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• VCDEU016

  Recognise that German and English are related languages and that German is an important European and global language

  Elaborations

  • noticing that German and English share many words, for example, Computer, Bus, Taxi and Auto, and understanding that this is a result of historical events as well as the dynamic nature of languages
  • recognising that English and other languages have borrowed German words, for example, Hamburger, kaputt, Kindergarten, Glockenspiel and Mischmasch, and comparing how these words are pronounced by German and English speakers
  • understanding that English grammar used to be more similar to German grammar but that English has changed, for example, recognising the link between the Middle English ‘What thinkest thou?’ and Was denkst du?
  • recognising that the German language continuously borrows and adapts words and expressions from other languages, including English, for example, das Internet, die App, häppi, joggen, shoppen, simsen/texten, Stopp! and Sorry!
  • recognising that German is an official language of the ‘DACHL’ countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Liechtenstein) as well as in Belgium, Luxembourg and South Tyrol

  VCDEU016 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDEU029

  Notice examples in spoken German of variation in features such as pronunciation, rhythm and stress, and the use of contractions; and articulate and apply in writing common German spelling and punctuation rules, such as for commas and quotation marks

  Elaborations

  • recognising and reproducing rhythms in complex sentences, using pausing and intonation to signal clause sequence and emphasis
  • recognising the role of pronunciation, rhythm and pace in enhancing meaning and creating effects (mood, suggesting relationships) in spoken texts such as stories, poems, songs and conversations
  • listening to and/or viewing excerpts of authentic German conversations, noting examples of contractions and the impact of their use
  • comparing punctuation rules in English and German, considering aspects such as the distribution and functions of commas, and the style of quotation marks for direct speech
  • applying German punctuation and spelling rules to edit own and others’ written work systematically

  VCDEU029 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU034

  Explore the dynamic nature of the relationship between language, culture and communication and how it impacts on attitudes and beliefs

  Elaborations

  • establishing a deeper understanding of diversity, and reflecting on what own experience of linguistic and cultural diversity means for them
  • sharing ideas about how culture ‘works’ as a combination of beliefs, values and practices, and examining own personal and community cultural frames of reference and how and why these change over time
  • reflecting, through personal journals and group discussions, on how learning German has impacted on own assumptions about German language, culture or identity
  • considering how the experience of learning a new language has impacted on their awareness of their own communicative and cultural behaviours and of how these may be interpreted by others
  • analysing how language use and culture reflect and construct relationships, practices and attitudes, including expressions and concepts in German related to education, social equality, national identity and commitment to world peace, for example, Fremdsprache, Ausbildung/Erziehung; Nationalismus/Heimat; those related to Ausländer in German-speaking countries and those within Germany, such as Nord–Süd/Ost–West (Ossi/Wessi) identity

  VCDEU034 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDEU151

  Recognise that there are variations in German as it is used in different contexts by different people, such as formal/informal register and regional variations

  Elaborations

  • using the plural informal ihr when addressing more than one person, for example, Was meint ihr? Hört gut zu!
  • noticing when the more polite Sie is used, for example, by children to unknown adults
  • recognising that there are differences in what people say when answering the family landline or their own mobile phone, for example, Schmidt, Guten Tag! or Hallo Lisa!
  • being aware of some regional variations in German language use, for example, in greetings such as the Swiss Grüezi and Austrian Servus, or the lack of the Eszett in Switzerland
  • comparing diversity in accents, dialects and vocabulary in German-speaking communities with similar diversity in the use of English within and beyond Australia

  VCDEU151 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDSCD053

  Use project management processes to coordinate production of designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • explaining and interpreting drawings, planning and production steps needed to produce products, services or environments for specific purposes
  • organising time, evaluating decisions and managing resources to ensure successful project completion and protection of the work space and local environment
  • investigating the time needed for each step of production
  • identifying and managing risks in the development of various projects, for example assessing uncertainty and risk in relation to long-term health and environmental impacts

  VCDSCD053 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Planning and managing

• VCDSCD052

  Independently develop criteria for success to evaluate design ideas, processes and solutions and their sustainability

  Elaborations

  • developing criteria for success to assess the success of designed solutions in terms of aesthetics, functionality and sustainability
  • considering how to improve technical expertise
  • evaluating designed solutions and processes and transferring new knowledge and skills to future design projects

  VCDSCD052 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Evaluating

• VCDSCD028

  Critique needs or opportunities for designing and explore and test a variety of materials, components, tools and equipment and the techniques needed to create designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • exploring the different uses of materials in a range of products, including those from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and countries of Asia
  • critiquing and selecting appropriate joining techniques for materials to produce working models
  • exploring and testing a range of materials under different conditions for suitability including sustainability considerations and identifying appropriate tools, equipment and techniques
  • examining the structure and production of everyday products, services and environments to enhance their own design ideas
  • exploring the properties of materials to determine suitability, for example the absorbency of different fabrics or the strength of different resistant materials

