauses, exclamation marks to emphasise a point
  • using correct punctuation for direct speech and quotations most of the time

  VCEALL733 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL523

  Self-correct with guidance

  Elaborations

  • self-correcting pronunciation based on feedback from the listener
  • breaking unfamiliar words into morphemes and syllables

  VCEALL523 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL288

  Identify common syllables and patterns within words

  Elaborations

  • naming letters and giving their sounds when spelling or sounding out new words
  • reading aloud words that are familiar or contain familiar letter patterns with some accuracy and confidence

  VCEALL288 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL200

  Understand and explore the basic layout and conventions of simple texts

  Elaborations

  • answering simple questions about the features of a text, for example ‘What is the name of this text?’, ‘Where is there a list in this text?’
  • following step-by-step instructions to find information in a text, for example ‘Open up to the contents page. Now find the entry that says “Ocean”. Which page should we turn to?’

  VCEALL200 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL343

  Use clear pronunciation for common words and learnt key topic words

  Elaborations

  • attending to pronunciation and making adjustments based on the reaction of listeners or direct feedback
  • accurately pronouncing common words and learnt words used in interpersonal interactions, classroom situations and content learning

  VCEALL343 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL313

  Use some conjunctions to connect ideas within a sentence

  Elaborations

  • constructing compound sentences with a small range of coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’), for example ‘I caught a bus and then walked’
  • constructing basic complex sentences using some common subordinating conjunctions (such as ‘because’, ‘when’, ‘after’), for example ‘After we finished dinner, Mum wanted to play a game’

  VCEALL313 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL389

  Use simple time sequence markers and pronoun references to connect ideas in a text

  Elaborations

  • using simple time sequence markers, such as ‘first’, ‘next’, ‘at last’
  • using a range of pronoun references to connect ideas in text, including ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, ‘we’, ‘they’, ‘his’, ‘her’, ‘their’, but with some errors of agreement

  VCEALL389 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL413

  Adapt speech to suit a variety of registers

  Elaborations

  • listening to and observing situations to understand the register and topic
  • formulating appropriate ways of expressing a message to suit the situation, for example using formal or informal expression, technical or everyday vocabulary

  VCEALL413 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL495

  Use simple conjunctions to link ideas in short utterances

  Elaborations

  • connecting ideas using common coordinating conjunctions, such as ‘and’, ‘but’
  • linking ideas in short utterances using simple conjunctions, such as ‘I finish number 1 but not number 2’

  VCEALL495 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL125

  Understand and use a small range of metalanguage for elements of texts

  Elaborations

  • understanding terminology such as ‘author’, ‘title’, ‘letter’, ‘word’, ‘sentence’
  • locating and labelling features of a text, such as author, heading, diagram, blurb
  • identifying features of a text in answer to questions, for example ‘Who is the author of this book?’, ‘Where can we find the contents page?’

  VCEALL125 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL045

  Rely on content words to understand the main idea in a text

  Elaborations

  • recognising common or learnt words in class texts
  • suggesting the topic of a text based on understanding content words in a title

  VCEALL045 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL079

  Experiment with some familiar punctuation

  Elaborations

  • using basic punctuation some of the time, such as full stops at the end of sentences, capital letters to begin sentences and for names
  • writing capital and lower-case letters and full stops accurately when copying
  • beginning to copy more complex punctuation accurately, such as commas, question marks, exclamation marks, quotation marks

  VCEALL079 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL043

  Understand and explore the basic features of different texts

  Elaborations

  • matching labels to parts of a simple text, for example the title, introduction, requirements and method of a procedure; or the title, images and text on a poster
  • answering simple questions about the features of a text, for example ‘What is the name of this text?’, ‘Where is there a list in this text?’
  • making simple predictions about the topic or purpose of the text, for example based on the introduction to an instructional video
  • following step-by-step instructions to find information in a text, for example ‘Open up the contents page. Now find the heading that says “ocean”. Which page should we turn to?’

  VCEALL043 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL290

  Use a range of cues to support reading and viewing

  Elaborations

  • using information from images and headings to support understanding of the topic
  • using organisational features to navigate a text, for example titles and headings in a print text, or links and navigational items in a digital text, including multimodal and interactive texts

  VCEALL290 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features