  VCDSCD028 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Creating Designed Solutions | Investigating

• VCDSCD060

  Critique needs or opportunities to develop design briefs and investigate and select an increasingly sophisticated range of materials, systems, components, tools and equipment to develop design ideas

  Elaborations

  • critiquing the design of new products to identify how well design ideas respond to sustainability issues
  • critiquing a range of design and technologies ideas, for example assessing those that draw on the intellectual property of others, exploring how well the ideas respond to international and Australian standards
  • considering the needs of community groups to identify rich design tasks
  • examining relationships of properties for complementary materials for products, for example examining compressive and tensile strengths of materials
  • identifying appropriate tools, equipment, techniques and safety procedures for each process and evaluating production processes for accuracy, quality, safety and efficiency

  VCDSCD060 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Designed Solutions | Investigating

• VCDSCD041

  Negotiate criteria for success that include consideration of environmental and social sustainability to evaluate design ideas, processes and solutions

  Elaborations

  • independently and collaboratively using criteria for success to evaluate processes and planning in regard to sustainability considerations
  • evaluating the suitability of materials, tools and equipment for specific purposes
  • reflecting on how well their designed solutions ensure safety and wellbeing of users and consumers and meet the needs of communities and different cultures
  • considering the criteria for success in relation to the benefits and costs of production processes, the environmental impact, future use and application, and social values and ethics of clients
  • evaluating designed solutions from a range of technologies contexts with consideration of ethics and sustainability

  VCDSCD041 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Creating Designed Solutions | Evaluating

• VCDSCD019

  Visualise, generate, and communicate design ideas through describing, drawing and modelling

  Elaborations

  • comparing and contrasting features of existing products to provide new ideas, for example exploring toys with several movable parts with the view to designing and making a simple puppet with one movable part
  • communicating design ideas by modelling, and producing and labelling two-dimensional drawings using a range of technologies to show different views (top view and side view), for example a new environment such as a cubby house or animal shelter
  • identifying one common testing method, and recording results, for example taste-testing comparisons of a food product and recording results in a digital form
  • describing how design ideas meet the needs of those who will use the solution

  VCDSCD019 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Creating Designed Solutions | Generating

• VCDSCD039

  Generate, develop, communicate and document design ideas and processes for audiences using appropriate technical terms and graphical representation techniques

  Elaborations

  • generating a range of design ideas for products, services or environments using prior knowledge, skills and research
  • developing alternative design ideas and considering implications for the future to broaden the appeal and acceptance of design ideas
  • analysing and modifying design ideas to enhance and improve the sustainability of a product, service, environment or system
  • representing and communicating design ideas using modelling and drawing standards including the use of digital technologies, for example scale; symbols and codes in diagrams; pictorial maps and aerial views using web mapping service applications
  • experimenting with materials, tools and equipment to refine design ideas, for example considering the selection of materials and joining techniques to suit the purpose of a product

  VCDSCD039 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Creating Designed Solutions | Generating

• VCDSCD062

  Work flexibly to safely test, select, justify and use appropriate technologies and processes to make designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • refining technical skills and using production skills with independence to produce quality designed solutions and to reduce risks in production
  • using materials, components, tools, equipment and techniques safely and considering alternatives to maximise sustainability, for example using timber because it stores carbon and offsets the demand for alternative products
  • experimenting with innovative combinations and ways of manipulating traditional and contemporary materials, components, tools, equipment and techniques, and recording findings in a collaborative space to debate the merits of each with peers
  • explaining safe working practices required for a specific classroom design project for individual or community use
  • modifying production processes to respond to unforeseen challenges or opportunities, for example when producing bulk quantities of recipes, lower than average rainfall and impacts on growth, materials with unexpected faults

  VCDSCD062 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Designed Solutions | Producing

• VCDSCD051

  Effectively and safely use a broad range of materials, components, tools, equipment and techniques to produce designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • using technical production skills and safe working practices with independence to produce quality solutions designed for sustainability
  • practising techniques to improve expertise, for example handling animals, cutting and joining materials
  • developing innovative ways of manipulating technologies using traditional and contemporary materials, components, tools, equipment and techniques and considering alternatives including emerging technologies that could be substituted to reduce waste or time

  VCDSCD051 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Producing

• VCDSCD049

  Critique needs or opportunities for designing and investigate, analyse and select from a range of materials, components, tools, equipment and processes to develop design ideas

  Elaborations

  • considering community needs when identifying opportunities for designing, for example gardens for a community centre, cost effective food service for a sport club
  • experimenting with traditional and contemporary technologies when developing designs, and discovering the advantages and disadvantages of each approach
  • investigating emerging technologies and their potential impact on design decisions, for example flame retardant fabrics or smart materials such as self-healing materials, digital technologies and agriculture
  • examining, testing and evaluating a variety of suitable materials, components, tools and equipment for each design project, for example the differences between natural hardwood and plantation softwood timbers, which determine their suitability for particular uses related to durability, for example interior or exterior use
  • evaluating the viability of using different techniques and materials in remote, isolated areas, or less developed countries
  • selecting appropriate materials to acknowledge sustainability requirements by using life cycle thinking

  VCDSCD049 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Investigating

• VCDSCD040

  Apply safe procedures when using a variety of materials, components, tools, equipment and techniques to produce designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • matching material and joining techniques to the design intention, for example accurately cutting and sewing the fabric pieces to make a community banner or joining components to produce an electric circuit
  • working safely, responsibly and cooperatively to ensure safe work areas, for example the safe use of equipment when making a water-resistant, floating craft or a model of an environmentally sensitive outdoor shelter
  • using appropriate personal protective equipment required for the use of some tools and equipment, for example protective eyewear
  • manipulating materials with appropriate tools, equipment and techniques, for example when preparing food, cultivating garden beds, constructing products

  VCDSCD040 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Creating Designed Solutions | Producing

• VCDSCD050

  Generate, develop and test design ideas, plans and processes using appropriate technical terms and technologies including graphical representation techniques

  Elaborations

  • using a variety of critical and creative thinking strategies such as brainstorming, sketching, 3-D modelling and experimenting to generate innovative design ideas
  • considering which ideas to further explore and investigating the benefits and drawbacks of ideas, for example using digital polling to capture the views of different groups in the community
  • identifying factors that may hinder or enhance project development, for example intercultural understanding
  • developing models, prototypes or samples using a range of materials, tools and equipment to test the functionality of ideas
  • producing annotated concept sketches and drawings, using: technical terms, scale, symbols, pictorial and aerial views to draw environments; production drawings, orthogonal drawings; patterns and templates to explain design ideas
  • documenting and communicating the generation of design ideas for an intended audience, for example developing a digital portfolio with images and text which clearly communicates each step of a design process

  VCDSCD050 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Generating

• VCDSCD061

  Apply design thinking, creativity, innovation and enterprise skills to develop, modify and communicate design ideas of increasing sophistication

  Elaborations

  • using techniques including combining and modifying ideas and exploring functionality to generate solution concepts
  • undertaking functional, structural and aesthetic analyses of benefits and constraints of design ideas, for example to different communities and environments including those from the countries of Asia
  • re-imagining designs to feature emerging technologies
  • considering competing variables that may hinder or enhance project development, for example weight, strength and price; laws; social protocols and community consultation processes
  • producing drawings, models and prototypes to explore design ideas, for example using technical drawing techniques, digital imaging programs, 3D printers or augmented reality modelling software; producing multiple prototypes that show an understanding of key aesthetic considerations in competing designs
  • communicating using appropriate technical terms and recording the generation and development of design ideas for an intended audience including justification of decisions, for example developing a digital portfolio with images and text which clearly communicates each step of a design process

  VCDSCD061 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Designed Solutions | Generating

• VCDSCD018

  Explore needs or opportunities for designing, and the technologies needed to realise designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • identifying, gathering and playing with materials, components, tools and equipment to generate personal design ideas, for example designing a greeting card for a friend
  • exploring opportunities around the school for designing solutions, for example how school play areas could be improved; how the school removes classroom waste and identifying opportunities to reduce, recycle and re-use materials; reviewing the school canteen menu to identify healthy food options and suggesting changes to promote good health
  • discussing possible designed solutions based on experience and some research, for example asking adults for advice
  • considering the importance of sustainability in designed solutions, for example comparing the durability of materials for a selected solution
  • exploring which tools, equipment and techniques to use with selected materials

  VCDSCD018 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Creating Designed Solutions | Investigating

• VCDSCD064

  Develop project plans to plan and manage projects individually and collaboratively taking into consideration time, cost, risk and production processes

  Elaborations

  • producing, explaining and interpreting drawings; and planning production timelines using digital technologies
  • creating production flow charts using digital technologies to ensure efficient, safe and sustainable sequences
  • establishing materials and equipment needs using digital technologies such as spreadsheets
  • collaborating to develop production plans for equitable distribution of work
  • investigating manufacturing processes to identify strategies to enhance production

  VCDSCD064 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Designed Solutions | Planning and managing

• VCDSCD003

  React to a designed solution that has been created and produced safely to meet their needs

  Elaborations

  • communicating simple choices through accept or reject actions as they experience making, doing and drawing
  • learning to indicate what they like when prompted
  • experiencing the production of a designed solution, for example, tasting fruit salad
  • experiencing being part of a group design process

  VCDSCD003 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Level A | Creating Designed Solutions